Finite Temperature Casimir Effect and Dispersion in the Presence of Compactified Extra Dimensions

Finite temperature Casimir theory of the Dirichlet scalar field is developed, assuming that there is a conventional Casimir setup in physical space with two infinitely large plates separated by a gap R and in addition an arbitrary number q of extra compacified dimensions. As a generalization of earlier theory, we assume in the first part of the paper that there is a scalar 'refractive index' N filling the whole of the physical space region. After presenting general expressions for free energy and Casimir forces we focus on the low temperature case, as this is of main physical interest both for force measurements and also for issues related to entropy and the Nernst theorem. Thereafter, in the second part we analyze dispersive properties, assuming for simplicity q=1, by taking into account dispersion associated with the first Matsubara frequency only. The medium-induced contribution to the free energy, and pressure, is calculated at low temperatures.Comment: 25 pages, one figure. Minor changes in the discussion. Version to appear in Physica Script

Finite Temperature Casimir Effect in Randall-Sundrum Models

The finite temperature Casimir effect for a scalar field in the bulk region of the two Randall-Sundrum models, RSI and RSII, is studied. We calculate the Casimir energy and the Casimir force for two parallel plates with separation $a$ on the visible brane in the RSI model. High-temperature and low-temperature cases are covered. Attractiveness versus repulsiveness of the temperature correction to the force is discussed in the typical special cases of Dirichlet-Dirichlet, Neumann-Neumann, and Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions at low temperature. The Abel-Plana summation formula is made use of, as this turns out to be most convenient. Some comments are made on the related contemporary literature.Comment: 33 pages latex, 2 figures. Some changes in the discussion. To appear in New J. Phy

Exponential data encoding for quantum supervised learning

Reliable quantum supervised learning of a multivariate function mapping depends on the expressivity of the corresponding quantum circuit and measurement resources. We introduce exponential-data-encoding strategies that are hardware-efficient and optimal amongst all non-entangling Pauli-encoded schemes, which is sufficient for a quantum circuit to express general functions having very broad Fourier frequency spectra using only exponentially few encoding gates. We show that such an encoding strategy not only reduces the quantum resources, but also exhibits practical resource advantage during training in contrast with known efficient classical strategies when polynomial-depth training circuits are also employed. When computation resources are constrained, we numerically demonstrate that even exponential-data-encoding circuits with single-layer training modules can generally express functions that lie outside the classically-expressible region, thereby supporting the practical benefits of such a resource advantage. Finally, we illustrate the performance of exponential encoding in learning the potential-energy surface of the ethanol molecule and California's housing pricesComment: 21 pages, 13 figure

The Diffusion of the Internet in a Pro-IT Cultural Environment: A Content Analysis of the Singapore Experience

Despite the magnitude of the Internet phenomenon, relatively few studies investigate the factors influencing its diffusion. This paper seeks to provide a better understanding of the forces that influence the diffusion of the Internet in Singapore. A push-pull framework that incorporates the political, technological, economic, and social factors is developed as the basis for examining this phenomenon. Based on this framework, a content-analytic approach is used to analyze the messages conveyed in Singapore\u27s two local English-medium newspapers. The results show that both push and pull forces predominated in the early stages of Internet diffusion. However, as time went by, the pull forces predominated over the push forces. The results also show that factors such as building telecommunication infrastructure, having on-line information and services, and creating business opportunities were important in the diffusion of the Internet in Singapore

Performance Impacts of E-Government: An International Perspective

Though policy makers and governments are interested in understanding the impacts of e- Government on national performance, there are relatively few empirical studies that analyze this aspect. Using secondary data from 99 countries and the IT impact literature as the guiding theoretical perspective, we first examine the impact of e-Government on first order government efficiency parameters (resource allocation and internal operations efficiency) and subsequently the impact of these first order outcomes on the two second order dimensions of national performance (social welfare and business competitiveness). Our initial analysis reveals a significant relationship between e-government development and resource allocation efficiency and also between e-Government development and internal operations efficiency. For the second order model, we find that the relationship between internal operations efficiency and social welfare competitiveness is not significant. We conducted a post-hoc analysis which revealed that the relationship between internal operational efficiency and social welfare competitiveness is fully mediated through national business competitiveness. Hence, business competitiveness emerges as an important aspect for realizing the social welfare benefits of e-Government. Through this research, we make some important contributions and implications for researchers, practitioners and policy makers

Information Systems (IS) Discipline Identity: A Review and Framework

The recent debate about crisis in the Information Systems (IS) discipline is largely attributed to its having a fluid discipline identity. Myriad conceptualizations of IS discipline identity have resulted in a plethora of unstructured and disconnected recommendations for the survival and growth of the IS field. It is therefore essential to have a theoretical framework which explains: What is IS discipline identity? In this study, we address this void in the identity literature. By extending and borrowing from the concepts of organizational and self-identity, we propose a theoretical framework for discipline identity and explicate its dimensions with respect to the IS discipline. The three contextual questions of discipline identity about purpose, period, and place set the stage for an in-depth inquiry of the three constitutive questions (or dimensions): periphery, perspective, and process, to provide a holistic framework for conceptualizing IS discipline identity. Further, we conceptualize IS discipline identity process as consisting of four recursive and iterative sub-processes: copy, consolidate, differentiate, and demonstrate (CCDD). We posit that an iterative hermeneutic focus on these four sub-processes is vital for the health of the discipline and neglecting even one of them will lead to an imbalanced identity structure. Through this paper, we seek to stimulate and further the ongoing debate on the topic

Aligning Control Structures With Control Processes For Effective Offshore Contract Performance

Past research on offshore information systems development (ISD) has found control theory to be a useful perspective for examining the co-ordination between the client and the vendor. Control literature describes two primary control modes viz. formal and informal control modes, classified as behavior, outcome, clan and self-control modes. But most control literature focuses either on the conditions for adopting a particular control mode or the influence of the chosen control mode(s) on relationship performance. Recent research on offshore ISD has uncovered two distinct control mechanisms comprising each of the control modes viz. structural and process mechanisms. Structural control mechanism describes the ‘what’ or the structure of the control mode, whereas process control mechanism explains ‘how’ or the process through which the control mode is enacted. Grounding our arguments in the alignment literature, the study theorizes the need for alignment between the control ‘structures’ and ‘processes’ within each of the control modes for effective contract performance. In effect, we posit the moderating role of control processes on the relationship between control structures and contract performance. In this research-in- progress paper, we perform a preliminary test on the theorized model, through data collected from a field study comprising offshore ISD projects executed by Indian vendors. Initial results indicate support for the ‘alignment’ argument. In future, we intend to do detailed theorizing, and ultimately test the model for different dependent variables, thereby contributing to the literature on alignment and control theory for offshore ISD

Casimir effect of electromagnetic field in Randall-Sundrum spacetime

We study the finite temperature Casimir effect on a pair of parallel perfectly conducting plates in Randall-Sundrum model without using scalar field analogy. Two different ways of interpreting perfectly conducting conditions are discussed. The conventional way that uses perfectly conducting condition induced from 5D leads to three discrete mode corrections. This is very different from the result obtained from imposing 4D perfectly conducting conditions on the 4D massless and massive vector fields obtained by decomposing the 5D electromagnetic field. The latter only contains two discrete mode corrections, but it has a continuum mode correction that depends on the thicknesses of the plates. It is shown that under both boundary conditions, the corrections to the Casimir force make the Casimir force more attractive. The correction under 4D perfectly conducting condition is always smaller than the correction under the 5D induced perfectly conducting condition. These statements are true at any temperature.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure