Newfoundland : as it was, and as it is in 1877

Toque wrote this history of the people of Newfoundland "to show British and American reader that Newfoundland is something more than a mere fishing station, as well as to make Newfoundlanders themselves better acquainted with their own country" (preface).Includes bibliographical references

Wandering thoughts, or solitary hours

Tocque wrote Wandering Thoughts while residing on the northern coast of Newfoundland, and mingled his own observations with material drawn from other writers. Covering a myriad of subjects he is in turn a naturalist, historian and teacher of science. Tocque's purpose was "to afford instruction and entertainment to the youth of his native country, Newfoundland, and more especially to those classes whose means of information are somewhat limited, viz. the young fisherman and mechanic" (Preface)

A peep at Uncle Sam's farm, workshop, fisheries, &c.

A native Newfoundlander, Tocque arrived in Boston in 1849 to further his prospects. Much impressed, he recorded his own observations and added additional material from various sources, having as his goal to make his fellow Newfoundlanders more acquainted with the United States. Concentrating on the state of Massachusetts, Tocque discusses the agricultural, commerical and industrial activities carried out in New England. Includes numerous other facts and statistics on the United States in general

Kaleidoscope echoes : being historical, philosophical, scientific and theological sketches from the miscellaneous writings of the Rev. Philip Tocque

An eclectic collection of stories, reminiscences, and musings of Rev. Philip Toque, an Anglican minister from Newfoundland edited by the minister's daughter Annie. Topics included range from religion and Christian life to the press and personal debt. References to Newfoundland are plentiful throughout the book, and several chapters are devoted entirely to the province. Toque considers Newfoundland an ideal place to use as a health spa, and goes to great lengths to describe it as such to readers (p. 108-125). Other subjects include the fishery, mining, and agriculture

Influence of socio-demographic factors on distances travelled to access HIV services: enhanced surveillance of HIV patients in north west England

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Patient choice and access to health care is compromised by many barriers including travel distance. Individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can seek free specialist care in Britain, without a referral, providing flexible access to care services. Willingness to travel beyond local services for preferred care has funding and service implications. Data from an enhanced HIV surveillance system were used to explore geodemographic and clinical factors associated with accessing treatment services.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We extracted data on the location, type and frequency of care services utilized by HIV positive persons (n = 3983) accessing treatment in north west England between January 1^st2005 and June 30^th2006. Individuals were allocated a deprivation score and grouped by urban/rural residence, and distance to care services was calculated. Analysis identified independent predictors of distance travelled (general linear modelling) and, for those bypassing their nearest clinic, the probability of accessing a specialist service (logistic regression, SPSS ver 14). Inter-relationships between variables and distance travelled were visualised using detrended correspondence analysis (PC-ORD ver 4.1).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>HIV infected persons travelled an average of 4.8 km (95% confidence intervals (CI) 4.6–4.9) per trip and had on average 6 visits (95% CI 5.9–6.2) annually for care. Longer trips were made by males (4.8 km vs 4.5 km), white people (6.2 km), the young (>15 years, 6.8 km) and elderly (60+ years, 6.3 km), those on multiple therapy (5.3 km vs 4.0 km), and the more affluent living in rural areas (16.1 km, P < 0.05). Half the individuals bypassed their nearest clinic to visit a more distant facility, and this was associated with being aged under 20 years, multiple therapy, being a male infected by sex between men, relative wealth, and living in rural areas (P < 0.05). Of those bypassing local facilities, poorer people were more likely to access a specialist centre but did not have as far to travel to do so (3.6 km) compared to those from less deprived areas (8.6 km).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Distance travelled, and type of HIV services used, were associated with socioeconomic status, even after accounting for ethnicity, route of infection and age. Thus despite offering an 'equitable' service, travel costs may advantage those with higher income.</p