286 research outputs found
Smart filter aided domain adversarial neural network: An unsupervised domain adaptation method for fault diagnosis in noisy industrial scenarios
The application of unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA)-based fault diagnosis
methods has shown significant efficacy in industrial settings, facilitating the
transfer of operational experience and fault signatures between different
operating conditions, different units of a fleet or between simulated and real
data. However, in real industrial scenarios, unknown levels and types of noise
can amplify the difficulty of domain alignment, thus severely affecting the
diagnostic performance of deep learning models. To address this issue, we
propose an UDA method called Smart Filter-Aided Domain Adversarial Neural
Network (SFDANN) for fault diagnosis in noisy industrial scenarios. The
proposed methodology comprises two steps. In the first step, we develop a smart
filter that dynamically enforces similarity between the source and target
domain data in the time-frequency domain. This is achieved by combining a
learnable wavelet packet transform network (LWPT) and a traditional wavelet
packet transform module. In the second step, we input the data reconstructed by
the smart filter into a domain adversarial neural network (DANN). To learn
domain-invariant and discriminative features, the learnable modules of SFDANN
are trained in a unified manner with three objectives: time-frequency feature
proximity, domain alignment, and fault classification. We validate the
effectiveness of the proposed SFDANN method based on two fault diagnosis cases:
one involving fault diagnosis of bearings in noisy environments and another
involving fault diagnosis of slab tracks in a train-track-bridge coupling
vibration system, where the transfer task involves transferring from numerical
simulations to field measurements. Results show that compared to other
representative state of the art UDA methods, SFDANN exhibits superior
performance and remarkable stability
Channel Capacity and Bounds In Mixed Gaussian-Impulsive Noise
Communication systems suffer from the mixed noise consisting of both
non-Gaussian impulsive noise (IN) and white Gaussian noise (WGN) in many
practical applications. However, there is little literature about the channel
capacity under mixed noise. In this paper, we prove the existence of the
capacity under p-th moment constraint and show that there are only finite mass
points in the capacity-achieving distribution. Moreover, we provide lower and
upper capacity bounds with closed forms. It is shown that the lower bounds can
degenerate to the well-known Shannon formula under special scenarios. In
addition, the capacity for specific modulations and the corresponding lower
bounds are discussed. Numerical results reveal that the capacity decreases when
the impulsiveness of the mixed noise becomes dominant and the obtained capacity
bounds are shown to be very tight
Filter-informed Spectral Graph Wavelet Networks for Multiscale Feature Extraction and Intelligent Fault Diagnosis
Intelligent fault diagnosis has been increasingly improved with the evolution
of deep learning (DL) approaches. Recently, the emerging graph neural networks
(GNNs) have also been introduced in the field of fault diagnosis with the goal
to make better use of the inductive bias of the interdependencies between the
different sensor measurements. However, there are some limitations with these
GNN-based fault diagnosis methods. First, they lack the ability to realize
multiscale feature extraction due to the fixed receptive field of GNNs.
Secondly, they eventually encounter the over-smoothing problem with increase of
model depth. Lastly, the extracted features of these GNNs are hard to
understand owing to the black-box nature of GNNs. To address these issues, a
filter-informed spectral graph wavelet network (SGWN) is proposed in this
paper. In SGWN, the spectral graph wavelet convolutional (SGWConv) layer is
established upon the spectral graph wavelet transform, which can decompose a
graph signal into scaling function coefficients and spectral graph wavelet
coefficients. With the help of SGWConv, SGWN is able to prevent the
over-smoothing problem caused by long-range low-pass filtering, by
simultaneously extracting low-pass and band-pass features. Furthermore, to
speed up the computation of SGWN, the scaling kernel function and graph wavelet
kernel function in SGWConv are approximated by the Chebyshev polynomials. The
effectiveness of the proposed SGWN is evaluated on the collected solenoid valve
dataset and aero-engine intershaft bearing dataset. The experimental results
show that SGWN can outperform the comparative methods in both diagnostic
accuracy and the ability to prevent over-smoothing. Moreover, its extracted
features are also interpretable with domain knowledge
Role of DNA Methylation and Adenosine in Ketogenic Diet for Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy: Focus on Epileptogenesis and Associated Comorbidities
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by a long term propensity to produce unprovoked seizures and by the associated comorbidities including neurological, cognitive, psychiatric, and impairment the quality of life. Despite the clinic availability of several novel antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) with different mechanisms of action, more than one-third of patients with epilepsy suffer with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Until now, no AEDs have been proven to confer the efficacy in alteration of disease progression or inhibition of the development of epilepsy. The ketogenic diet, the high-fat, low-carbohydrate composition is an alternative metabolic therapy for epilepsy, especially for children with drug-resistant epilepsy. Recently clinical and experimental results demonstrate its efficacy in ameliorating both seizures and comorbidities associated with epilepsy, such as cognitive/psychiatric concerns for the patients with refractory epilepsy. Of importance, ketogenic diet demonstrates to be a promising disease-modifying or partial antiepileptogenesis therapy for epilepsy. The mechanisms of action of ketogenic diet in epilepsy have been revealed recently, such as epigenetic mechanism for increase the adenosine level in the brain and inhibition of DNA methylation. In the present review, we will focus on the mechanisms of ketogenic diet therapies underlying adenosine system in the prevention of epileptogenesis and disease modification. In addition, we will review the role of ketogenic diet therapy in comorbidities associated epilepsy and the underlying mechanisms of adenosine
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