Sleep duration and its association with constipation in patients with diabetes: The fukuoka diabetes registry.

AimsShorter and longer sleep durations are associated with adverse health consequences. However, available evidence on the association of sleep duration with constipation is limited, especially in patients with diabetes, who are at a high risk of both conditions. This study aimed to examine the association between sleep duration and constipation in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA total of 4,826 patients with type 2 diabetes were classified into six groups according to sleep duration: ResultsShorter and longer sleep durations were associated with a higher likelihood of constipation than an intermediate duration (6.5-7.4 hours/day). This U-shaped association persisted after adjusting for confounding factors, including lifestyle behavior, measures of obesity and glycemic control, and comorbidities. Broadly identical findings were observed when decreased defecation frequency and laxative use were individually assessed.ConclusionsThis study shows a U-shaped association between sleep duration and constipation in patients with type 2 diabetes, and highlights the importance of assessing sleep duration in daily clinical practice

Sex differences in cardiovascular risk, lifestyle, and psychological factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Fukuoka Diabetes Registry

Abstract Background The excess risk of cardiovascular diseases associated with diabetes is greater in women than in men. The present study aimed to examine sex differences in the control of cardiovascular risk factors, as well as lifestyle and psychological factors, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 4923 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes were included in this cross-sectional study. Female/male differences in cardiovascular risk factor levels, and corresponding odds ratios for achieving recommended ranges for preventing cardiovascular diseases and having unhealthy lifestyle and psychological factors were computed by linear and logistic regression models. Results Women were less likely than men to achieve recommended ranges for glycated hemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and obesity-related anthropometric indices such as body mass index and waist circumference, but were more likely than men to be on target for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Women were also more likely than men to have an unhealthy lifestyle and psychological factors, including less dietary fiber intake, less leisure-time physical activity, shorter sleep duration, more constipation, and more depressive symptoms. Similar findings were observed when the participants were subgrouped by age (< 65 and ≥ 65 years) and past history of cardiovascular disease. Conclusions We observed significant sex differences for a range of cardiovascular risk factors, as well as lifestyle and psychological factors, suggesting the importance of adopting a sex-specific approach for the daily clinical management of diabetes

Augmentation Index in CAD

Background: Augmentation index (AI) has been used as a clinical index of arterial stiffness and has been reported to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, but some investigators have reported that AI is not a useful marker to identify coronary artery disease (CAD) in elderly patients. The majority of CAD patients are elderly people, therefore the aim of this study was to examine whether AI is a useful marker to identify the risk of CAD. Methods and Results: A total of 120 patients (69±10 years of age; 83 male) who underwent cardiac catheterization for suspected CAD were enrolled. Invasive central blood pressure (BP) was measured using a fluid-filled catheter. Non-invasive AI was calculated by the SphygmoCor (AtCor Medical) system at the end of catheterization. Subjects consisted of 99 patients with CAD and 21 patients without CAD. There was no significant difference in AI between the CAD and the non-CAD groups (24±10 vs. 24±14%). Non-invasive systolic central BP was lower than the invasive systolic central BP (115±18 vs. 130±23 mmHg, P<0.001) in all patients. Non-invasive diastolic central BP was greater than the invasive diastolic central BP (67±10 vs. 63±10 mmHg, P<0.001). Conclusions: In elderly patients, AI may not be a useful marker to identify CAD