Affective and cognitive empathy as mediators of gender differences in cyber and traditional bullying

Gender differences in bullying behavior among adolescents have been observed, but the reasons for the discrepancy in males' and females' bullying experiences has been the focus of few studies. This study examined the role of the cognitive and affective empathy in explaining gender differences in bullying through multiple mediation analysis. The participants of the study were 795 Turkish adolescents (455 females, 340 males) ranging in age from 13- to 18-years-old. The Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory, Traditional Bullying Questionnaire and Basic Empathy Scale were utilized to gather data from participants. Findings revealed that the total effect of cognitive and affective empathy mediated the gender differences in traditional bullying in addition to the unique effect of affective empathy. However, only the combined effect of affective and cognitive empathy mediated the gender differences in cyberbullying. The findings are discussed in the light of the related literature and implications for practice

RCBI-II: The Second Revision of the Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory

The aim of this study is to update the Turkish version of the Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory (RCBI) and eliminate specific technology names. Validity and reliability tests were carried out with 1,803 high school students. The updated version of the RCBI yields valid and reliable scores measuring cyberbullying and victimization

The Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory (RCBI): validity and reliability studies

The aim of this study is to revise Cyber Bullying Inventory (CBI) and to examine its basic psychometric characteristics. There were two independent samples. First sample consisting of 358 participants (178 female, 178 male, 2 unknown) aged 13-21 (M=16.58; SD=1.42) was used to test preliminary validity and reliability tests. Confirmatory analyses were conducted with the second data set which consisted of 339 participants (220 female, 117 male, 2 unknown) aged 13-21 (M=17.07; SD=1.45). RCBI appears to be a valid and reliable tool which can be utilized safely among Turkish adolescents to investigate the nature and extent of cyber bullying experience

A NEW LIFETIME DISTRIBUTION

The well-known statistical distributions such as Exponential, Weibull and Gamma distributions have been commonly used for analysing the different types of lifetime data. In this paper, following the idea of the extension of T-X family of distributions, we propose a new type of exponential distribution. We define the survival function, the hazard function and the mean time to failure related to this new distribution. Type II censoring procedure is also considered for this distribution. Additionally, stress-strength reliability and the maximum likelihood (ML) estimators of the unknown parameters are obtained. As an application, a real data set is used to show that the proposed distribution gives best fit than the alternative ones

An Analytic Hierarchy Process Contingency Analysis of Factors Affecting the Emigration Decision of Medical Doctors in Turkey

While the importance of explicitly identifying and considering contingent factors such as decision content and context is widely accepted as a way to ensure the validity of the decision analysis for the specific task at hand, few studies include this. This research uses a contingency theoretical approach to study factors affecting the emigration decision of medical doctors (MDs) for the specific case of Turkey. The motivation for conducting this study arises from the observation that the growing trend in emigration among MDs from Turkey is having a significant impact on the country’s healthcare system. Dealing with the emigration of MDs is crucial for ensuring an effective and sustainable healthcare system, especially in terms of the availability of services, satisfaction, and employment of the healthcare staff. Contextual factors were explicitly identified through consultation with experts, while the generic factors were retrieved from the specialized medical migration literature. The Analytic Hierarchy Process method was utilized to prioritize the factors. Seventy-three participants were surveyed about their intention to either study or work abroad. The findings reveal that low remuneration and anxiety about their future due to the political situation in the country constitute the two most important factors driving the decision to emigrate

Examination of Cyberbullying Experiences among Turkish Students from Different School Types

The purpose of this study was to examine the nature of cyberbullying experiences among public and private school students in Turkey. One hundred eighty-three participants between the ages of 14 and 15 were recruited for the study. Participants were asked to respond to questionnaires measuring demographic information, usage frequency of Internet-mediated communication tools (IMCT), and cyberbullying experience (as a victim and as a bully). Participants who reported cyberbullying victimization were also asked how they felt and whether they sought help after such experiences. Results indicated that public school students were more likely than private school students to report being cyberbullies and cybervictims despite that private school students were more likely than public school students to report more frequent usage of IMCT. The findings of the logistic regression analyses indicated that usage frequency of IMCT was a significant predictor of cyberbullying/ victimization for public school students but not for private school students. While victims from private school revealed that they did not mind the cyberbullying experience because they thought it was a joke, victims from public school reported that they felt angry when they experienced cyberbullying. Both public and private schools indicated that friends were their first choice for help

An international study of cyber bullying perception and diffusion among adolescents

The present research aims to address the differences and similarities between the cyber bullying experiences of Italian and Turkish university students. In order to collect comparable data, a quantitative questionnaire has been created and submitted to a sample of 215 Italian (77 male, 138 female) and 122 Turkish (44 male, 76 female, 2 unknown) university students. Descriptive analysis was conducted to illustrate the pattern of information and communication technology (ICT) usage and cyber bullying/victimization experiences among Turkish and Italian university students. The results show similar overall trends in Internet use, cyber bullying and cyber victimization experiences of the two samples while in-depth analysis underline differences in specific behaviors

We-ness Questionnaire: Development and Validation

Perceptions of couple interdependence - partners’ mutual identity - are a key construct in relationship research and couple and family therapy. There is a need for a self-report measure that includes cognitive, emotional, and behavioral facets associated with perceptions of partner’s interdependence or we-ness, given its utility. The present study utilized data from 434 individuals to evaluate the psychometric properties of the We-ness Questionnaire, a multi-item self-report measure assessing perceptions of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral we-ness for individuals in a romantic relationship. Based on a sample of 434 individuals currently in a romantic relationship from the United States, the We-ness Questionnaire was found to have good reliability and showed appropriate convergent and discriminant validity. Implications for future research and couple and family therapy are discussed