La donazione di organi. Una domanda di salute tra efficienza di sistema e solidariet\ue0 individuale e collettiva

Questo articolo presenta una ricerca sulla donazione e trapianto di organo proveniente da paziente in morte encefalica, evidenziando le differenze tra contesti regionali e alcune realt\ue0 specifiche del territorio regionale ligure e formula alcune ipotesi esplicative delle differenze rilevate. Lo studio analizza il funzionamento del sistema su indicatori di processo e di risultato per tentare di comprendere e modellizzare il ruolo giocato dai contesti nello spiegare le differenze. Sono stati analizzati i dati provenienti dal sistema informativo per quantificare gli indicatori e interviste con testimoni qualificati per interpretare l\u2019evidenza emersa dai dati

\u201cNon \ue8 diverso da te\u201d. Una proposta di sensibilizzazione degli adolescenti al tema della salute mentale

L'articolo presenta un'esperienza di formazione e sensibilizzazione di studenti delle scuole superiori al tema della salute mentale e alcuni dei risultati della ricerca condotta in parallelo con i giovani per conoscere le loro opinioni sul tema prima e dopo la partecipazione a tale attivit\ue0

Frailty trajectories in community-dwelling older adults during COVID-19 pandemic: The PRESTIGE study

Background Frailty has been recognized as potential surrogate of biological age and relevant risk factor for COVID-19 severity. Thus, it is important to explore the frailty trajectories during COVID-19 pandemic and understand how COVID-19 directly and indirectly impacts on frailty condition. Methods We enrolled 217 community-dwelling older adults with available information on frailty condition as assessed by multidimensional frailty model both at baseline and at one-year follow-up using Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI) tools. Pre-frail/frail subjects were identified at baseline as those with MPI score >0.33 (MPI grades 2-3). Frailty worsening was defined by MPI difference between 12 months follow-up and baseline >= 0.1. Multivariable logistic regression was modelled to identify predictors of worsening of frailty condition. Results Frailer subjects at baseline (MPI grades 2-3 = 48.4%) were older, more frequently female and had higher rates of hospitalization and Sars-CoV-2 infection compared to robust ones (MPI grade 1). Having MPI grades 2-3 at baseline was associated with higher risk of further worsening of frailty condition (adjusted odd ratio (aOR): 13.60, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.01-46.09), independently by age, gender and Sars-CoV-2 infection. Specifically, frail subjects without COVID-19 (aOR: 14.84, 95% CI: 4.26-51.74) as well as those with COVID-19 (aOR: 12.77, 95% CI: 2.66-61.40, p = 0.001) had significantly higher risk of worsening of frailty condition. Conclusions Effects of COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling frailer individuals are far beyond the mere infection and disease, determining a significant deterioration of frailty status both in infected and non-infected subjects

La visita all\u2019Acquario di Genova: definizione di un indice di efficacia educativa

This paper illustrates an evaluative research process, committed by the Genoa Aquarium and developed by the Department of Anthropological Sciences, aimed at building an index of educational effectiveness of the visit, which allowed the company management to get a synthetic indication of effectiveness and to identify more easily the strengths and weaknesses of the path from the educational point of view. To do this, after a preliminary analysis of the bibliography of reference, the first step was the conceptual clarification of the evaluation object, sought through focus groups and interviews in which managers and operators of the structure were invited to more properly define the educational objectives of the visit. Then questionnaires were constructed and filled in by the visitors before the visit, to ensure that their educational expectations on the visit coincide with the objectives identified by company management, and after the visit, to evaluate its effectiveness. In the final phase the staff structure has been involved in the indicators weighting, allowing to re-evaluate the scores obtained on the different indicators with the administration of questionnaires and to calculate, on a 0-100 scale, an index of educational effectiveness that respects the priorities defined by managers and experts of Genoa Aquarium. The main index strength, thus calculated, is that it reflects the priorities assigned by company management, and on this basis gives a synthetic feedback on the educational effectiveness of the visit. Its intrinsic limit, is that one can not assume the overlap between the priorities assigned to the objectives by managers and operators, on one hand, and the relative priority of user expectations on the other, and this is an important element of uncertainty for the definition of corporate strategies

