Dry Matter Variability and Quality in Some Perspective Populations of some Agrostis Species

Important goals in forage grass breeding are improvement in forage yield and quality. The objective of this study was the examination of dry matter variability of autochtonous populations of three species from the genus Agrostis L. in order to choose the best ones for creating cultivars. Since we have not had domestic cultivars of these species so far, and it is known that they can be used for various purposes like cutting and grazing and having good quality, this research is made reasonable in many ways. The present results refer to the variability of genetic potentiality of the dry matter production in the year of usage. They refer to the basic parameters of quality on the chosen families originating from 14 populations of colonial bentgrass, Agrostis capillaris L., 22 populations creeping bentgrass, Agrostis stolonifera L. and 7 families originating from redtop, Agrostis gigantea Roth. With all the three species, the most productive family, with statistically significant higher yield, present the initial material for creating the first cultivars in our country

Inbreeding of Some Populations in the Genus Agrostis L.

This work presents some properties on produced inbred lines of the 5 best populations of 4 species of Agrostis for breeding purposes. The cultivars of forage grasses should meet a given aim for selection, which is the increasing dry matter and quality. The populations used in this research were the best ones for morphological and productive properties from a previous study. By the process of selfing there have been produced S1 offsprings which appeared to be quite superior in relation to open pollinated offspring from the mother plants. The obtained results were processed by multiple range regression analyses. According to the regression coefficient the inheritance of phenotype value of parental plants and the obtained offsprings after the selfing, and the properties like height of plant, tillering, number of vegetative and generative shoots, and dry matter yield for each plant has been determined. The selfed seed setting was quite satisfactory and it did not exppressed a very significant depression. Since the results relating to the inbred plants do not show inbreeding depression, process of selection and creating new cultivars should be continued for these species

CALCULATION OF COSTS AND ECONOMIC RESULTS OF RAINBOW PRODUCTION ON THE BASIS OF DIRECTCOSTING METHOD

This paper is dealing with microeconomic aspects of the rainbow trout production. Although this production is in expansion in Serbia in recent years, it is evident an absence of proper recording, planning and analyzing of economic results and costs in the enterprises and farms dealing with aquaculture. In this paper it is shown one of the possible methodological ways for recording and calculating the economic parameters in this production. Through utilization of direct-costing method i.e. calculation which takes in account only direct and proportional variable costs of production, the economic parameters on one fish farm could be recorded and calculated in one relatively easy and quick way. The direct-costing calculations could be very useful managerial instrument for economic decision-making both in rainbow trout production and in other kind of aquaculture

The Reform and Development of Chinese Agribusiness Enterprises

In the early 1950s it was accepted in China the Soviet model of socialist economic system with highly centralized planning economic management system. This model has been implemented until 197S, when the Government of China begun the economic system reform. The three stages of this reform have ill ready been experienced: the first stage (1973-1984) included the rural economic system reform, the second stage (1984-1987) with the urban economic system reform and the third stage ( after 1937) when the political reform has begun. This paper examines the practice of the Chinese reform and development of the enterprises, particularly agribusiness ones

The content and composition of humus in pseudogleys of slopes and plains in South Macva and Pocerina

The scope of this paper was to examine the influence of two subtypes of pseudogley soil (of planes and of slopes) and three different land uses (forest, grassland and arable land) on the content and composition of humus in south Mačva and Pocerina. The humus content was determined by dichromate method, and humus components were measured using the method proposed by Kononova and Belcikova. The studied soils are mostly characterized by low humus content. Humus content is significantly higher in pseudogleys of plains compared to pseudogleys of slopes. Pseudogleys under grass and crops have significantly lower content of humus compared to the pseudogleys under forest. Important characteristic of humus composition of surface horizon is dominant portion of fulvic over humic acids. Pseudogleys of plains have statistically significant higher amount of humic acids. The composition of humus is significantly different in pseudogley under forest compared to pseudogleys under grass and crops: it has more fulvic acids, less humin, and lower Ch:Cf ratio. Changes in pseudogley land use have produced better humus quality.Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje uticaja dva podtipa pseudogleja (ravničarskog i obronačnog) i tri načina korišćenja (šuma, travnjak, njiva) na sadržaj i grupno-frakcioni sastav humusa na području južne Mačve i Pocerine. Ispitivana zemljišta generalno karakteriše uglavnom nizak sadržaj humusa. Statistički značajno je sadržaj humusa veći u ravničarskom podtipu pseudogleja u poređenju sa obronačnim. U pseudogleju pod travnom vegetacijom i na obradivim površinama došlo je do statistički značajnog smanjenja sadržaja humusa u poređenju sa pseudoglejom pod šumom. Bitna karakteristika grupno-frakcionog sastava humusa površinskog horizonta je dominacija fulvo nad huminskim kiselinama. Ravničarski pseudoglej sadrži statistički značajno više huminskih kiselina. Sastav humusa se značajno razlikuje u pseudogleju pod šumom u poređenju sa pseudoglejom pod travom i njivom: sadrži više fulvo kiselina, a manje humina i ima uži Ch:Cf odnos. Promena načina korišćenja pseudogleja dovela je do poboljšanja osobina humusa, odnosno donekle dovela do stabilizacije humusa i umanjila njegove inače veoma loše osobine

