13,777 research outputs found

    The course of the cystic artery during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

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    Proper recognition of the particular structures that form the triangle of Calot is essential for the proper and safe performance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Proper recognition, ligation, and cut of the cystic duct and cystic artery with branches (dorsal and ventral) remain an integral condition for the removal of the gallbladder. Calot’s triangle, as an orientation structure, determines the most common location of the cystic artery. The triangle of Calot is one of the most variable regions of the abdomen in terms of anatomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate how important for surgery is the detailed anatomical recognition of the main branches of the cystic artery in Calot’s triangle during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Relations of the main branches of the cystic artery were evaluated in 88 patients that underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the Department of General Surgery of the District Specialistic Hospital of Lublin. The anatomical relations of cystic duct and artery were classified into typical and variant types. Significantly more frequently variants of cystic artery were observed in women. However, the time of the procedure was not significantly related with the type of cystic artery

    Evaluación agroindustrial de los aceites esenciales de algunas plantas aromáticas en condiciones del valle del cauca

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    La composición química del aceite esencial obtenido a partir de las hojas de varias plantas aromáticas en condiciones del Valle del Cauca, fue analizada mediante GC/MS. Los compuestos químicos más representativos fueron la Elemicina (40.11 por ciento) en Artemisia dracunculus Linn, el ß-Himachaleno (53.98 por ciento) en Franseria artemisioides Willd, trans-ß-Cariofileno (22.18) en Salvia officinalis Linn, a-Bisabolol (15.79 por ciento) en Lippia dulcis Frev y 1,8- Cineol (Eucaliptol) (23.34 por ciento) en Occimun americanum Auct. Ex Benth. Las propiedades físicas fueron congruentes con la presencia de los compuestos químicos encontrados. Todos los aceites esenciales presentaron usos agroindustriales potenciales, variando estos de acuerdo a la especie y a sus componentes

    Evaluación agroindustrial de los aceites esenciales de algunas plantas aromáticas en condiciones del valle del cauca

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    La composición química del aceite esencial obtenido a partir de las hojas de varias plantas aromáticas en condiciones del Valle del Cauca, fue analizada mediante GC/MS. Los compuestos químicos más representativos fueron la Elemicina (40.11 por ciento) en Artemisia dracunculus Linn, el ß-Himachaleno (53.98 por ciento) en Franseria artemisioides Willd, trans-ß-Cariofileno (22.18) en Salvia officinalis Linn, a-Bisabolol (15.79 por ciento) en Lippia dulcis Frev y 1,8- Cineol (Eucaliptol) (23.34 por ciento) en Occimun americanum Auct. Ex Benth. Las propiedades físicas fueron congruentes con la presencia de los compuestos químicos encontrados. Todos los aceites esenciales presentaron usos agroindustriales potenciales, variando estos de acuerdo a la especie y a sus componentes

    The Low Redshift survey at Calar Alto (LoRCA)

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    The Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) feature in the power spectrum of galaxies provides a standard ruler to measure the accelerated expansion of the Universe. To extract all available information about dark energy, it is necessary to measure a standard ruler in the local, z<0.2, universe where dark energy dominates most the energy density of the Universe. Though the volume available in the local universe is limited, it is just big enough to measure accurately the long 100 Mpc/h wave-mode of the BAO. Using cosmological N-body simulations and approximate methods based on Lagrangian perturbation theory, we construct a suite of a thousand light-cones to evaluate the precision at which one can measure the BAO standard ruler in the local universe. We find that using the most massive galaxies on the full sky (34,000 sq. deg.), i.e. a K(2MASS)<14 magnitude-limited sample, one can measure the BAO scale up to a precision of 4\% and 1.2\% using reconstruction). We also find that such a survey would help to detect the dynamics of dark energy.Therefore, we propose a 3-year long observational project, named the Low Redshift survey at Calar Alto (LoRCA), to observe spectroscopically about 200,000 galaxies in the northern sky to contribute to the construction of aforementioned galaxy sample. The suite of light-cones is made available to the public.Comment: 15 pages. Accepted in MNRAS. Please visit our website: http://lorca-survey.ft.uam.es

    An XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL view on the hard state of EXO 1745-248 during its 2015 outburst

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    CONTEXT - Transient low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) often show outbursts lasting typically a few-weeks and characterized by a high X-ray luminosity (Lx10361038L_{x} \approx 10^{36}-10^{38} erg/sec), while for most of the time they are found in X-ray quiescence (LX10311033L_X\approx10^{31} -10^{33} erg/sec). EXO 1745-248 is one of them. AIMS - The broad-band coverage, and the sensitivity of instrument on board of {\xmm} and {\igr}, offers the opportunity to characterize the hard X-ray spectrum during {\exo} outburst. METHODS - In this paper we report on quasi-simultaneous {\xmm} and {\igr} observations of the X-ray transient {\exo} located in the globular cluster Terzan 5, performed ten days after the beginning of the outburst (on 2015 March 16th) shown by the source between March and June 2015. The source was caught in a hard state, emitting a 0.8-100 keV luminosity of 1037\simeq10^{37}~{\lumcgs}. RESULTS - The spectral continuum was dominated by thermal Comptonization of seed photons with temperature kTin1.3kT_{in}\simeq1.3 keV, by a cloud with moderate optical depth τ2\tau\simeq2 and electron temperature kTe40kT_e\simeq 40 keV. A weaker soft thermal component at temperature kTth0.6kT_{th}\simeq0.6--0.7 keV and compatible with a fraction of the neutron star radius was also detected. A rich emission line spectrum was observed by the EPIC-pn on-board {\xmm}; features at energies compatible with K-α\alpha transitions of ionized sulfur, argon, calcium and iron were detected, with a broadness compatible with either thermal Compton broadening or Doppler broadening in the inner parts of an accretion disk truncated at 20±620\pm6 gravitational radii from the neutron star. Strikingly, at least one narrow emission line ascribed to neutral or mildly ionized iron is needed to model the prominent emission complex detected between 5.5 and 7.5 keV. (Abridged)Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure, 2 tables. Accepted for publication on A&A (21/03/2017

