Endoscopy in Nonvariceal UGI Bleeding

Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is one of the most common reasons for hospitalization and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently developed endoscopic devices and supporting apparatuses can achieve endoscopic hemostasis with greater safety and efficiency. With these advancements in technology and technique, gastroenterologists should have no concerns regarding the management of acute upper GI bleeding, provided that they are well prepared and trained. However, when endoscopic hemostasis fails, endoscopy should not be continued. Rather, endoscopists should refer patients to radiologists and surgeons without any delay for evaluation regarding the appropriateness of emergency interventional radiology or surgery

Baryon interactions from lattice QCD with physical quark masses -- Nuclear forces and ΞΞ\Xi\Xi forces --

We present the latest lattice QCD results for baryon interactions obtained at nearly physical quark masses. $N_f = 2+1$ nonperturbatively ${\cal O}(a)$-improved Wilson quark action with stout smearing and Iwasaki gauge action are employed on the lattice of (96a)^4 \simeq (8.1\mbox{fm})^4 with $a^{-1} \simeq 2.3$ GeV, where $m_\pi \simeq 146$ MeV and $m_K \simeq 525$ MeV. In this report, we study the two-nucleon systems and two-$\Xi$ systems in $^1S_0$ channel and $^3S_1$-$^3D_1$ coupled channel, and extract central and tensor interactions by the HAL QCD method. We also present the results for the $N\Omega$ interaction in $^5S_2$ channel which is relevant to the $N\Omega$ pair-momentum correlation in heavy-ion collision experiments.Comment: Talk given at 35th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2017), Granada, Spain, 18-24 Jun 2017, 8 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1702.0160

Unilateral ibotenic acid lesions of the prefrontal cortex reduce rotational behavior in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats

Rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced lesions of the substantia nigra are used as a model of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and these “lesioned” rats exhibit a rotational behavior when further injected with apomorphine (APO). We examined whether lesions in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) could modify the rotational behavior in PD model rats. Rats initially received unilateral lesions of the substantia nigra by 6-OHDA injection, and then their rotational behavior was measured. Two PFC lesions were achieved by intracerebral infusions of ibotenic acid, followed by measurement of APOinduced rotation. Rotation was reduced by approximately 30ｵ after PFC injury. The PFC may have functional infl uences on the basal ganglia and may be involved in the pathophysiology of the rotational behavior of PD model rats

Most Strange Dibaryon from Lattice QCD

The $\Omega\Omega$ system in the $^1S_0$ channel (the most strange dibaryon) is studied on the basis of the (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD simulations with a large volume (8.1 fm)$^3$ and nearly physical pion mass $m_{\pi}\simeq 146$ MeV at a lattice spacing $a\simeq 0.0846$ fm. We show that lattice QCD data analysis by the HAL QCD method leads to the scattering length $a_0 = 4.6 (6)(^{+1.2}_{-0.5}) {\rm fm}$, the effective range $r_{\rm eff} = 1.27 (3)(^{+0.06}_{-0.03}) {\rm fm}$ and the binding energy $B_{\Omega \Omega} = 1.6 (6) (^{+0.7}_{-0.6}) {\rm MeV}$. These results indicate that the $\Omega\Omega$ system has an overall attraction and is located near the unitary regime. Such a system can be best searched experimentally by the pair-momentum correlation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 6 pages and 4 figure

NΩN\Omega dibaryon from lattice QCD near the physical point

The nucleon($N$)-Omega($\Omega$) system in the S-wave and spin-2 channel ($^5$S$_2$) is studied from the (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD with nearly physical quark masses ($m_\pi \simeq 146$~MeV and $m_K \simeq 525$~MeV). The time-dependent HAL QCD method is employed to convert the lattice QCD data of the two-baryon correlation function to the baryon-baryon potential and eventually to the scattering observables. The $N\Omega$($^5$S$_2$) potential, obtained under the assumption that its couplings to the D-wave octet-baryon pairs are small, is found to be attractive in all distances and to produce a quasi-bound state near unitarity: In this channel, the scattering length, the effective range and the binding energy from QCD alone read $a_0= 5.30(0.44)(^{+0.16}_{-0.01})$~fm, $r_{\rm eff} = 1.26(0.01)(^{+0.02}_{-0.01})$~fm, $B = 1.54(0.30)(^{+0.04}_{-0.10})$~MeV, respectively. Including the extra Coulomb attraction, the binding energy of $p\Omega^-$($^5$S$_2$) becomes $B_{p\Omega^-} = 2.46(0.34)(^{+0.04}_{-0.11})$~MeV. Such a spin-2 $p\Omega^-$ state could be searched through two-particle correlations in $p$-$p$, $p$-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, a reference adde

Towards Lattice QCD Baryon Forces at the Physical Point: First Results

Lattice QCD calculations of baryon forces are performed for the first time with (almost) physical quark masses. $N_f = 2+1$ dynamical clover fermion gauge configurations are generated at the lattice spacing of $a \simeq 0.085$ fm on a $(96 a)^4 \simeq (8.2 {\rm fm})^4$ lattice with quark masses corresponding to $(m_\pi, m_K) \simeq (146, 525)$ MeV. Baryon forces are calculated using the time-dependent HAL QCD method. In this report, we study $\Xi\Xi$ and $NN$ systems both in $^1S_0$ and $^3S_1$-$^3D_1$ channels, and the results for the central and tensor forces as well as phase shifts in the $\Xi\Xi$ $(^1S_0)$ channel are presented.Comment: Talk given at the 12th International Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics (HYP2015), Sendai, Japan, 7-12 Sep 2015, 4 pages, 6 figure

Application of Scan-less Two-Dimensional Confocal Microscopy Based on a Combination of Confocal Slit With Wavelength/Space Conversion

Confocal laser microscope (CLM) has been widely used in the fields of the non-contact surface topography, biomedical imaging, and other applications, because the confocality gives two-dimensional (2D) optical-sectioning or three-dimensional (3D) imaging capability with the depth selectivity. Combination of line-focused CLM with one-dimensional (1D) spectral encoding CLM enables us to obtain the 2D confocal image without the need for the mechanical scanning. So-called scan-less 2D CLM is a unique imaging modality, however, there are no attempts to apply for practical application. In this paper, we constructed scan-less 2D CLM with the image acquisition time of 0.23 ms, the lateral resolution of 1.2 µm, the depth resolution of 2.4 µm, and apply it for different kinds of application to evaluate its practical potential

Twin Rectal Tonsils Mimicking Carcinoid or Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma

The rectal tonsil is a rare polypoid lesion exclusively found in the rectum and is considered a reactive proliferation of the lymphoid tissue. Although this lesion is benign, we recommend that it should be differentiated from carcinoid or polypoid type of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, based on gross findings. In this case report, we describe a case of rectal lesions with a unique appearance in a 41-year-old man. Colonoscopy revealed two 5-mm-sized nodules located opposite from each other on the left and right sides of the lower rectum. Endoscopic mucosal resection was conducted. Histopathologically, both lesions were mainly located in the submucosa and consisted of prominent lymphoid follicles with germinal centers of various sizes. No immunoreactivity of Bcl-2 was seen in the germinal centers. Immunohistochemical staining for kappa and lambda light chains revealed a polyclonal pattern. Therefore, these lesions were diagnosed as rectal tonsils