Eficiencia comunicativa de las Páginas Web en el caso de la gestión turística de los Sitios Patrimonio de la Humanidad en España

Este trabajo desarrolla la elaboración de un cuestionario metodológico denominado de Eficiencia Comunicativa (CEC) que ha servido para analizar los valores comunicativos de las páginas web de los sitios Patrimonio de la Humanidad españoles a partir de los principios del Turismo Sostenible de la UNESCO. El CEC valora las capacidades de las páginas web en relación a: (i) las relaciones turismo-patrimonio, (ii) la formación en turismo y (iii) la comunicación estratégica. Los resultados revelan que no todas superan la valoración lo cual advierte de una infravaloración de la comunicación estratégica

Evaluating the communication efficiency of the websites at the archaeological and heritage destination of Cartagena (Spain)

[EN] Archaeological heritage is presented as a driven force of tourism in Mediterranean destinations. To obtain a balance between heritage conservation and tourism development is a challenge to achieve in most of heritage destinations. For this, it is proposed to grant to strategic communication through the Information and Communications Technology(ICT) greater valuation whether appropriate objectives are assigned beyond promotional or informative. Thus, this research work is devoted to identifying the capacities for strategic communication of three tourist and cultural heritage websites of Cartagena (Murcia, Spain) through a methodological analysis and evaluation resource called “Communicative Efficiency Questionnaire”(CEC).This instrument is based on three analysis criteria and consists of 11 indicators and 36 variables that demonstrate the communication efficiency of ICT and its relationship with tourism. The first analysis criterion focuses its attention on tourism-heritage relations. In this sense, it is concerned with promoting the necessary tools to manage tourism efficiently, responsibly and sustainably based on the local context and the needs of the managed population. The second analysis criterion seeks to know if the heritage site is concerned with the involvement of the stakeholders and local communities in management and that they have the knowledge and professional skills to carry out their work properly. Finally, the third analysis criterion assess whether the website includes interpretative messages that contribute to the appreciation of the public and residents about the heritage. This criterion is developed by six indicators and is very important for the CEC since they focus on the analysis of the importance of the information and its transmission through the websites. The results highlight the potential of strategic communication and the opportunity to attribute it higher uses in touristic and cultural heritage management aspects.[ES] El patrimonio arqueológico se presenta como un recurso dinamizador del turismo en los destinos mediterráneos. Obtener un balance equilibrado entre la conservación y el turismo es un reto que alcanzaren la mayoría de los destinos patrimoniales. Para ello, se plantea conceder a la comunicación estratégica a través de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC) mayor valoración si se le asignan objetivos adecuados más allá de los promocionales o informativos. Así, este trabajo de investigación se dedica a identificar las capacidades para la comunicación estratégica de tres sitios web turístico-culturales de Cartagena (Murcia, España) a través de un instrumento metodológico de análisis y evaluación denominado “Cuestionario de Eficiencia Comunicativa” (CEC). Este instrumento está basado en tres criterios de análisis y compuesto por 11 indicadores y 36 variables que vienen a demostrar la eficiencia comunicativa de las TIC y su relación con el turismo. El primer criterio de análisis focaliza su atención en las relaciones turismo-patrimonio. En este sentido, se preocupa por fomentar las herramientas necesarias para gestionar el turismo de forma eficiente, responsable y sostenible basado en el contexto local y las necesidades de la población administrada. El segundo criterio de análisis pretende conocer si el sitio patrimonial se preocupa por la implicación de los actores y las comunidades locales en la gestión y que tengan conocimientos y habilidades profesionales para desarrollar su trabajo adecuadamente. Por último, el tercer criterio de análisis consiste en evaluar si el sitio web incluye mensajes interpretativos que contribuyan al aprecio del público y los residentes sobre el patrimonio. Este criterio está desarrollado por seis indicadores y es muy importante para el CEC ya que se centra en el análisis de la importancia de la información y su transmisión a través de los sitios web. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto el potencial de la comunicación estratégica y la oportunidad de atribuirle usos superiores en aspectos de gestión turística y patrimonial.Este trabajo se enmarca en el proyecto I+D de la D.G. Investigación Científica y Técnica (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad): “Teatros Romanos de Hispania” (BIA2012-37063), 2013-2015.Teruel, MD.; Viñals, MJ. (2018). Evaluación de la eficiencia comunicativa de los sitios web del destino arqueológico-patrimonial de Cartagena (España). Virtual Archaeology Review. 9(18):87-94. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2018.6831SWORD879491

