FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ION-SENSITIVE IN-SITU NASAL GEL OF ZOLMITRIPTAN

In situ gel system is novel drug delivery system in which there is transition of sol to gel on external stimuli like change in pH, temperature or change in ion concentration (sol-gel transition). In the present study various formulations were prepared by using gellan gum as gelling agent and HPMC K100 as controlled or sustained release polymer. All the formulations were evaluated for various parameters like pH, viscosity, drug content, gel strength, mucoadhesive strength and drug release. At minimum concentration of polymer lose their integrity and at maximum concentration stiff gel were formed. At optimized concentration of gelling agent and HPMC K100 showed in situ gelling with all parameter in range. In Vitro release data revealed that the optimized formulation showed controlled and sustained drug release pattern. The optimized formulation also obeyed korsmer Peppas model equation and which showed the release exponent n value 0.765. Thus the ex vivo higher bioavailability can be expected from the optimized formulation.Â

Primary beam effects of radio astronomy antennas -- II. Modelling the MeerKAT L-band beam

After a decade of design and construction, South Africa's SKA-MID precursor MeerKAT has begun its science operations. To make full use of the widefield capability of the array, it is imperative that we have an accurate model of the primary beam of its antennas. We have taken available L-band full-polarization 'astro-holographic' observations of three antennas and a generic electromagnetic simulation and created sparse representations of the beams using principal components and Zernike polynomials. The spectral behaviour of the spatial coefficients has been modelled using discrete cosine transform. We have provided the Zernike-based model over a diameter of 10 deg averaged over the beams of three antennas in an associated software tool (EIDOS) that can be useful in direction-dependent calibration and imaging. The model is more accurate for the diagonal elements of the beam Jones matrix and at lower frequencies. As we get more accurate beam measurements and simulations in the future, especially for the cross-polarization patterns, our pipeline can be used to create more accurate sparse representations of MeerKAT beams.Comment: 16 pages, 18 figures. This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in MNRAS following peer review. The version of record [K. M. B. Asad et al., 2021] is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab10

A Survey on Touch Based Data Transfer Using Cloud

Currently, computer technology is completely based on touch screen technology. Any digital device users want to use touch screen technology for easier and faster way to accomplish their work. Transfer of data and keeping it secure is common issue in digital world, so to achieve different and great method for transferring of data, there is need to focus on simpler way to transfer any type of files between two digital devices. Need to provide users functionality to sharing of file over wireless network by using simple touch gesture as well as to provide secure and effective way of data sharing over cloud. In this paper basic techniques which are utilized for data sharing have been studied well and main objective is to provide easy, secure as well as attractive way for sharing of data between digital devices over cloud. This paper focuses on methodologies and primitives which are being used till now for data transfer system

Emblica Officinalis: A Novel Therapy for Acute Pancreatitis — An Experimental Study

Acute necrotising pancreatitis is associated with an unacceptably high mortality for which no satisfactory remedy exists. Emblica officinalis (E.o.) is a plant prescribed in Ayurveda, the Indian traditional system of medicine, for pancreas-related disorders. This study was carried out to evaluate the protective effect of E.o. against acute necrotising pancreatitis in dogs. Pancreatitis was induced by injecting a mixture of trypsin, bile and blood into the duodenal opening of the pancreatic duct. Twenty eight dogs were divided into 4 groups (n = 6-8 each): GpI–control, GpII–acute pancreatitis, GpIII–sham-operated, GpIV–pretreatment with 28 mg E.o./kg/day for 15 days before inducing pancreatitis. Serum amylase increased from 541.99 ± 129.13 IU/ml to 1592.63 ± 327.83 IU (p<0.02) 2 hrs after the induction of pancreatitis in GpII. The rise in serum amylase in both GpIII and GpIV was not significant. On light microscopic examination, acinar cell damage was less and the total inflammatory score was significantly lower in the E.o. treated group as compared to GpII. Electron microscopy confirmed this and showed an increased amount of smooth, endoplasmic reticulum and small, condensed granules embedded in a vacuole. More studies are needed to explore the clinical potential of E.o. and its mechanism of action

Quantitative Estimation and Validation of Chlorthlidone and Azilsartan Medoximil in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form by using RP-HPLC

The first reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for Stability Indicating of, Azilsartan and chlorthalidone has been developed and validated to be a simple, sensitive, rapid, specific, precise, and accurate method. Chromatographic separation was achieved on Zorbax XBD-C8, 250mm × 4.6mm,5µm.Buffer pH5.5 : Methanol&nbsp; (60:40) as a mobile phase at flow rate of 1 ml/min. UV detection was operated at 234 nm and injection volum was 25 μl.. The proposed method showed good linearity, accuracy, precision and was successfully applied for determination of the drugs in laboratory prepared pharmaceutical dosage forms. Keywords: Azilsartan and chlorthalidone, RP-HPLC, Stability Indicating

Benthic fluxes in a tropical Estuary and their role in the ecosystem

In-situ measurements of benthic fluxes of oxygen and nutrients were made in the subtidal region of the Mandovi estuary during premonsoon and monsoon seasons to understand the role of sediment-water exchange processes in the estuarine ecosystem. The Mandovi estuary is a shallow, highly dynamic, macrotidal estuary which experiences marine condition in the premonsoon season and nearly fresh water condition in the monsoon season. The benthic flux of nutrients exhibited strong seasonality, being higher in the premonsoon compared to the monsoon season which explains the higher ecosystem productivity in the dry season in spite of negligible riverine nutrient input. NH4+ was the major form of released N comprising 70-100% of DIN flux. The benthic respiration rate varied from -98.91 to -35.13 mmol m-2 d-1, NH4+ flux from 5.15 to 0.836 mmol m-2 d-1, NO3- + NO2- from 0.06 to -1.06 mmol m-2 d-1, DIP from 0.12 to 0.23 mmol m-2 d-1 and SiO44- from 5.78 to 0.41 mmol m-2 d-1 between premonsoon to monsoon period. The estuarine sediment acted as a net source of DIN in the premonsoon season, but changed to a net sink in the monsoon season. Variation in salinity seemed to control NH4+ flux considerably. Macrofaunal activities, especially bioturbation, enhanced the fluxes 2-25 times. The estuarine sediment was observed to be a huge reservoir of NH4+, PO43- and SiO44- and acted as a net sink of combined N because of the high rate of benthic denitrification as it could remove 22% of riverine DIN influx thereby protecting the eco system from eutrophication and consequent degradation. The estuarine sediment was responsible for ~30-50% of the total community respiration in the estuary. The benthic supply of DIN, PO43- and SiO44- can potentially meet 49%, 25% and 55% of algal N, P and Si demand, respectively, in the estuary. Based on these observations we hypothesize that it is mainly benthic NH4+ efflux that sustains high estuarine productivity in the NO3- depleted dry season