TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA NGŨ QUAN LÊN CHẤT LƯỢNG CẢM NHẬN CỦA KHÁCH HÀNG NGÀNH F&B

This article investigated the impact of the five senses on customers’ perceived quality, satisfaction, and loyalty when directly experiencing services at F&B stores. Data was collected from a survey of 446 random clients from more than 30 F&B stores in Vietnam and then made statistics, processed using SPSS, analyzed Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and linear regression models. The findings reveal that consumers' five primary senses, namely visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, and tactile, all impact customers’ perceived quality. In addition, age and gender lead to differences in service perceptions experienced at F&B stores.Bài báo nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của ngũ quan lên chất lượng cảm nhận của khách hàng khi trải nghiệm trực tiếp dịch vụ tại các cửa hàng F&B, từ đó đóng góp vào lý thuyết về hành vi khách hàng và chất lượng cảm nhận. Dữ liệu được thu trên 446 mẫu ngẫu nhiên từ hơn 30 cửa hàng F&B tại Việt Nam, từ đó, nhóm tác giả thực hiện thống kê, xử lý bằng phần mềm SPSS, phân tích hệ số tin cậy Cronbach’s alpha, phân tích nhân tố khám phá EFA, phân tích nhân tố khẳng định CFA và mô hình hồi quy tuyến tính. Kết quả kiểm định cho thấy cả năm yếu tố thị giác, thính giác, khứu giác, vị giác và xúc giác đều tác động lên chất lượng cảm nhận của khách hàng. Bên cạnh đó, hai yếu tố nhân khẩu học là tuổi tác và giới tính cũng góp phần tạo nên sự khác biệt trong chất lượng dịch vụ cảm nhận khi khách hàng trải nghiệm tại các cửa hàng F&B

Bacterial risk factors for treatment failure and relapse among patients with isoniazid resistant tuberculosis

Background Drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) is increasing in prevalence worldwide. Treatment failure and relapse is known to be high for patients with isoniazid resistant TB treated with standard first line regimens. However, risk factors for unfavourable outcomes and the optimal treatment regimen for isoniazid resistant TB are unknown. This cohort study was conducted when Vietnam used the eight month first line treatment regimen and examined risk factors for failure/relapse among patients with isoniazid resistant TB. Methods Between December 2008 and June 2011 2090 consecutive HIV-negative adults (≥18 years of age) with new smear positive pulmonary TB presenting at participating district TB units in Ho Chi Minh City were recruited. Participants with isoniazid resistant TB identified by Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility (MODS) had extended follow-up for 2 years with mycobacterial culture to test for relapse. MGIT drug susceptibility testing confirmed 239 participants with isoniazid resistant, rifampicin susceptible TB. Bacterial and demographic factors were analysed for association with treatment failure and relapse. Results Using only routine programmatic sputum smear microscopy for assessment, (months 2, 5 and 8) 30/239 (12.6%) had an unfavourable outcome by WHO criteria. Thirty-nine patients were additionally detected with unfavourable outcomes during 2 year follow up, giving a total of 69/239 (28.9%) of isoniazid (INH) resistant cases with unfavourable outcome by 2 years of follow-up. Beijing lineage was the only factor significantly associated with unfavourable outcome among INH-resistant TB cases during 2 years of follow-up. (adjusted OR = 3.16 [1.54–6.47], P = 0.002). Conclusion One third of isoniazid resistant TB cases suffered failure/relapse within 2 years under the old eight month regimen. Over half of these cases were not identified by standard WHO recommended treatment monitoring. Intensified research on early identification and optimal regimens for isoniazid resistant TB is needed. Infection with Beijing genotype of TB is a significant risk factor for bacterial persistence on treatment resulting in failure/relapse within 2 years. The underlying mechanism of increased tolerance for standard drug regimens in Beijing genotype strains remains unknown