La valutazione degli esiti occupazionali della formazione professionale attraverso il tasso di occupazione coerente corretto

Il saggio presenta una metodologia per la valutazione dell'apporto effettivo della formazione professionale all'inserimento occupazionale dei format

4 febbraio: una giornata di lotta per 365 giorni di rischio. I numeri del cancro

The author presents some data and estimates about incidence, mortality and prevalence of the oncological diseases, in Italy and around the World, focusing on gender differences and those between countries with different levels of development. After some remarks on the economic and social costs of this plague of our time, are reviewed, along with the biological ones, lifestyles and environmental factors that contribute to the onset of the disease and explain the insistence of the institutions on the fundamental role of prevention. Media campaigns promoted for this purpose are partially effective, because are object of antagonistic pushes of deep-rooted social norms, habits and addictions, marketing and other powerful factors. The author reports some data, representative of economic and political interests tied to the rootedness of behaviors and environmental risk factors that suggest to carefully consider, in addition to the individual level, the structural determinants to be tackled for effective prevention of cancer

Disagio ed esclusione sociale in Provincia di Imperia: alcuni dati di contesto

Il contributo presenta alcune caratteristiche socio-demografiche della provincia di Imperia, con particolare riferimento a immigrazione, educazione e istruzione, occupazione e disoccupazione, rilevanti in relazione ai fenomeni di marginalit\ue0 e esclusione sociale affrontati dal progetto di cui tratta il volume

Salute mentale e inclusione sociale e lavorativa: problemi e prospettive da uno studio di caso

Le riflessioni qui proposte prendono le mosse dalla collaborazione del Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione dell\u2019Universit\ue0 degli Studi di Genova (DISFOR) al progetto \u201cMentealLavoro \u2013 Laboratorialmente\u201d, finanziato dalla Regione Liguria a valere sul Fondo Sociale Europeo e finalizzato all\u2019inclusione sociale e lavorativa di persone con disturbo psichiatrico medio e medio-grave. Dopo alcuni cenni ai riferimenti teorici e all\u2019impostazione metodologica dell\u2019attivit\ue0 svolta, \ue8 proposta una sintesi dei risultati dell\u2019analisi dei bisogni che, in accordo con i partner del progetto, \ue8 stata implementata in prospettiva sistemica, centrando l\u2019attenzione non solo sui bisogni degli utenti inclusi nel progetto, peraltro gi\ue0 noti ai rispettivi operatori di riferimento, quanto sulla attuale strutturazione della rete dei servizi per la salute mentale , sui bisogni cui tale strutturazione consente di dare risposte efficaci e su quelli che, viceversa, sono lasciati in parte insoddisfatti o non adeguatamente coperti. Anche l\u2019attivit\ue0 di monitoraggio e valutazione dei percorsi dei partecipanti al progetto \ue8 stata valorizzata ai fini dell\u2019analisi dei bisogni, includendo approfondimenti atti a comprendere se le attivit\ue0 previste dal progetto fossero consone ai bisogni di questa particolare tipologia di utenza, anche a fronte delle carenze riscontrate nella rete dei servizi

Focus Centro Est

Il saggio analizza i contenuti emersi da un focus group realizzato con operatori sociali relativi al municipio Centro Est del Comune di Genova; sono messi in evidenza punti di forza, punti di debolezza, opportunit\ue0 e minacce del territorio considerato.The essay analyzes the contents that emerged from a focus group with social operators related to the Central East District of the Municipality of Genoa; strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the considered territory are highlighted

Valutare l'inclusione sociale e lavorativa delle persone con disturbo psichiatrico

The aim of this article is to shed light on those processual dimensions of change where to focus public policy analysis and evaluation. The article concerns the evaluation of the policies for the social and labor inclusion of people with psychiatric disorder, an area of intersectoral action that requires the integration of health, social, educational and work policies and the collaboration of the private companies and the Third Sector. After recalling some key reference concepts and have presented some results of the evaluative research activities carried out in the framework of a project funded in this area by the European Social Fund, the Author proposes the reconstruction of a program theory for the evaluation of such interventions