104 research outputs found
GeneFormer: Learned Gene Compression using Transformer-based Context Modeling
With the development of gene sequencing technology, an explosive growth of
gene data has been witnessed. And the storage of gene data has become an
important issue. Traditional gene data compression methods rely on general
software like G-zip, which fails to utilize the interrelation of nucleotide
sequence. Recently, many researchers begin to investigate deep learning based
gene data compression method. In this paper, we propose a transformer-based
gene compression method named GeneFormer. Specifically, we first introduce a
modified transformer structure to fully explore the nucleotide sequence
dependency. Then, we propose fixed-length parallel grouping to accelerate the
decoding speed of our autoregressive model. Experimental results on real-world
datasets show that our method saves 29.7% bit rate compared with the
state-of-the-art method, and the decoding speed is significantly faster than
all existing learning-based gene compression methods
ECM-OPCC: Efficient Context Model for Octree-based Point Cloud Compression
Recently, deep learning methods have shown promising results in point cloud
compression. For octree-based point cloud compression, previous works show that
the information of ancestor nodes and sibling nodes are equally important for
predicting current node. However, those works either adopt insufficient context
or bring intolerable decoding complexity (e.g. >600s). To address this problem,
we propose a sufficient yet efficient context model and design an efficient
deep learning codec for point clouds. Specifically, we first propose a
window-constrained multi-group coding strategy to exploit the autoregressive
context while maintaining decoding efficiency. Then, we propose a dual
transformer architecture to utilize the dependency of current node on its
ancestors and siblings. We also propose a random-masking pre-train method to
enhance our model. Experimental results show that our approach achieves
state-of-the-art performance for both lossy and lossless point cloud
compression. Moreover, our multi-group coding strategy saves 98% decoding time
compared with previous octree-based compression method
Flexible Neural Image Compression via Code Editing
Neural image compression (NIC) has outperformed traditional image codecs in
rate-distortion (R-D) performance. However, it usually requires a dedicated
encoder-decoder pair for each point on R-D curve, which greatly hinders its
practical deployment. While some recent works have enabled bitrate control via
conditional coding, they impose strong prior during training and provide
limited flexibility. In this paper we propose Code Editing, a highly flexible
coding method for NIC based on semi-amortized inference and adaptive
quantization. Our work is a new paradigm for variable bitrate NIC. Furthermore,
experimental results show that our method surpasses existing variable-rate
methods, and achieves ROI coding and multi-distortion trade-off with a single
decoder.Comment: NeurIPS 202
Correcting the Sub-optimal Bit Allocation
In this paper, we investigate the problem of bit allocation in Neural Video
Compression (NVC). First, we reveal that a recent bit allocation approach
claimed to be optimal is, in fact, sub-optimal due to its implementation.
Specifically, we find that its sub-optimality lies in the improper application
of semi-amortized variational inference (SAVI) on latent with non-factorized
variational posterior. Then, we show that the corrected version of SAVI on
non-factorized latent requires recursively applying back-propagating through
gradient ascent, based on which we derive the corrected optimal bit allocation
algorithm. Due to the computational in-feasibility of the corrected bit
allocation, we design an efficient approximation to make it practical.
Empirical results show that our proposed correction significantly improves the
incorrect bit allocation in terms of R-D performance and bitrate error, and
outperforms all other bit allocation methods by a large margin. The source code
is provided in the supplementary material
Tracking of Human Arm Based on MEMS Sensors
Abstract. This paper studied the method for motion tracking of arm using triaxial accelerometer, triaxial gyroscope and electronic compass. The motion model of arm is established. The hardware of tracking system of arm is designed. The track method of arm gesture based on multi-sensors data fusion is analyzed. The compensation algorithm for motion accelerations is researched. The experimental results demonstrate that the motion acceleration compensation algorithm is validity, which can improve the dynamic measure precision of arm gesture angle
Conditional Perceptual Quality Preserving Image Compression
We propose conditional perceptual quality, an extension of the perceptual
quality defined in \citet{blau2018perception}, by conditioning it on user
defined information. Specifically, we extend the original perceptual quality
to the conditional perceptual quality
, where is the original image, is the
reconstructed, is side information defined by user and is
divergence. We show that conditional perceptual quality has similar theoretical
properties as rate-distortion-perception trade-off \citep{blau2019rethinking}.
