Technological and technical solutions to the problem of soil compaction and depletion in the system of precision farming in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan

In this work have considered the problems of soil compaction and the main nutrition ofplant in the system ofprecision farming in the conditions of the main grain-sowing regions of Northern Kazakhstan. The specific examples show the condition of the soil, the level of their supply with nitrogen and phosphorus. Technological and technical solutions are proposed for the differentiated use of basic doses of mineral fertilizers and soil decompression. В данной работе рассмотрены проблемы уплотнения почвы и основного питания растений в системе точного земледелия в условиях основных зерносеющих районов Северного Казахстана. Конкретные примеры показывают состояние почв, уровень их обеспеченности азотом и фосфором. Предложены технологические и технические решения для дифференцированного использования основных доз минеральных удобрений и декомпрессии почвы

Mathematical Modelling and Designing of a Universal Conical Spreader for Granular Material

A universal conical spreader for uniform distribution of granular fertilizers and seeds of grain crops, grasses is proposed. The developed universal conical spreader is designed for subsurface application of above-mentioned granular materials using seed drills and can be used as a passive distributor in a wide variety of applications. The methods of theoretical mechanics and descriptive geometry, particularly the method of replacement of projection plane have been applied to arrive at the design of the cone – the shape of conical spreader. A parametric equation was derived for the truncated part of the cone, which is an ellipse. The unique design of the cone-shaped distributor has a truncating form in the direction transverse to the movement of the seeder. In order to determine the interval of variability of spreader parameters more precisely, an analysis was carried out using a Mathcad-15 software. The results of theoretical research were confirmed in the laboratory and field conditions. The width of seed distribution, uniformity, and stability of distribution were studied to arrive at the most effective cone distributor design. The smallest values of non-uniformity and instability of material distribution of experimental coulter are reached at the values of factors D = 117–119 mm, h = 17–18 mm, and H = 32–35 mm