A Study of Humorous Subtitle Translation of the Big Bang Theory From the Perspective of the Translation Variation Theory

Under the background of economic globalization, British and American movies and TV series have become one of the important ways of cultural exchange and communication between China and the west, and subtitle translation also plays an increasingly important role in cross-cultural communication. Taking the American sitcom "the Big Bang Theory" as an example, its language is characterized by humor and personality. This paper first summarizes the characteristics of subtitle translation of sitcoms, then analyzes the types of humor translation from three aspects: general humor, cultural humor and linguistic humor, and then analyzes the specific examples of "addition, subtraction, compilation and modification" to investigate the guiding role of translation variation theory in subtitle translation

Transparent Conductive Oxide Layer and Hole Selective Layer Free Back-Contacted Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cell

Back-contacted architectures have been under intensive investigation for that transparent conductive oxide (TCO) less solar cells (SCs) can be easily realized which avoid the transmission loss of light caused by TCO, typically comprised in conventional solar cells. Here, network-like porous Ti was first utilized as the back-contacted electrode, and a new design allows for a novel back-contacted hybrid perovskite SC without TCO and hole selective layer, which shows a power output of 3.88% with long-term stability. In addition, it avoids limit available collection area of electrodes in the recent reported interdigitated electrode (IDE) based back-contacted TCO-less SCs

Dependence of acetate based anti-solvent for high humidity fabrication of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite devices in ambient atmosphere

High-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs) need to be fabricated in the nitrogen-filled glovebox by the atmosphere-controlled crystallization process. However, the use of the glovebox process is of great concern for mass level production of PSCs. In this work, notable efficient CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells can be obtained in high humidity ambient atmosphere (60–70% relative humidity) by using acetate as the antisolvent, in which dependence of methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl acetate on the crystal growth mechanism is discussed. It is explored that acetate screens the sensitive perovskite intermediate phases from water molecules during perovskite film formation and annealing. It is revealed that relatively high vapor pressure and high water solubility of methyl acetate (MA) leads to the formation of highly dense and pinhole free perovskite films guiding to the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.3% with a reduced hysteresis. The devices prepared using MA showed remarkable shelf life stability of more than 80% for 360 h in ambient air condition, when compared to the devices fabricated using other antisolvents with low vapor pressure and low water solubility. Moreover, the PCE was still kept at 15.6% even though 2 vol % deionized water was added in the MA for preparing the perovskite layer

Solution‐Processed Air‐Stable Copper Bismuth Iodide for Photovoltaics

Bismuth‐based solar cells have been under intensive interest as an efficient non‐toxic absorber in photovoltaics. Within this new family of semiconductors, we herein report a new, long‐term stable copper bismuth iodide (CuBiI4). A solutionprocessed method under air atmosphere is used to prepare the material. The adopted HI‐assisted dimethylacetamide (DMA) co‐solvent can completely dissolve CuI and BiI3 powders with high concentration compared with other organic solvents. Moreover, the high vapor pressure of tributyl phosphate, selected for the solvent vapor annealing (SVA), enables complete low‐temperature (≤70°C) film preparation, resulting in a stable, uniform, dense CuBiI4 film. The average grain size increases with the precursor concentration, greatly improving the photoluminescence lifetime and hall mobility; a carrier lifetime of 3.03 ns as well as an appreciable hall mobility of 110 cm2V−1s−1 were obtained. XRD illustrates that the crystal structure is cubic (space group Fd3m) and favored in the [111] direction. Moreover, the photovoltaic performance of CuBiI4 was also investigated. A wide bandgap (2.67 eV) solar cell with 0.82% power conversion efficiency is presented, which exhibits excellent long‐term stability over 1008 h under ambient conditions. This air‐stable material may give an application in future tandem solar cells as a stable short‐wavelength light absorber

U-Limb: A multi-modal, multi-center database on arm motion control in healthy and post-stroke conditions

BACKGROUND: Shedding light on the neuroscientific mechanisms of human upper limb motor control, in both healthy and disease conditions (e.g., after a stroke), can help to devise effective tools for a quantitative evaluation of the impaired conditions, and to properly inform the rehabilitative process. Furthermore, the design and control of mechatronic devices can also benefit from such neuroscientific outcomes, with important implications for assistive and rehabilitation robotics and advanced human-machine interaction. To reach these goals, we believe that an exhaustive data collection on human behavior is a mandatory step. For this reason, we release U-Limb, a large, multi-modal, multi-center data collection on human upper limb movements, with the aim of fostering trans-disciplinary cross-fertilization. CONTRIBUTION: This collection of signals consists of data from 91 able-bodied and 65 post-stroke participants and is organized at 3 levels: (i) upper limb daily living activities, during which kinematic and physiological signals (electromyography, electro-encephalography, and electrocardiography) were recorded; (ii) force-kinematic behavior during precise manipulation tasks with a haptic device; and (iii) brain activity during hand control using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Analysis And Dynamic Dispatch Of Energy Storage Systems In Electricity Markets Under Uncertainty

