Sublimation Drying of Fish Products in the Arctic in the Production of Feed for Farm Animals

Introduction. The article considers biological resources of the Arctic, which is expedient to use in the production of fish meal for feeding farm animals. The aim of the research is to prove the usefulness of a continuously operating two-chamber line for sublimation drying of fish products using natural freezing of fish catch and a cheap source of thermal energy for drying: ethane, propane, butane (waste when cleaning natural gas and petroleum products of local enterprises), as well as microwave energy. Materials and Methods. A continuously operating two-chamber sublimation line is proposed, the chambers of which work alternately: one for the process of sublimation drying, and the other for loading and unloading processed products. The natural freezing of fish and thermal energy for the process of sublimation (drying) from the burning of waste gas are used whenever possible. When there is cheap electricity, it is advisable to use microwave energy for drying that makes it possible to shorten the drying cycle, ensure uniformity and simultaneity of drying the material up to 3–5% humidity without rearranging the trays along the height of the cart. Results. We propose the construction of a two-chamber sublimation line for large lump products and a sublimation unit based on microwave energy, which allows regulating the sublimation drying temperature within specified limits. Discussion and Conclusion. The presented design solutions of a large lump product sublimation drying line and sublimation unit using microwave energy are necessary for designing equipment based on digital technology

« Benefits and risks for Russian industries and individual enterprises from the implementation of trade and economic agreements of the CIS countries»

The CIS countries, or more broadly the former republics of the USSR, are effectively making a choice between European (EU) and Eurasian (EAEU) integration, which leads to certain benefits and risks for all CIS+ countries (including Ukraine and Georgia), especially for Russia. The cases of Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova are of primary interest. Termination of trade and economic cooperation, disruption of value chains, etc. entail a serious threat to industrial development for Russian industries and individual enterprises. Crisis phenomena such as the COVID-19 pandemic, for example, only exacerbate these trends. Great Britain’s departure from the EU (Brexit) at the end of January 2020 is also of research interest. The topics of the post-Soviet countries and their trade and economic cooperation with different countries have been studied by various authors since the collapse of the USSR. In the past ten years, there has been an increase in the activity of studying these problems, in connection with the development of the European Neighborhood Policy on the one hand and Eurasian integration on the other. Research by foreign and domestic authors can be distinguished into the following groups

The Parade of Sovereignties: Establishing the Vocabulary of the New Russian Federalism

On the basis of extensive on-site interviews and documentary sources, the author interprets the dynamics of the collapse of the Soviet Union by analyzing the cascade of sovereignty declarations issued by republics of the USSR as well as by autonomous republics and other subunits of the Russian republic, in 1990-1991. Interrelationships among the declarations, and other putative causes of their content and timing, are explored. A case study of Tatarstan is provided. The study also analyzes the impact of the process on subsequent Russian approaches to federalism