Inhibitory Effect of CAPE and Kaempferol in Colon Cancer Cell Lines—Possible Implications in New Therapeutic Strategies

Background: Phytochemicals are natural compounds synthesized as secondary metabolites in plants and represent an important source of molecules with therapeutic applications. Attention is accorded to their potential in anti-cancer therapies as single agents or adjuvant treatment. Herby, we evaluated the in vitro effects of a panel of natural compounds with focus on caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and Kaempferol for the treatment of human colon cancer. Methods: We exposed two human colon cancer cell lines, RKO and HCT-116, followed by functional examination of cell viability, cell proliferation and invasion, cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy. Modifications in gene expression were investigated through microarray and detection of existing mutations and finding of new ones was done with the help of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Results: Both CAPE and Kaempferol inhibit cell proliferation, motility and invasion, and stimulate apoptosis and autophagy, concomitant with modifications in coding and noncoding genes’ expression. Moreover, there are pathogenic mutations that are no longer found upon treatment with CAPE and Kaempferol. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that CAPE and Kaempferol have the ability to negatively influence the development and advancement of colon cancer in vitro by specifically altering the cells at the molecular level; this activity can be exploited in possible adjuvant therapies once the optimal dose concentration with minimal side effects but with cancer inhibitory activity is set in vivo

Analysis of tourist satisfaction in tourism supply chain management

This study investigates factors in tourism supply chain management (TSCM) which can influence tourist satisfaction in Isfahan, the leading tourist destination in Iran. Applying a neural network based on intelligent algorithm, the results indicate that factors such as recreation and entertainment, transportation system, tourism attractions, catering services, shopping and accommodation services failed to satisfy international tourists while tourist infrastructure and tourist information factors were quite satisfactory. It seems that TSCM in Isfahan failed to create an integration across heterogeneous sectors. This study contributes to our understanding of how TSCM is working in a mature destination in a developing country, with particular reference to Isfahan