2,001 research outputs found
TetraÂaquaÂbisÂ[3-(pyridin-4-yl)benzoato-κN]manganese(II)
In the title compound, [Mn(C12H8NO2)2(H2O)4], the Mn2+ ion lies on a twofold rotation axis and has a distorted N2O4 octaÂhedral coordination geometry formed by four water O atoms in the equatorial plane and two apical pyridyl N atoms. A three-dimensional network is formed in the crystal structure by multiple O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the coordinÂating water molecules and the free carboxylate groups
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Longitudinal survey of microbiome associated with particulate matter in a megacity.
BackgroundWhile the physical and chemical properties of airborne particulate matter (PM) have been extensively studied, their associated microbiome remains largely unexplored. Here, we performed a longitudinal metagenomic survey of 106 samples of airborne PM2.5 and PM10 in Beijing over a period of 6 months in 2012 and 2013, including those from several historically severe smog events.ResultsWe observed that the microbiome composition and functional potential were conserved between PM2.5 and PM10, although considerable temporal variations existed. Among the airborne microorganisms, Propionibacterium acnes, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Lactobacillus amylovorus, and Lactobacillus reuteri dominated, along with several viral species. We further identified an extensive repertoire of genes involved in antibiotic resistance and detoxification, including transporters, transpeptidases, and thioredoxins. Sample stratification based on Air Quality Index (AQI) demonstrated that many microbial species, including those associated with human, dog, and mouse feces, exhibit AQI-dependent incidence dynamics. The phylogenetic and functional diversity of air microbiome is comparable to those of soil and water environments, as its composition likely derives from a wide variety of sources.ConclusionsAirborne particulate matter accommodates rich and dynamic microbial communities, including a range of microbial elements that are associated with potential health consequences
Two hAT transposon genes were transferred from Brassicaceae to broomrapes and are actively expressed in some recipients
A growing body of evidence is pointing to an important role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the evolution of higher plants. However, reports of HGTs of transposable elements (TEs) in plants are still scarce, and only one case is known of a class II transposon horizontally transferred between grasses. To investigate possible TE transfers in dicots, we performed transcriptome screening in the obligate root parasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca (Orobanchaceae), data-mining in the draft genome assemblies of four other Orobanchaceae, gene cloning, gene annotation in species with genomic information, and a molecular phylogenetic analysis. We discovered that the broomrape genera Phelipanche and Orobanche acquired two related nuclear genes (christened BO transposase genes), a new group of the hAT superfamily of class II transposons, from Asian Sisymbrieae or a closely related tribe of Brassicaceae, by HGT. The collinearity of the flanking genes, lack of a classic border structure, and low expression levels suggest that BO transposase genes cannot transpose in Brassicaceae, whereas they are highly expressed in P. aegyptiaca
Solid lipid dispersion of calcitriol with enhanced dissolution and stability
AbstractSolid dispersion of calcitriol with lipophilic surfactants and triglycerides was developed by melt-mixing method to modify the release and enhance stability of the drug. The solid dispersions were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), hot stage polarized optical microscopy (HSPM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and stability studies. The solid dispersion significantly enhanced the stability of calcitriol, which could be attributed to the high antioxidant activity of the solid lipid dispersion. The rapid dissolution rate from the solid dispersion was attributed to the amorphous or solid solution state of drug with improved specific surface area and wettability than the drug crystals. Therefore, solid dispersion of calcitriol with d-a-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) offers a good approach to modify the release and enhance stability of calcitriol. The influence of lipophilic solid dispersion on drug bioavailability needs further investigation
Characterizing the spatial potential of a surface electrode ion trap
The accurate characterization of the spatial potential generated by a planar
electrode in a surface-type Paul trap is of great interest. To achieve this, we
employ a simple yet highly precise parametric expression to describe the
spatial field of a rectangular-shaped electrode. Based on this, an optimization
method is introduced to precisely characterize the axial electric field
intensity created by the powered electrode and the stray field. In contrast to
existing methods, various types of experimental data, such as the equilibrium
position of ions in a linear string, equilibrium positions of single trapped
ions and trap frequencies, are utilized for potential estimation in order to
mitigate systematic errors. This approach offers significant flexibility in
voltage settings for data collection, making it particularly well-suited for
surface electrode traps where ion probe trapping height may vary with casual
voltage settings. In our demonstration, we successfully minimized the
discrepancy between experimental observations and model predictions to an
impressive extent. The relative errors of secular frequencies were suppressed
within 0.5, and the positional error of ions was limited to less than
1.2 m, all surpassing those achieved by existing methodologies.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure
catena-Poly[[aquaÂcopper(II)]-μ2-iminoÂdiacetato-κ4 O,N,O′:O′]
In the title compound, [Cu(C4H5O4)(H2O)]n, the iminoÂdiacetate (ida) ligands link the CuII atoms into polymeric zigzag chains running along [010]. Each CuII ion is five-coordinated in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry by one N and two O atoms from an ida ligand, one O atom from the neighbouring ida ligand and one water O atom. In the crystal, the polymeric chains are held together via interÂmolecular O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds
The Fumigating Activity of Litsea cubeba oil and Citral on Solenopsis invicta
This paper studied the fumigating activity of Litsea cubeba oil and citral on Solenopsis invicta, identified and analyzed the chemical constituents and volatile components of L. cubeba oil via solid-phase microextraction which were then identified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that citral and (z)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diena were the main components of L. cubeba oil, as well as its volatile compounds. According to the experimental results, L. cubeba oil and citral had good fumigating activity on workers, and also had significant inhibition on the walking ability and climbing ability of workers. At the same time, the effects of the two agentia on the fumigating activity and behavioral inhibition of microergate were stronger than those of macroergate. After treating with L. cubeba oil and citral for 24 hours, the walking rate and grasping rate of microergate were both 0 %. The results showed that L. cubeba oil and citral had good control effect on S. invicta
Two DsbA Proteins Are Important for Vibrio parahaemolyticus Pathogenesis
Bacterial pathogens maintain disulfide bonds for protein stability and functions that are required for pathogenesis. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes food-borne gastroenteritis and is also an important opportunistic pathogen of aquatic animals. Two genes encoding the disulfide bond formation protein A, DsbA, are predicted to be encoded in the V. parahaemolyticus genome. DsbA plays an important role in Vibrio cholerae virulence but its role in V. parahaemolyticus is largely unknown. In this study, the activities and functions of the two V. parahaemolyticus DsbA proteins were characterized. The DsbAs affected virulence factor expression at the post-translational level. The protein levels of adhesion factor VpadF (VP1767) and the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) were significantly reduced in the dsbA deletion mutants. V. parahaemolyticus lacking dsbA also showed reduced attachment to Caco-2 cells, decreased β-hemolytic activity, and less toxicity to both zebrafish and HeLa cells. Our findings demonstrate that DsbAs contribute to V. parahaemolyticus pathogenesis
A rare homozygous variant of MC2R gene identified in a Chinese family with familial glucocorticoid deficiency type 1: A case report
BackgroundMelanocortin-2 receptor (MC2R), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, is selectively activated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). variants in MC2R are associated with family glucocorticoid deficiency 1 (FGD1).Case presentationWe first reported a Chinese family with two affected siblings with a homozygotic variant of c.712C>T/p.H238Y in MC2R, presenting with skin hyperpigmentation, hyperbilirubinemia, and tall stature. These individuals showed novel clinical features, including congenital heart defects, not been found in other FGD1 patients.ConclusionsWe reported a Chinese family with affected siblings having a homozygotic variant of c.712C>T/p.H238Y in MC2R.Our report may expand the genetic and clinical spectrum of FGD1
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