Narrow linewidth hybrid InP-TriPleX photonic integrated tunable laser based on silicon nitride micro-ring resonators

Detailed characterization of a hybrid integrated tunable laser based on micro-ring resonators shows a tuning range of 50 nm with ~40 kHz linewidth. The device demonstrates performance comparable with commercial external cavity lasers in 16QAM coherent system

Electromagnetic interference of equipment in power supply networks

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) is defined by the European Directive\ud on EMC as the ‘ability of an equipment or system to function satisfactorily in\ud its electromagnetic environment without producing intolerable electromagnetic\ud disturbances to anything in that environment’. EMC means that equipment, which can be a single device or a system existing of connected devices, shall be\ud designed and manufactured in such a way that:\ud • the electromagnetic disturbance generated by the equipment does not\ud exceed the level above which radio and telecommunications equipment or\ud other equipment cannot operate as intended, and\ud • the equipment has a level of immunity to the electromagnetic disturbance\ud to be expected in its intended use which allows it to operate without\ud unacceptable degradation of its intended use.\ud The area within EMC focusing on the operation of power distribution systems\ud including connected equipment is called Power Quality (PQ). It involves\ud the supply and the use of electrical power and is therefore about the interaction between voltage and current. This thesis studies this interaction for the distribution network inside large user installations. It analyzes conducted interference and models the distribution network including connected equipment. A pragmatic approach is used for the analysis which is to a large extent based on insitu measurements. The modeling approach for equipment is gray box as the modeling is based on the behavior using knowledge of the design

Incoherent Optical Beamformer for ARoF Fronthaul in Mm-Wave 5G/6G Networks

Analog beamforming is a key technology to enable millimeter-wave (mm-wave) mobile communications. Nonetheless, the most widespread beamforming solutions are based on electrical implementation, which is inefficient in terms of power consumption, signal bandwidth, and losses. Optical beamforming is a promising alternative for future mm-wave mobile communications due to its inherent benefits, such as large bandwidth, low cross-talk, and low losses. Optical beamforming networks (OBFN) are an outstanding technique to simultaneously generate and radiate multiple beams in an effective manner. True time delays (TTDs) based on optical waveguides are an attractive solution since they offer constant delay in the spectrum to avoid beam squint and allow highly scalable OBFN implementation. In this work, for the first time to the best of the authors' knowledge, an incoherent 4x4 OBFN based on optical waveguides and capable of simultaneously generating four beams is presented, including a thorough explanation of its operating principles and providing a detailed characterization. The presented OBFN is fabricated on Si3N4 photonic integrated circuit (PIC), and designed for transmission at 27.5 GHz, within the n257 5G band. Furthermore, the building blocks forming the OBFN PIC are deeply explained, providing their corresponding theoretical formulation and key design parameters. The fabricated PIC is exhaustively characterized through all its building blocks, showing in detail the realized measurement procedure. The experimental measures match the design parameters with minimal error, showing the feasibility of fabricating future OBFNs with the same technology and topology for larger antenna arrays. The experimental results corroborate the viability of the presented OBFN architecture as an excellent technology to consider in future mm-wave 5G/6G networks. The contribution of this work paves the road to turn optical beamforming into a mature, scalable, and efficient technology

Characterization of hybrid InP-TriPleX photonic integrated tunable lasers based on silicon nitride (Si3N4/SiO2) micro ring resonators for optical coherent system

We demonstrate detailed characterization results of a hybrid InP-TriPleX photonic integrated tunable laser based on silicon nitride micro ring resonators. A tuning range of 50 nm across the C-band, side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) > 50dB, high output power (~10 dBm), linewidth of <80 kHz across the whole tuning range, and 's switching speed are achieved. The delayed self-heterodyne (DSH) method is used for the linewidth measurement, the lowest linewidth can be achieve is ~35 kHz. The FM noise spectrum is also measured to show the 1/f noise and white noise characterization. Furthermore, the device demonstrates performance comparable with commercial external cavity lasers in 64-QAM coherent system