Detection of Synergistic Hemolysis Between Vibrio Cholerae Non-o1 and Staphylococcal Beta-lysin with Modified Camp Test

Suatu hemolisis sinergistik pada lempeng agar darah domba diperlihatkan oleh Vibrio cholerae non-O1 dengan beta-lisin dari stafilokok. Sebanyak 167 galur (strains) non-Ol yang diuji dengan metode modifikasi CAMP menunjukkan suatu gambaran hemolisis berupa bulan sabit yang tipis; sedangkan V. cholerae biotipe El Tor dan biotipe klasik yang digunakan sebagai galur kontrol memperlihatkan reaksi CAMP berupa gambaran seperti sosis untuk biotipe El Tor dan negatif untuk biotipe klasik

Shigella spp. surveillance in Indonesia: the emergence or reemergence of S. dysenteriae.

From June 1998 through November 1999, Shigella spp. were isolated in 5% of samples from 3,848 children and adults with severe diarrheal illness in hospitals throughout Indonesia. S. dysenteriae has reemerged in Bali, Kalimantan, and Batam and was detected in Jakarta after a hiatus of 15 years

Audit of antibiotic prescribing in two governmental teaching hospitals in Indonesia.

Contains fulltext : 70009.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)This article estimates the magnitude and quality of antibiotic prescribing in Indonesian hospitals and aims to identify demographic, socio-economic, disease-related and healthcare-related determinants of use. An audit on antibiotic use of patients hospitalized for 5 days or more was conducted in two teaching hospitals (A and B) in Java. Data were collected by review of records on the day of discharge. The method was validated through concurrent data collection in Hospital A. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine variables to explain antibiotic prescribing. Prescriptions were assessed by three reviewers using standardized criteria. A high proportion (84%) of 999 patients (499 in Hospital A and 500 in Hospital B) received an antibiotic. Prescriptions could be categorized as therapeutic (53%) or prophylactic (15%), but for 32% the indication was unclear. Aminopenicillins accounted for 54%, and cephalosporins (mostly third generation) for 17%. The average level of antibiotic use amounted to 39 DDD/100 patient-days. Validation revealed that 30% of the volume could be underestimated due to incompleteness of the records. Predictors of antibiotic use were diagnosis of infection, stay in surgical or paediatric departments, low-cost nursing care, and urban residence. Only 21% of prescriptions were considered to be definitely appropriate; 15% were inappropriate regarding choice, dosage or duration, and 42% of prescriptions, many for surgical prophylaxis and fever without diagnosis of infection, were deemed to be unnecessary. Agreement among assessors was low (kappa coefficients 0.13-0.14). Despite methodological limitations, recommendations could be made to address the need for improving diagnosis, treatment and drug delivery processes in this setting