Postpartum depression; associated factors and underdiagnosis

Post-partum depression is one of the most severe types of depression and can be developed at any age, no matter of cultural of social status. Objectives. To determine the factors associated with the psychological impact of pregnancy and to emphasize the psychological and psychiatric risks after giving birth for a woman. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 35 patients diagnosed with postpartum depression that have been hospitalized in a tertiary-care center for psychiatric disorders between 2016 and 2020. Data were collected from patients’ observation charts. Results. The incidence of postpartum depression is higher in the age range 30-45 years old for primiparous women who are from urban areas, unemployed and not integrated in a family (unbalanced families or single parents), with medium level of education (high school) and alcohol addiction. One of 35 patients committed infanticide. Conclusions. Even if the postpartum depression is known worldwide it is still underdiagnosed, with certain factors concurring to that. Postpartum depression requires the identification of risk conditions in pregnant women and individualized therapy in a patient-centered, holistic manner

Phytocomplex with Zingiber officinale extract, Piper nigrum and Piper cubeba oil - in vitro antimicrobial effect

Vegetal compounds are known for their therapeutic actions in correlation with their antioxidant activity so that in recent times the interest in their properties has greatly increased. The phytocomplex obtained by combining the Zingiber officinale extract, Piper nigrum and Piper cubeba oil is distributed and recommended in European space as a multi-benefit nutritional supplement for swine, poultry, cattle, horses and others. As the individual properties of the three compounds are known, we aimed to test the antimicrobial activity of the phytocomplex on various Gram negative pathogens. In the time-kill assay, in vitro inhibitory effects were visible after 15 minutes of contact and total inhibition of the species Samonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was obtained after 24 hours. The results obtained in vitro showed a very good antimicrobial activity which clearly contributes to the overall beneficial effects of the Zingiber officinale extract, Piper nigrum and Piper cubeba oil phytocomplex

Apiaceae essential oils: boosters of terbinafine activity against dermatophytes and potent anti-inflammatory effectors

Dermatophyte infections represent an important public health concern, affecting up to 25% of the world’s population. Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes are the predominant dermatophytes in cutaneous infections, with a prevalence accounting for 70% of dermatophytoses. Although terbinafine represents the preferred treatment, its clinical use is hampered by side effects, drug– drug interactions, and the emergence of resistant clinical isolates. Combination therapy, associating terbinafine and essential oils (EOs), represents a promising strategy in the treatment of dermatophytosis. In this study, we screened the potential of selected Apiaceae EOs (ajowan, coriander, caraway, and anise) to improve the antifungal activity of terbinafine against T. rubrum ATCC 28188 and T. mentagrophytes ATCC 9533. The chemical profile of EOs was analyzed by gas chromatography. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of EOs/main compounds were determined according to EUCAST-AFST guidelines, with minor modifications. The checkerboard microtiter method was used to identify putative synergistic combinations of EOs/main constituents with terbinafine. The influence of EOs on the viability and pro-inflammatory cytokine production (IL-1b, IL-8 and TNF-a) was determined using an ex vivo human neutrophils model. The binary associations of tested EOs with terbinafine were found to be synergistic against T. rubrum, with FICI values of 0.26–0.31. At the tested concentrations (6.25–25 mg/L), EOs did not exert cytotoxic effects towards human neutrophils. Anise EO was the most potent inhibitor of IL-1b release (46.49% inhibition at 25 mg/L), while coriander EO displayed the highest inhibition towards IL-8 and TNF-a production (54.15% and 54.91%, respectively). In conclusion, the synergistic combinations of terbinafine and investigated Apiaceae EOs could be a starting point in the development of novel topical therapies against T. rubrum-related dermatophytosis

2015/16 seasonal vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with influenza a(H1N1)pdm09 and B among elderly people in Europe: Results from the I-MOVE+ project

We conducted a multicentre test-negative caseâ\u80\u93control study in 27 hospitals of 11 European countries to measure 2015/16 influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against hospitalised influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B among people aged â\u89¥ 65 years. Patients swabbed within 7 days after onset of symptoms compatible with severe acute respiratory infection were included. Information on demographics, vaccination and underlying conditions was collected. Using logistic regression, we measured IVE adjusted for potential confounders. We included 355 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 cases, 110 influenza B cases, and 1,274 controls. Adjusted IVE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 42% (95% confidence interval (CI): 22 to 57). It was 59% (95% CI: 23 to 78), 48% (95% CI: 5 to 71), 43% (95% CI: 8 to 65) and 39% (95% CI: 7 to 60) in patients with diabetes mellitus, cancer, lung and heart disease, respectively. Adjusted IVE against influenza B was 52% (95% CI: 24 to 70). It was 62% (95% CI: 5 to 85), 60% (95% CI: 18 to 80) and 36% (95% CI: -23 to 67) in patients with diabetes mellitus, lung and heart disease, respectively. 2015/16 IVE estimates against hospitalised influenza in elderly people was moderate against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B, including among those with diabetes mellitus, cancer, lung or heart diseases