Based on these theoretical results, we propose an optimal framework for
conditional perceptual quality preserving compression. Experimental results
show that our codec successfully maintains high perceptual quality and semantic
quality at all bitrate. Besides, by providing a lowerbound of common randomness
required, we settle the previous arguments on whether randomness should be
incorporated into generator for (conditional) perceptual quality compression.
The source code is provided in supplementary material
A ROP GTPase-Dependent Auxin Signaling Pathway Regulates the Subcellular Distribution of PIN2 in Arabidopsis Roots
SummaryPIN-FORMED (PIN) protein-mediated auxin polar transport is critically important for development, pattern formation, and morphogenesis in plants. Auxin has been implicated in the regulation of polar auxin transport by inhibiting PIN endocytosis [1, 2], but how auxin regulates this process is poorly understood. Our genetic screen identified the Arabidopsis SPIKE1 (SPK1) gene whose loss-of-function mutations increased lateral root density and retarded gravitropic responses, as do pin2 knockout mutations [3]. SPK1 belongs to the conserved DHR2-Dock family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors [4–6]. The spk1 mutations induced PIN2 internalization that was not suppressed by auxin, as did the loss-of-function mutations for Rho-like GTPase from Plants 6 (ROP6)-GTPase or its effector RIC1. Furthermore, SPK1 was required for auxin induction of ROP6 activation. Our results have established a Rho GTPase-based auxin signaling pathway that maintains PIN2 polar distribution to the plasma membrane via inhibition of its internalization in Arabidopsis roots. Our findings provide new insights into signaling mechanisms that underlie the regulation of the dynamic trafficking of PINs required for long-distance auxin transport and that link auxin signaling to PIN-mediated pattern formation and morphogenesis
Bit Allocation using Optimization
In this paper, we consider the problem of bit allocation in neural video
compression (NVC). Due to the frame reference structure, current NVC methods
using the same R-D (Rate-Distortion) trade-off parameter for all
frames are suboptimal, which brings the need for bit allocation. Unlike
previous methods based on heuristic and empirical R-D models, we propose to
solve this problem by gradient-based optimization. Specifically, we first
propose a continuous bit implementation method based on Semi-Amortized
Variational Inference (SAVI). Then, we propose a pixel-level implicit bit
allocation method using iterative optimization by changing the SAVI target.
Moreover, we derive the precise R-D model based on the differentiable trait of
NVC. And we show the optimality of our method by proofing its equivalence to
the bit allocation with precise R-D model. Experimental results show that our
approach significantly improves NVC methods and outperforms existing bit
allocation methods. Our approach is plug-and-play for all differentiable NVC
methods, and it can be directly adopted on existing pre-trained models
Deep Mouse: An End-to-end Auto-context Refinement Framework for Brain Ventricle and Body Segmentation in Embryonic Mice Ultrasound Volumes
High-frequency ultrasound (HFU) is well suited for imaging embryonic mice due
to its noninvasive and real-time characteristics. However, manual segmentation
of the brain ventricles (BVs) and body requires substantial time and expertise.
This work proposes a novel deep learning based end-to-end auto-context
refinement framework, consisting of two stages. The first stage produces a low
resolution segmentation of the BV and body simultaneously. The resulting
probability map for each object (BV or body) is then used to crop a region of
interest (ROI) around the target object in both the original image and the
probability map to provide context to the refinement segmentation network.
Joint training of the two stages provides significant improvement in Dice
Similarity Coefficient (DSC) over using only the first stage (0.818 to 0.906
for the BV, and 0.919 to 0.934 for the body). The proposed method significantly
reduces the inference time (102.36 to 0.09 s/volume around 1000x faster) while
slightly improves the segmentation accuracy over the previous methods using
slide-window approaches.Comment: Full Paper Submission to ISBI 202
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