Nivel de estrés laboral del profesional de enfermería frente a la pandemia del Covid-19 en el puesto de salud Aguas Verdes, Tumbes 2022

En este estudio se tuvo como objetivo general determinar el nivel de estrés laboral que presentó el profesional de enfermería, frente a la pandemia del COVID-19 en el puesto de salud Aguas Verdes, Tumbes, el 2022. La muestra estuvo conformada por 30 profesionales de enfermería que laboran en este puesto de salud. De tipo cuantitativo, diseño descriptivo, de corte transversal. Como técnica de recolección de datos se utilizó la encuesta y como instrumento al cuestionario. Se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: El grado de estrés laboral del profesional de enfermería, presentado en la tabla N° 01, muestra una percepción de la población en estudio tienen un bajo nivel de estrés; en 73.3%. Respecto a las características laborales y de afrontamiento presentes en el profesional de enfermería, se observa en la tabla N° 02, que el 60.0% tienen nivel bajo, frente al 40.0% que tiene un nivel intermedio, el personal de salud, considera que parte del desarrollo de las labores y la forma en que se afrontan, no son factores que les produzcan alto nivel de estrés. En cuanto al aspecto organizacional y tecnológico se presenta en la tabla N°3 que fue del 60.0% al ser de carácter prácticos en su uso diario por los profesionales, se entienden y se adaptan con facilidad, motivo por el cual su uso no genera un alto grado de estrés. El aspecto psicosocial observado en la tabla N° 04 es de 73.3% de bajo nivel de estrés ya que en esta dimensión no tiene ningún tipo de situación estresante o si las tuviera son insignificantes. Se concluye que, el nivel de estrés laboral que presentan los profesionales de enfermería frente a la pandemia del COVID-19 se encuentra en un estadio bajo, debido a que está relacionado al momento en que se está viviendo la pandemia y el nivel de adaptación que el personal de salud ha logrado con la comunicación continua entre ellos y la población en general

Total hemoglobin reduction in the tumor volume correlates with response to breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy within two weeks of treatment

Optical imaging techniques have emerged as a possible alternative to predict pathological complete response (pCR) in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Our team developed a so-called diffuse optical tomographic breast imaging system (DOTBIS) which does not require the use of contrast agents or compression, and enables imaging of the whole breast volume using low intensity near infrared light capable to measure tissue concentration of oxy-hemoglobin (ctO2Hb), deoxy-hemoglobin (ctHHb) and water percentage. In this retrospective study, ctTHb changes in the tumor region of 16 breast cancer patients were analyzed across NAC. Both breasts of all patients have been scanned simultaneously with our DOTBIS system, Figure 1, which employs four wavelengths and gathers data from a total of 64 sources and 128 detectors per breast. A PDE-constrained multispectral image reconstruction code creates 3D image maps of total hemoglobin (ctHbT = ctO2Hb+ ctHHb). Tumor volume is selected by entering radiologic information such as tumor side, clock position and distance from the nipple (FN). An automated code was designed to select the highest value from the distance FN and the quadrant referent to the clock position. Subsequently, a region-based image segmentation method is implemented to examine neighboring pixels of the highest value point considering a mask of 90%. After tumor volume segmentation, we calculate the mean ctHbT extracted from the region of interest. An independent-samples t-test was run to determine if there were differences in ctTHb reduction in the tumor region before the third cycle of taxane between responders (n=4) and non-responders (n=12). ctTHb reduction was greater to pCR (45.71 ± 25.16 mM) than non-pCR tumors (-9.67 ± 25.65 mM), a statistically significant difference of 55.38 mM (95% CI, 23.74 to 87), t(14) = 3.755, p = .002, in Figure 2 we can see an example. From the ROC plot results, we can observe that ctTHb reduction in the tumor region after 2 cycles of Taxane is a good indicator to anticipate pCR status. With an area under the curve of 0.958, the best cut-off that maximizes sensitivity and specificity is 16.86mM. At this reduction level, the sensitivity is 100% and specificity is 91.7%. In conclusion, our findings indicate that DOTBIS-measured total hemoglobin in the tumor region may be a strong and independent predictor of treatment response to NAC. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Antibacterial activity of Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit) seed extract against selected antibiotic-resistant bacteria

The dried and powdered jackfruit seed were successively extracted with 95% ethanol. Phytochemicals testing of the extract was done to identify the constituents present. Different concentrations of the extract together with their respective positive and negative controls for each bacterium, was screened for their antibacterial activites using the disk diffusion method. Broth microdilution was used to determine the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and was confirmed by the determination of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results obtained from the study supports the conclusion that Artocarpus heterophyllus crude seed extract showed no remarkable effect against the selected antibiotic resistant bacteria

Effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the contralateral non-tumor-bearing breast assessed by diffuse optical tomography

Background The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the changes in optically derived parameters acquired with a diffuse optical tomography breast imager system (DOTBIS) in the contralateral non-tumor-bearing breast in patients administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer are associated with pathologic complete response (pCR). Methods In this retrospective evaluation of 105 patients with stage II–III breast cancer, oxy-hemoglobin (ctO2Hb) from the contralateral non-tumor-bearing breast was collected and analyzed at different time points during NAC. The earliest monitoring imaging time point was after 2–3 weeks receiving taxane. Longitudinal data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects modeling to evaluate the contralateral breast ctO2Hb changes across chemotherapy when corrected for pCR status, age, and BMI. Results Patients who achieved pCR to NAC had an overall decrease of 3.88 μM for ctO2Hb (95% CI, 1.39 to 6.37 μM), p = .004, after 2–3 weeks. On the other hand, non-pCR subjects had a non-significant mean reduction of 0.14 μM (95% CI, − 1.30 to 1.58 μM), p > .05. Mixed-effect model results indicated a statistically significant negative relationship of ctO2Hb levels with BMI and age. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the contralateral normal breast tissue assessed by DOTBIS is modifiable after NAC, with changes associated with pCR after only 2–3 weeks of chemotherapy