ACUTE RENAL FAILURE – CLINICAL PRESENTING FORM OF NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA IN A HIV-POSITIVE YOUNG PATIENT

We present the case of a woman born in 1987, identified as a HIV-seropositive at age of 11 years and classified from the beginning in AIDS-B3. She was treated with three antiretroviral regimens, her attitude being characterized by non-adherence. In 2013 she is diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (plasmablastic type) and concomitantly, she presented acute renal failure with applying of hemodialysis. The patient could be affected by a wide variety of disease processes that might involve the kidney. It is difficult to distinguish an HIV-associated nephropathy accelerated by non-adherence at antiretrovirals, from an infiltrative process due to malignancy or some HAART-related renal side effects

STREPTOCOCCAL PHARYNGITIS – AN ACTUAL POINT OF VIEW

The infection with Streptococcus pyogenes causes acute illness and also poststreptococcal syndromes of acute glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic fever. Material and method: Retrospective study of the cases with acute pharyngitis admitted in the Hospital of Infectious Diseases from Iassy in 2010 with a bacteriological and therapeutically analysis. Results: It registered 1562 patients. 128 patients were diagnosticated with streptococcal pharyngitis (by throat culture) and 1434 cases had negative throat. 43 cases of streptococcal pharyngitis and 423 cases of the others had severe clinical form. ASLO titer had high value in 35,3% from tests. In 1394 cases, Penicillin G was preferred; 113 patients were treated with Clarithromycine, 20 with Erythromycine and 35 with Clindamycine. Conclusions: In patients with symptomatology suggestive for the streptococcal pharyngitis, an etiologically diagnosis should be determined by performing a throat culture or a rapid antigen-detection test before the administration of therapy. The empirical antibiotic treatment on the basis of symptoms alone results in overuse of antibiotics, increased costs, and an increased rate of side effects from antibiotics. Penicillin is the preferred treatment

The Pitfalls of Febrile Jaundice. A Case Report

Jaundice in sepsis is usually caused by cholestasis, and its onset can precede other manifestations of the infection. Inflammation-induced cholestasis is a common complication in patients with an extrahepatic infection or those with inflammatory processes. We describe the case of a 47 years old female who presented with low back pain and paravertebral muscular contracture. She subsequently developed a cholestatic syndrome with clinical manifestations such as jaundice, followed by fever and sepsis with multiple organ dysfunction. Initially labeled as biliary sepsis, the diagnosis was crucially reoriented as the blood cultures were positive for Streptococcus pyogenes and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings suggested spondylodiscitis as well as a paravertebral abscess

The Effects of Cardioprotective Antidiabetic Therapy on Microbiota in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—A Systematic Review

As the pathophysiologic mechanisms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are discovered, there is a switch from glucocentric to a more comprehensive, patient-centered management. The holistic approach considers the interlink between T2DM and its complications, finding the best therapies for minimizing the cardiovascular (CV) or renal risk and benefitting from the treatment‘s pleiotropic effects. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) fit best in the holistic approach because of their effects in reducing the risk of CV events and obtaining better metabolic control. Additionally, research on the SGLT-2i and GLP-1 RA modification of gut microbiota is accumulating. The microbiota plays a significant role in the relation between diet and CV disease because some intestinal bacteria lead to an increase in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and consequent positive effects. Thus, our review aims to describe the relation between antidiabetic non-insulin therapy (SGLT-2i and GLP-1 RA) with CV-proven benefits and the gut microbiota in patients with T2DM. We identified five randomized clinical trials including dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, liraglutide, and loxenatide, with different results. There were differences between empagliflozin and metformin regarding the effects on microbiota despite similar glucose control in both study groups. One study demonstrated that liraglutide induced gut microbiota alterations in patients with T2DM treated initially with metformin, but another failed to detect any differences when the same molecule was compared with sitagliptin. The established CV and renal protection that the SGLT-2i and GLP-1 RA exert could be partly due to their action on gut microbiota. The individual and cumulative effects of antidiabetic drugs on gut microbiota need further research