Lawson criterion for ignition exceeded in an inertial fusion experiment

For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion

Beliefs and practices of mothers in the treatment of common illnesses by traditional healers on selected barangays in Indang, Cavite : a correlational study

This study utilized the quantitative, non-experimental, correlational method of research. The respondents of the study were selected mothers who had experienced consulting traditional healers in Indang, Cavite. Self-made questionnaire was distributed to 105 mothers chosen through Snowball sampling. Data was analysed using frequency, percentage, mean, t-test and Pearson’s correlation. The profile of the respondents showed that most of the respondents were 36 to 45 years old, have one (1) to three (3) children, Catholic, have monthly income of P10,000 and below, high school graduates, unemployed, have children who experienced cough, usually get medical care from traditional healer. The respondents\u27 beliefs and practices regarding treatment of common illnesses by traditional healers were both to a high extent. Additionally, both the beliefs and practices of the respondents had no significant difference in the treatment of common illnesses by traditional healers when grouped according to age, number of children, educational attainment, employment status, religion and common illnesses experienced by children. However, a significance difference was seen when the respondents were grouped according to monthly income of family and usual source of medical care. There was a high positive correlation between beliefs and practices of respondents\u27 regarding treatment of common illnesses by traditional healers. It showed that the mothers who have high level of beliefs in the treatment of illnesses by traditional healers will most likely practice the recommended treatment to a high extent

A comparative study on the vitro antimicrobial properties of Psidium guajava leaf extract vs Vancomycin on Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

The research was conducted to investigate antibacterial properties in a methanolic leaf extract of P. guajava against Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and compare it to that of Vancomycin. Leaf extracts were obtained using a methanol solvent and analysis of its phytochemical properties revealed high levels of flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, compounds to which the antibacterial activity of P. guajava was attributed. The P. guajava leaf extract was serially diluted and was tested its antibacterial activity through Agar dilution method. In both methods, all concentrations of the leaf extract failed to show any inhibitory activity against MRSA, indicating resistance of the organism. The absence of antimicrobial activity of the methanol P. guava leaf extracts may be due to the resistance of the clinical strain, inferior effect of leaf extracts compared to stem barks, less flavonoid and phenolic content extracted by the methanol solvent compared to ethanol solvent, and improper storage of the leaf extract. Further research on P. guajava was recommended to investigate its mechanism of action, medical interactions, and pharmacokinetic profile. Moreover, an alternative method was recommended, such as the well-diffusion method