Quark-Gluon String Model Description of Baryon Production in K^{\pm}N Interactions

The process of baryon production in K p collisions at high energies is considered in the framework of the Quark-Gluon String Model. The contribution of the string-junction mechanism to the strange baryon production is analysed. The results of numerical calculations are in reasonable agreement with the data on inclusive spectra of p, Lambda, bar{Lambda}, and on the bar{Lambda}/Lambda asymmetry. The predictions for Xi and Omega baryons are presented.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figure

Lambda-Baryon Production in pi(+-)n Interactions

The process of Lambda-baryon production in pi-p collisions is considered. The contribution of the string-junction mechanism to the strange baryon production in meson-baryon scattering is anlysed. The results of numerical calculations in the framework of the Quark-Gluon String model are in reasonable agreement with the data.Comment: 10 pages and 5 figue

Feynman scaling violation on baryon spectra in pp collisions at LHC and cosmic ray energies

A significant asymmetry in baryon/antibaryon yields in the central region of high energy collisions is observed when the initial state has non-zero baryon charge. This asymmetry is connected with the possibility of baryon charge diffusion in rapidity space. Such a diffusion should decrease the baryon charge in the fragmentation region and translate into the corresponding decrease of the multiplicity of leading baryons. As a result, a new mechanism for Feynman scaling violation in the fragmentation region is obtained. Another numerically more significant reason for the Feynman scaling violation comes from the fact that the average number of cutted Pomerons increases with initial energy. We present the quantitative predictions of the Quark-Gluon String Model (QGSM) for the Feynman scaling violation at LHC energies and at even higher energies that can be important for cosmic ray physics.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, and 1 table. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1107.1615, arXiv:1007.320

Multiplicity Distribution and Mechanisms of the High-Energy Hadron Collisions

We discuss the multiplicity distribution for highest accessible energies of $pp$- and $\bar pp$- interactions from the point of view of the multiparton collisions. The inelastic cross sections for the single, $\sigma_1$, and multiple (double and, presumably, triple, $\sigma_{2+3}$) parton collisions are extracted from the analysis of the experimental data on the multiplicity distribution up to the Tevatron energies. It follows that $\sigma_1$ becomes energy independent while $\sigma_{2+3}$ increases with $\sqrt{s}$ for $\sqrt{s}\ge$ 200 GeV. The observed growth of $$ with multiplicity is attributed to the increasing role of multiparton collisions for the high energy $\bar pp(pp)$- inelastic interactions.Comment: Revtex file, 17 pages, 5 figure

Settlement and Bearing Capacity of Rectangular Footing in Reliance on the Pre-Overburden Pressure of Soil Foundation

This article presents a solution for the quantitative evaluation of the stress–strain state (SSS) and the bearing capacity of rectangular foundations, factoring in the unit weight of the soil mass and different values of pre-overburden pressure (POP). In order to assess the SSS of the soil subgrade below a rigid rectangular footing under a uniformly distributed load, the authors applied the Boussinesq basic solution for an elastic half-space subjected to a vertical point load on its surface. As a result, the formulas for vertical stress, mean stress, shear strain, and volumetric strain for any point in Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) and foundation settlement were determined. Additionally, the application of Hencky’s system of physical equations, with non-linear dependencies between mean stress and volumetric strain as well as deviator stress and shear strain, along with the experimental curves, depicts the relationships between bulk modulus and volume stress, and shear modulus and shear stress. The authors point out the non-linear behavior of the subgrade soil and propose a method for estimating the bearing capacity of a rigid rectangular foundation

Mathematical Computations of Long-Term Settlement and Bearing Capacity of Soil Bases and Foundations near Vertical Excavation Pits

The present paper describes and provides an analytical solution for the problem of evaluating the settlement and load-bearing capacity of weighty soil layers of limited thickness resting upon incompressible soil bases and an excavation pit wall, upon exposure of the foundation to a distributed load in the vicinity of a wall. The authors developed a method for determining the stressed state component in the reduced engineering problem based on the Ribere–Faylon trigonometric series, accounting for the nonlinear deformation properties of soils. To determine the settlement over time of the foundation near the pit, we used the A.Z. Ter-Martirosyan’s model to describe shear deformations and the Kelvin–Voigt model to describe volume deformations, assuming that ε·z(t) = ε·v(t) + ε·γ(t), according to the Hencky’s system of physical equations. The obtained solutions make it possible to assess the long-term deformation of soil bases and the long-term load-bearing capacity with respect to nonlinear rheological properties in a way that accurately corresponds to the actual performance of subsoils exposed to loading. The theoretical results were followed by numerical experiments to prove their validity

Mathematical Computations of Long-Term Settlement and Bearing Capacity of Soil Bases and Foundations near Vertical Excavation Pits

The present paper describes and provides an analytical solution for the problem of evaluating the settlement and load-bearing capacity of weighty soil layers of limited thickness resting upon incompressible soil bases and an excavation pit wall, upon exposure of the foundation to a distributed load in the vicinity of a wall. The authors developed a method for determining the stressed state component in the reduced engineering problem based on the Ribere–Faylon trigonometric series, accounting for the nonlinear deformation properties of soils. To determine the settlement over time of the foundation near the pit, we used the A.Z. Ter-Martirosyan’s model to describe shear deformations and the Kelvin–Voigt model to describe volume deformations, assuming that ε·z(t) = ε·v(t) + ε·γ(t), according to the Hencky’s system of physical equations. The obtained solutions make it possible to assess the long-term deformation of soil bases and the long-term load-bearing capacity with respect to nonlinear rheological properties in a way that accurately corresponds to the actual performance of subsoils exposed to loading. The theoretical results were followed by numerical experiments to prove their validity