Conjunctival graft from pterygium tissue itself in primary pterygium surgery

Background: The aim of a study was to assess the efficacy of a new surgical technique that uses conjunctival tissuefrom the pterygium itself as a graft with a 180-degree rotation and fibrin glue in the primary pterygium surgery. Material and methods: For this non-comparative, interventional study, 36 eyes from 36 patients with primary pterygium were operated on between January 2019 and December 2019. Pterygium was used to create a thin conjunctival graft (CAG) layer in this technique. This pterygium layer was entirely separated from the underlying fibrovascular tissue and retained on the corneal surface. A thin conjunctival graft was transferred to the bare sclera bed with the epithelial side up and rotated 180° before adhering to the bare sclera bed with fibrin glue. The primary outcome was the recurrence of pterygium. Other secondary variables included graft edema and graft retraction. Results: The primary outcome was the recurrence of pterygium. Graft edema and graft retraction were considered as other complications. The average age was 47.5 years, with an 8-month follow-up. According to the study, the patients had an 8.3% recurrence rate (3 eyes out of 36). Graft edema was the only significant complication (52.77%, 19 eyes out of 36), which resolved without intervention. Graft retraction was the second most common complication, accounting for 27.7% of all cases (10 eyes out of 36). Conclusion: In this technique, there is no tissue wastage (as in excision), no trauma to the normal area (as in conjunctival autograft), no suture-related complications, and shorter operating time. This technique can be used as a safe and alternative to CAG for patients in whom CAG cannot be performed with very low recurrence rates and complications

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and spinal cord compression: a diagnostic challenge

We report a 25-year-old lady presenting to the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital with spinal cord compression. Initially we had a diagnostic difficulty, as its presentation was perplexing. Finally we pointed towards the diagnosis of non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma and proved it. This article carries a message for the clinicians as clinical fallacies were noticed towards pointing this diagnosis. We have clearly explained the shortcomings in evaluating a case making a diagnosis towards non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma and spinal cord compression, as many situations in the setting were simulating and overlapping

Depression. Anxiety and Stress among high school adolescent children in public and private schools: A comparative study

Background: With increasing competition children today experience more stress and academic pressure which is harmful for the well-being of the children and can result in devastating life situations. Objective: To study and compare the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among high school adolescent children in public and private schools Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was carried out among high school adolescent children. 120 children from private schools and 259 children from public schools were studied. DASS questionnaire was used to assess the depression, anxiety and stress among the study subjects. The data was expressed as proportion, and mean values. Appropriate statistical tests were applied. Results: In public schools, the female’s proportion was more compared to males 58.3% vs. 42% respectively while in private schools, both sexes were equally distributed. In public schools’ majority of the children were in tenth class while in private schools’ majority were in the ninth class at the time of the study. the overall prevalence of depression in the children from the public schools was found to be only 5%, that of anxiety was 20.8% and that of stress was 15.8%. the overall prevalence of depression in children from private schools was found to be 1.9%, that of anxiety was 20.5% and that of stress was 20.1%. 19% resorted to TV watching, 8.4% used internet, 17.4% reported playing, 13% engaged themselves in music, 37% spent time with friends, and 6% said they were busy with some or the other hobbies to cope with the depression, anxiety and stress. The mean score of depression and anxiety was found to be similar in children from public and private schools. But the stress score was significantly higher in children from public schools i.e. 21.6 compared to children from private schools i.e. 16.9 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In both the school’s anxiety and stress were found to be more among study participants. Depression was observed to be in less. But if they have more anxiety and stress and if it not taken proper care at this point of time, it might get converted into a state of depression