Incidencia de los trabajos tutorizados en la docencia de asignaturas de primero en los Grados de Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos

[SPA] La implantación de los Grados ha hecho que se reconsidere la evaluación de los alumnos. Por ello, en dos asignaturas de primar curso, una del Grado de Veterinaria y otra del Grado de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos de la Universidad de Murcia, con muchas características comunes, se está llevando a cabo la utilización de trabajos tutorizados como una herramienta más de evaluación. Cuando se comparan los resultados de las calificaciones obtenidas por los alumnos, se puede decir que la aplicación del trabajo tutorizado en la docencia de los Grados, ha supuesto una mejora de los resultados obtenidos, especialmente en la disminución porcentual de los suspensos, rebajando en ambas disciplinas unos 10 puntos porcentuales el nivel de fracaso en los alumnos, quedando en torno a un tercio de alumnos suspensos, siempre referidos a la primera convocatoria. Por lo que nos hace suponer una mayor implicación de los alumnos en las tareas de adquisición de conocimientos, ya sea por propio interés o por los efectos de la presencia del profesor tutor. [ENG] The implementation of Grades has made students assessment be reconsidered. Therefore, on two subjects of the first year, one of Veterinary Grade and other of Science and Food Technology Grade of the University of Murcia, with many common features, it is pursuing the use of supervised works as a tool further evaluation. When the results of the marks obtained by the students are compared, it can be said that the application of supervised work in teaching Grades, was an improvement of the results, especially in the percentage decrease of suspense, reducing both disciplines about 10 percentage points the level of failure in students and being around a third part of students suspended. The data always are refer to the first call. It makes us assume greater involvement of students in the task of knowledge acquisition, either for their own or the effects of the presence of the tutor

Practical application of an Increasing and Alternative Communication System in students of immigrant origin: Spanish Sign Language

La problemática recogida en este artículo reside en la adaptación necesaria a las características individuales de un grupo de alumnos de tres años, con déficit en la competencia comunicativa por motivos de origen magrebí. Ante tal situación, las programaciones didácticas comunes se quedan muy lejos de cubrir las demandas de dichos alumnos, quienes para progresar en su desarrollo necesitan de la comprensión de ciertas pautas de comportamiento y de contenidos básicos. Por ello, esta puesta en práctica se basa en utilizar la Lengua de Signos Española y la expresión corporal como apoyo para la adquisición del lenguaje verbal.The problem raised in this article lies in the necessary adaptation to the individual characteristics of a group of students of three years, with a deficit in communicative competence due to reasons of Maghreb origin. Faced with such a situation, the common didactic programs fall far short of meeting the demands of students, those who want to progress in their development need the understanding of certain patterns of behavior and basic contents. Therefore, this implementation is based on the Spanish Sign Language and body expression as support for the acquisition of verbal language

Las OTAs como elemento dinamizador de un destino turístico inteligente: procesos de integración y negociación con proveedores y clientes

En este trabajo se estudia el funcionamiento de las denominadas Agencias de Viajes Online (OTAs) que actualmente se han convertido en actores fundamentales para la dinamización de los Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes (DTIs). El propósito de este trabajo es conocer de qué manera, las OTAs logran llegar a sus clientes en un entorno altamente competitivo, y cómo utilizan las diferentes herramientas de marketing disponibles. El análisis detallado de un conjunto de OTAs (casos de estudio) ha permitido indagar en diferentes aspectos de su organización destacando, en particular, las características funcionales y organizativas que las diferencian de las agencias de viajes físicas tradicionales: la gestión interna y adquisición del producto, el funcionamiento del sitio web público, y las estrategias de marketing y comunicación con el cliente. Además este análisis ha permitido también identificar la relación entre las operaciones de negociación con proveedores y las condiciones de contratación que establecen en relación a la adquisición de los productos que ofrecen en sus sitios web.In this work it is studied the operation of the called Online Travel Agencies (OTAs) which currently have become fundamental actors for the promotion of Smart Destinations. The purpose of this paper is to know in what way, the OTAs can reach out to customers in a highly competitive environment, and how to use the different marketing tools available. The detailed analysis of a set of OTAs (case studies) has made possible to investigate different aspects of its organization highlighting, in particular, the functional and organizational characteristics that differentiate them from the traditional physical travel agencies such as the internal management and acquisition of the product, the operation of the public web site, and the marketing strategies and communication with the customer. In addition, this analysis has also permitted to identify the relationship between the operations of negotiation with suppliers and the conditions of employment established in relation to the acquisition of the products OTAs offer on their web sites