With the increasing penetration levels of renewable energy resources in power systems, to realize efficient energy management, energy storage systems have become indispensable. This research aims at analyzing the impact of energy storage systems on electricity markets, especially the impact on electricity prices, and developing strategies to dynamically dispatch the available storage resources for energy management. Marginal generation units as the generators that determine the system-wide electricity prices are theoretically analyzed in this research. The electricity price of any node in the system is approximately an affine combination of the bidding prices of the marginal generation units if the power losses are ignored and the generation shifting factors are considered constant. By allocating energy storage at a node, the capacity and charge (or discharge) power have an aggregate impact on the change of the price of that node. Based on the analysis, a chance-constrained optimization model has been developed to determine the optimal storage capacities and their allocation in a power system. Unlike common commodities, the generation and consumption of electricity should be balanced all the time. Net power demand may change unanticipatedly, while electrical power generation is not flexible enough to follow the change of demand. A two-settlement system of electricity markets becomes a critical solution to this dilemma. In the whole sale markets, most of the power is balanced in the day-ahead market based on day-ahead prediction, and only a fraction of power is balanced in the real-time market. However, intermittent renewable energy resources are less predictable than traditional load profiles. The day-ahead scheduling is unlikely to compensate very well the net load profiles influenced by renewable energy such as solar or wind in a precautionary manner. In this research, we developed dynamic dispatch strategies for two situations. In the first one, we consider the cooperation between a flexible load and a wind farm, where the flexible load reacts like an energy storage system according to the changes of wind generation. They participate in the whole sale market as well as bilateral transactions out side the market. They determine their selling prices or power levels in a dynamic manner so that to reach an equilibrium of the benefits for both of them. In the second case, we study a power system node that has load and renewable energy resources connecting to it. To mitigate the difference between day-ahead scheduling and real-time dispatch of net power consumption of the node, an energy storage system is installed at the node and the decisions on charge/discharge power are made in a real-time market dynamically. Unlike model predictive control, the long-term performance of the strategy is considered through the Lyapunov optimization technique. The algorithm is simple for application, since it is based only on observed events, and has a provable worst-case performance guarantee. Simulation study cases show that the proposed strategy has a better performance than model predictive control in terms of long term costs, no matter the study case is based on real-world data or artificially created independent identically distributed data

Sub-millimetre accurate human hand kinematics: from surface to skeleton

A highly accurate human hand kinematics model and identification are proposed. The model includes the five digits and the palm arc based on mapping function between surface landmarks and estimated joint centres of rotation. Model identification was experimentally performed using a motion tracking system. The evaluation of the marker position estimation error, which is on sub-millimetre level across all digits, underlines model quality and accuracy. Noticeably, with the development of this model, we were able to improve various modelling assumptions from literature and found a basic linear relationship between surface and skeleton rotational angles.EU/Horizon 2020/SoftPro 688857/E

Simultaneous determination of carbamate and benzoylurea pesticides in vegetables and fruits with QuEChERS method

A QuEChERS high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method for the determination of carbamate and benzoylurea pesticides in vegetables and fruits was established.The recovery rate of pesticide components is between 70.5% and 118.5%,and the relative standard deviation (RSD) is between 2.6% and 9.8%.The detection limit is between 0.02~0.30 mg/kg,meeting the requirements of the national standard for the detection limit.The developed method is rapid,simple,economical and environment-friendly,and is easy to be popularized in local inspection institutions

Learning and Identification of human upper-limb muscle synergies in daily-life tasks with autoencoders

As a pilot study, we present 1)a database that includes 30 daily-life table-top tasks, which were selected within the SoftPro project, and 2)a novel autoencoder-based muscle synergy identification method, whose results indicate an association between synergy space dimensionality and task complexity.European Commission/H2020/688857 SoftPro/E

Dynamics simulation for an upper-limb human-exoskeleton assistance system in a latent-space controlled tool manipulation task

This paper introduces a more complete and complex dynamics simulation tool for an exoskeletal human upper limb assistant system. This heterogeneous simulation model couples the articulated dynamics of a 6 degree-of-freedom (DoF) wearable exoskeleton with an upper-limb human neu-romechanics model of 12 skeletal and 42 muscular DoFs with corresponding controls. Furthermore, the process forces of toolmediated manipulation tasks can be fed into the overall system. This simulation tool can be used for various purposes such as 1) design and evaluation of human-centered exoskeleton controllers 2) evaluating human motor control hypotheses during exoskeleton use and 3) investigating various properties and the performance on exoskeleton systems and manipulation tasks. This framework is used exemplary in designing and implementing a human kinematic latent-space controller for a power drilling manipulation task under exoskeletal assistance.European Commission/H2020/688857 SoftPro/EUAlfred Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach FoundationBMBF/16SV617