Radiolytic synthesis of Ag-poly(BIS-co-HEMA-co-IA) nanocomposites

Ag-poy(BIS-co-HEMA-co-IA) nanocomposites are prepared via in situ reduction of silver salt embedded in swollen polymer gels by employing gamma irradiation. Hydrogels based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, itaconic acid and four types of poly(alkylene glycol) acrylate or methacrylate (Bisomers) were previously prepared using gamma irradiation. The nanocomposites are characterized by using UV-vis, swelling measurements and thermal analysis. Evolution of plasmon absorption detected by UV-vis spectro photometry indicated generation of Ag nanoparticles in polymer hydrogels. Altering the structure of the hydrogels did not lead to alternation of the position of the absorption maximum. The bulk property of equilibrium swelling is dependent on the presence of the Ag nanostructures. The initial thermal stability of the polymer is slightly increased due to presence of silver as nanofiller. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.11th Tihany Symposium on Radiation Chemistry, Aug 26-31, 2006, Eger, Hungar

Overview of consumer research in Western Balkan countries

A set of 205 publications from Western Balkan countries was gathered and systematically ordered as an action of the EU project ‘Focus Balkans – Food Consumer Sciences in the Balkans’. Six country reports provided the base data. Methodologically, publications were split up by the use of primary or secondary data or both, as well as being a qualitative or quantitative study. Qua research concept focus on the individual (human being), on the environment or on the product itself was analysed. As research tools interviews, focus groups and experiments as well as surveys, questionnaires and on-line panel data were considered. There is in general a lack of primary data, and a disproportion between qualitative and quantitative studies in favour of quantitative in the WBC. The majority of publications gathered were ‘environment’ oriented. There is somewhat less focus on fruit than on other product groups, being organic, traditional and health claimed. Use of interviews and written questionnaires is by far the most popular. On-line panels are not yet utilized. A study of keywords listed gave quite a useful and objective impression concerning the emphasis on different topics in the various WBC publications under consideration. The keywords indicate a focus on ‘market’ and ‘marketing’ research in most countries. Consumer ‘behaviour’ and ‘attitude’ are less listed as a main keyword, while, remarkably, ‘obesity’ as concept is hardly mentioned. It was noted that the ‘house’ of scientific expertise in this field has, perhaps, a poor foundation, while ‘the pillars behind consumer science’ are not interrelated and fastened together. Indeed, a multidisciplinary approach is rare. There is also a lack of interaction with the international community. By far the most publications are published in the local languages and nearly all are written by local authors. Some of the countries conclude that there is a huge knowledge gap on food consumers’ science and that should be used as a stimulus for developing further research and knowledge transfer in this field

Synthesis and characterization of silver/poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) hydrogel nanocomposite obtained by in situ radiolytic method

This work describes radiolytic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) within the poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) hydrogel. The hydrogel matrix was obtained by gamma irradiation-induced cross-linking, while the in situ reduction of Ag(+) ions was performed using strong reducing species formed under water radiolysis. Absorption spectrum of the Ag/PVP nanocomposite confirmed the formation of Ag NPs, showing the surface plasmon band maxima at 405 nm. Ag/PVP nanocomposites were characterized by XRD and TEM analysis, accompanied with investigations of swelling and diffusion properties in the simulated body fluid at 37 degrees C, and mechanical properties in bioreactor conditions. It was shown that Ag/PVP nanocomposite exhibited higher values of equilibrium swelling degree, Youngs modulus, and molar mass between crosslinks, while lower values of the diffusion coefficient and effective crosslink density were obtained, as compared to the pure PVP. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Exposure to Stress and Burnout Syndrome in Healthcare Workers, Expert Workers, Professional Associates, and Associates in Social Service Institutions

Background and Objectives: Workplace burnout syndrome is often as sociated with particular aspects of certain job positions, especially those that entail working with people with special needs. The burnout syndrome in healthcare jobs is a serious problem that has grown into an epidemic among healthcare workers and associates. The aim of this research is to assess the presence of stress and burnout syndrome at work with healthcare workers, expert workers, professional associates, and associates in social service institutions in Belgrade. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted in the form of a cross-sectional study of a representative sample in social institutions in Belgrade. It was conducted from March to the end of June of 2023. The sample of the study had 491 participants. The questionnaires used were a structured instrument with social–demographic and social–economic characteristics, workplace characteristics, lifestyle characteristics, and the following questionnaires: DASS-21, Copenhagen, Brief Resilience Scale, and Brief Resilient Coping Scale. Results: The end results indicate the following to be significant risk factors for the occurrence of workplace burnout syndrome: overtime (OR = 2.62; CI = 1.50–4.56), BRS average score (OR = 0.28; CI = 0.17–0.44), DASS21 D heightened depression (OR = 2.09; CI = 1.1–4.04), DASS21 A heightened anxiety (OR = 2.38; CI = 1.34–4.21), and DASS21 S heightened stress (OR = 2.08; CI = 1.11–3.89). The only protective risk factor that stood out was the self-assessment of health levels (OR = 0.60; CI = 0.42–0.85). Conclusion: Overtime is a significant factor associated with workplace burnout. Apart from it, other significant factors associated with workplace burnout were heightened depression, anxiety, and stress levels