New Insights of Oral Colonic Drug Delivery Systems for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy

[EN] Colonic Drug Delivery Systems (CDDS) are especially advantageous for local treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Site-targeted drug release allows to obtain a high drug concentration in injured tissues and less systemic adverse effects, as consequence of less/null drug absorption in small intestine. This review focused on the reported contributions in the last four years to improve the effectiveness of treatments of inflammatory bowel diseases. The work concludes that there has been an increase in the development of CDDS in which pH, specific enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), or a combination of all of these triggers the release. These delivery systems demonstrated a therapeutic improvement with fewer adverse effects. Future perspectives to the treatment of this disease include the elucidation of molecular basis of IBD diseases in order to design more specific treatments, and the performance of more in vivo assays to validate the specificity and stability of the obtained systems.The authors want to thank the Spanish Government (project RTI2018-100910-B-C41 (MCUI/AEI/FEDER, UE)) and the Generalitat Valenciana (project PROMETEO/2018/024) for support. This work was also supported by the project "MODELOS IN VITRO DE EVALUACION BIOFARMACEUTICA" SAF2016-78756(AEI/FEDER, EU) funded by Agencia Estatal Investigacion and European Union, through FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional).Hernández Teruel, A.; Gonzalez-Alvarez, I.; Bermejo, M.; Merino Sanjuán, V.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Sancenón Galarza, F.; Gonzalez-Alvarez, M.... (2020). New Insights of Oral Colonic Drug Delivery Systems for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy. 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Proposal of parameters and characterization of social network groups focussed on university teaching: experience and lessons learned

[EN] Social networks are currently established in the personal activity of the university students. However the use of social networks in the teaching-learning process is reserved just for a few isolated cases. It would be very interesting to include the social networks in the teaching daily activities. This article presents a measurement of social network groups focussed on university teaching. The measurement was done through different rates to provide empirical corroboration of the target group profile. The group profile is important since the group guidance could be different due to the teacher interests. The results show that through the established measurement it is possible to clearly distinguish three groups profiles. Deciding the profile which you want to apply to a group will allow defining the strategy, which will optimize the learning process using an environment closer to the students.[ES] Actualmente las redes sociales están implantadas en la actividad personal de los estudiantes universitarios. Sin embargo, el uso de las redes sociales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje está reservado a algunos experimentos aislados. Es de gran interés conseguir incluir las redes sociales en la actividad diaria de la docencia. En este artículo se presenta la medición en el uso de los grupos de las redes sociales en la enseñanza universitaria. La medición se realiza por medio de unos índices que permiten corroborar empíricamente el perfil de cada grupo. El perfil del grupo es importante, puesto que la orientación del grupo puede ser diferente en función de los intereses del docente. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que a través de los índices presentados es posible distinguir tres perfiles de grupos bien diferenciados. Decidir el perfil que se quiere dar a un grupo permite definir la estrategia a seguir para optimizar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje usando un medio cercano a los alumnos.Este artículo se ha desarrollado en el marco del PIME/2013/A/012/A, Elaboración de la guía de uso eficaz de las redes sociales en la docencia universitaria.Poza Luján, JL.; Calduch Losa, MDLA.; Albors Sorolla, AM.; Cabrera, M.; Teruel Serrano, MD.; Rebollo Pedruelo, M.; Díez-Somavilla, R. (2014). Propuesta de parámetros y caracterización de los grupos de las redes sociales orientados a la docencia universitaria: experiencia y resultados. RED : Revista de Educación a Distancia. XIII(44):88-105. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/50803S88105XIII4