    The Low Redshift survey at Calar Alto (LoRCA)

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    The Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) feature in the power spectrum of galaxies provides a standard ruler to measure the accelerated expansion of the Universe. To extract all available information about dark energy, it is necessary to measure a standard ruler in the local, z<0.2, universe where dark energy dominates most the energy density of the Universe. Though the volume available in the local universe is limited, it is just big enough to measure accurately the long 100 Mpc/h wave-mode of the BAO. Using cosmological N-body simulations and approximate methods based on Lagrangian perturbation theory, we construct a suite of a thousand light-cones to evaluate the precision at which one can measure the BAO standard ruler in the local universe. We find that using the most massive galaxies on the full sky (34,000 sq. deg.), i.e. a K(2MASS)<14 magnitude-limited sample, one can measure the BAO scale up to a precision of 4\% and 1.2\% using reconstruction). We also find that such a survey would help to detect the dynamics of dark energy.Therefore, we propose a 3-year long observational project, named the Low Redshift survey at Calar Alto (LoRCA), to observe spectroscopically about 200,000 galaxies in the northern sky to contribute to the construction of aforementioned galaxy sample. The suite of light-cones is made available to the public.Comment: 15 pages. Accepted in MNRAS. Please visit our website: http://lorca-survey.ft.uam.es

    Diet-Induced Swine Model with Obesity/Leptin Resistance for the Study of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes

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    The objective of the present study was to determine the suitability of a swine breed with leptin resistance and predisposition to obesity (the Iberian pig) as model for studies on metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Thus, six Iberian sows had ad libitum access to food enriched with saturated fat (SFAD group; food consumption was estimated to be 4.5 kg/animal/day) whilst four females acted as controls and were fed with 2 kg/animal/day of a commercial maintenance diet. After three months of differential feeding, SFAD animals developed central obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance, and elevated blood pressure; the five parameters associated with the metabolic syndrome. Thus, the current study characterizes the Iberian pig as a robust, amenable, and reliable translational model for studies on nutrition-associated diseases

    The Effect of Conservation Agriculture and Environmental Factors on CO2 Emissions in a Rainfed Crop Rotation

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    There are many factors involved in the release of CO2 emissions from the soil, such as the type of soil management, the soil organic matter, the soil temperature and moisture conditions, crop phenological stage, weather conditions, residue management, among others. This study aimed to analyse the influence of these factors and their interactions to determine the emissions by evaluating the environmental cost expressed as the kg of CO2 emitted per kg of production in each of the crops and seasons studied. For this purpose, a field trial was conducted on a farm in Seville (Spain). The study compared Conservation Agriculture, including its three principles (no-tillage, permanent soil cover, and crop rotations), with conventional tillage. Carbon dioxide emissions measured across the four seasons of the experiment showed an increase strongly influenced by rainfall during the vegetative period, in both soil management systems. The results of this study confirm that extreme events of precipitation away from the normal means, result in episodes of high CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. This is very important because one of the consequences for future scenarios of climate change is precisely the increase of extreme episodes of precipitation and periods extremely dry, depending on the area considered. The total of emission values of the different plots of the study show how the soils under the conventional system (tillage) have been emitting 67% more than soils under the conventional agriculture system during the 2010/11 campaign and 25% for the last campaign where the most appreciable differences are observed

    A VLBI study of the wind-wind collision region in the massive multiple HD 167971

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    Context. Colliding winds in massive binaries are able to accelerate particles up to relativistic speeds as the result of the interaction between the winds of the different stellar components. HD 167971 exhibits this phenomenology which makes it a strong radio source. Aims. We aim at characterizing the morphology of the radio emission and its dependence on the orbital motion, traced independently by NIR-interferometry, of the spectroscopic binary and the tertiary component that conforms HD 167971. Methods. We analyze 2006 and 2016 very long baseline interferometric data at C and X bands. We complement our analysis with a geometrical model of the wind-wind collision region, and with an astrometric description of the system. Results. We confirm that the detected non-thermal radio emission is associated with the wind-wind collision region of the spectroscopic binary and the tertiary component in HD 167971. The wind-wind collision region changes orientation in agreement with the orbital motion of the tertiary around the spectroscopic binary. The total intensity also changes between the two observing epochs in a way inversely proportional to the separation between the SB and T, with a negative-steep spectral index typical of an optically thin synchrotron emission possibly steepened by an inverse Compton cooling effect. The wind-wind collision bow-shock shape and its position with respect to the stars indicates that the wind momentum from the spectroscopic binary is stronger than that of the tertiary. Finally, the astrometric solution derived for the stellar system and the wind-wind collision region is consistent with independent Gaia data.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 7 pages, 6 figure
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