Part-Time Work in Chile

This article discusses the evolution and determinants of part-time work in Chile. It tests some hypotheses found in the international literature, to determine whether part-time work is precarious, whether hourly payment is smaller, and whether it constitutes a step toward full-time employment. Evidence is found that part-time work is mostly feminine, and can be precarious in that it can be less stable and more informal. However, hourly wage is slightly higher than in full-time jobs. This gap is examined through a decomposition of Oaxaca, which reveals that wage differences cannot be explained by observable factors. It concludes with a Markov chain analysis using the Casen surveys to determine whether part-time jobs are a transition to full-time jobs, and also steady-state part-time participation is projected, as are long-term participation and employment rates. The results show that, given the current dynamics, the relative share of part-time work over total employment will remain stable, and labor participation will attain the level of developed economies in no less than 25 years.

Tournaments, gift exchanges, and the effect of monetary incentives for teachers: the case of Chile

In this paper we evaluate the introduction of monetary incentives for teachers, based on a school performance tournament in Chile. We evaluate the tournament effect, i.e. the effect of introducing the incentive scheme on all participant schools: winners and losers. We also evaluate the effect of winning the tournament on next period school performance that we call the gift-exchange effect. Matching and Regression Discontinuity techniques are used to identify both treatment effects. The results indicate a positive and significant tournament effect and a positive but nonsignificant gift-exchange effect.