Experiencia en el uso del portafolio por medio de las redes sociales

[EN] At the UPV, the EICE teams: QtalNET and IEMA, are performing toghether the PIME project "Social ePortfolios", in which they are testing different assessment's techniques through electronic portfolios and social networks.The aim of the project is to develop a protocol to use social media through the process of creating e-portfolios, with the objective of value the skills acquired by students.This article describes the project and the experience consistent in various subjects, from different degrees, to evaluate the portfolios presented. Students can implement the portfolio through social networks (experimental group) or through a document (control groups). The develop is individual in every case. The weight of the portfolio in the evaluation goes from 60% to 100% (depending on the subject). The oral defense is realized to all the students (no matter if they are the experimental or the control group), they are given a brief guide with the aim of have the same structure to compare between different portfolios. In this article the method is exposed, as well as the reflections on their use.[ES] El objetivo principal del proyecto es elaborar un protocolo que permita usar las redes sociales durante el proceso de creación de portafolios electrónico para la evaluación de las competencias adquiridas por los alumnos. En este artículo se presenta el proyecto, así como la experiencia que se está realizando consistente en experimentar en diversas asignaturas de diferentes titulaciones el portafolios para evaluar. Los alumnos pueden implementar el portafolio a través de las redes sociales (grupos experimentales) o por medio de un documento (grupos de control). La realización en todos los casos es individual. El peso del portafolio en la evaluación va desde un 60% a un 100% (dependiendo de la asignatura). La defensa se realiza oralmente y a todos los alumnos (tanto si son del grupo experimental como de control) se les proporciona una breve guía para que la estructura pueda ser comparable entre los diferentes portafolios. En el presente artículo se expone el método seguido así como las reflexiones sobre su uso.Los autores deseamos agradecer su apoyo a la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática (ETSINF), al Departamento de Informática de Sistemas y Computadores (DISCA) de la Universitat Politécnica de València (UPV) por su apoyo. El presente trabajo está realizado bajo el programa de Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (PIME) el proyecto “Social ePortafolios: apoyo a la evaluación con portafolios electrónicos mediante redes sociales” sustentado por el Insitituto de Ciencias de la Educación (ICE) de la UPV.Poza-Lujan, J.; Cabrera, M.; Rebollo Pedruelo, M.; Calduch Losa, MDLA.; Díez-Somavilla, R.; Lloret Romero, MN.; Despujol Zabala, I.... (2015). Experiencia en el uso del portafolio por medio de las redes sociales. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2015.2015.1572

Preferential Occupancy of R2 Retroelements on the B Chromosomes of the Grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans

R2 non-LTR retrotransposons exclusively insert into the 28S rRNA genes of their host, and are expressed by co-transcription with the rDNA unit. The grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans contains transcribed rDNA clusters on most of its A chromosomes, as well as non-transcribed rDNA clusters on the parasitic B chromosomes found in many populations. Here the structure of the E. plorans R2 element, its abundance relative to the number of rDNA units and its retrotransposition activity were determined. Animals screened from five populations contained on average over 12,000 rDNA units on their A chromosomes, but surprisingly only about 100 R2 elements. Monitoring the patterns of R2 insertions in individuals from these populations revealed only low levels of retrotransposition. The low rates of R2 insertion observed in E. plorans differ from the high levels of R2 insertion previously observed in insect species that have many fewer rDNA units. It is proposed that high levels of R2 are strongly selected against in E. plorans, because the rDNA transcription machinery in this species is unable to differentiate between R2-inserted and uninserted units. The B chromosomes of E. plorans contain an additional 7,000 to 15,000 rDNA units, but in contrast to the A chromosomes, from 150 to over 1,500 R2 elements. The higher concentration of R2 in the inactive B chromosomes rDNA clusters suggests these chromosomes can act as a sink for R2 insertions thus further reducing the level of insertions on the A chromosomes. These studies suggest an interesting evolutionary relationship between the parasitic B chromosomes and R2 elements.This study was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (CGL2009-11917) and Plan Andaluz de Investigacion (CVI-6649), and was partially performed by FEDER funds and a grant from the National Institutes of Health (GM42790)

Chromatin regulation by Histone H4 acetylation at Lysine 16 during cell death and differentiation in the myeloid compartment

Histone H4 acetylation at Lysine 16 (H4K16ac) is a key epigenetic mark involved in gene regulation, DNA repair and chromatin remodeling, and though it is known to be essential for embryonic development, its role during adult life is still poorly understood. Here we show that this lysine is massively hyperacetylated in peripheral neutrophils. Genome-wide mapping of H4K16ac in terminally differentiated blood cells, along with functional experiments, supported a role for this histone post-translational modification in the regulation of cell differentiation and apoptosis in the hematopoietic system. Furthermore, in neutrophils, H4K16ac was enriched at specific DNA repeats. These DNA regions presented an accessible chromatin conformation and were associated with the cleavage sites that generate the 50 kb DNA fragments during the first stages of programmed cell death. Our results thus suggest that H4K16ac plays a dual role in myeloid cells as it not only regulates differentiation and apoptosis, but it also exhibits a non-canonical structural role in poising chromatin for cleavage at an early stage of neutrophil cell death