PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH VITAL STATICS OF ADULTS AMONG URBAN, SEMIURBAN, RURAL AREAS OF UTTARAKHAND

Objective: India is in the affirmed phase of evolution and transition, demographic, economic, epidemiological, and nutrition transition. Moreover, all these transitions are leading non-communicable diseases such as obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance. The study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its association with vital statics of adults among urban, semiurban, rural areas of Sub-Himalayan Region.Methods: A cross sectional community based study was done, using WHO step questionnaire. A survey was conducted in urban, semi urban, Rural areas of Uttrakhand, to make a sample size of 300 adults (18-45yr), 100 from each zone. Blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) of the participants was calculated. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In the sample population based on systolic BP, 61.3% were non-hypertensives, 29.7% were pre-hypertensives, and 9% were hypertensives. Based on diastolic BP, 43.3% were non-hypertensives, 32.7% were pre-hypertensives, and 24% were hypertensives. Participants with hypertension and pre-hypertension have higher BMI and waist circumference.Conclusion: A high prevalence rate of pre-hypertension and hypertension was depicted in urban, semiurban, and rural areas of the sub-Himalayan region. 4.8% of the female participants had systolic high blood pressure compared to the 11.9% of the male participants. On the other hand, 21.8% of the female participants had diastolic high blood pressure compared to the over 25% of the male participants. Dehradun has the highest rates of high blood pressure while Rudraprayag has the lowest. BMI was significantly correlated with systolic BP in Dehradun adults (p<0.05). Diastolic BP was significantly positively correlated with age and BMI in Dehradun adults (p<0.05). Age was positively significantly correlated with pulse rate in Dehradun and Uttarkashi adults (p<0.05). In Rudraprayag adults, weight was significantly positively correlated with both systolic and diastolic BP (p<0.05). No other correlations were seen in anthropometry and vital statistics of Rudraprayag or Uttarkashi adults (p>0.05).Â

CATASTROPHIC SHIFT OF OBESITY IN THREE ZONES OF SUB-HIMALAYAN REGION, INDIA, AND ITS CORELATION WITH THE DIETARY INTAKE

 Objective: The objective is to study the prevalence of obesity and overweight in three zones of sub-Himalayan Region and its corelation with the dietary intake.Methods: A survey was conducted in three zones of Uttrakhand (Dehradun, Rudraprayag, and Uttarkashi), India, representing the urban, semi-urban, and rural village population (18–45 years) of the state. For the study, 100 adults were selected from each of the 3 zones, respectively, to make a total sample size of 300 adults using purposive random sampling.Results: The high prevalence obesity and overweight occur among urban zone (Dehradun), followed by semi-urban zone, Rudraprayag, district of Uttrakhand. In Dehradun, 6.1% of males and 29.4% of females were obese, whereas 62.1% males and 58.8% of females were overweight. In Rudraprayag, 13.6% of males and 14.6% of females were obese, whereas 35.6% of males and 39% of females were overweight. In rural zone (Uttarkashi), there were no cases of obesity among both males and females.Conclusion: A high prevalence rate of obesity was depicted in the urban zone of Uttrakhand region. Urbanization seems to have a positive significant impact on the prevalence of obesity with women being at greater risk