Biotechnologische Synthese enantiomerenreiner Aminosaeuren und ihrer Derivate aus D,L-5-monosubstituierten Hydantoinen Abschlussbericht

D,L-5-Monosubstituted hydantoins are appropriate precursors for the manufacture of optically pure D- or L-amino acids. As for the production of D-phenylglycine and its p-hydroxy counterpart, large scale processes of this type are realized. Concerning other unusual D- or L-amino acids, this procedure has not yet been established or economically important. On the other hand, the demand for these specialities has been increasing, e.g. as chiral building blocks for biologically active peptides. This project aimed at the development of a process for the production of a broad spectrum of arylsubstituted L- and D-amino acids via the microbial hydrolysis of racemic 5-substituted hydantoins. The L-specific way was successfully transferred up to a scale of several hundred liters for 3-(2'-thienyl)-L-alanine. The D-specific one resulted in a preliminary process on a lower level. Bioconversion does not precede beyond the N-carbamoyl intermediate, contrary to the L-specific bioprocess. Very high stereo-, but poor substrate specificity are inherent properties of both processes; thanks to a hydantoin racemate almost 100% of the racemate is directly converted into the product/intermediately desired. For economic reasons, mainly specialities of high value will be the target products. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: F95B401+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Cytoprotektive Arzneistoffe aus niederen marinen Organismen. Teilprojekt: Naturstoffgewinnung aus endosymbiontischen marinen Mikroorganismen Schlussbericht

From 15 marine sponges harvested at the Adriatic coast and in the Aegean Sea, respectively, we have isolated approximately 150 different bacteria. After cultivation and screening for novel natural compounds we have focussed on three bacteria, which showed interesting results in antimicrobial assays. The bacteria were identified by 16S rDNA technology and the molecular structures of the products were elucidated: Pseudoalteromonas piscicida from Crella rosea was able to synthesize hexadecenoic acid and heptadecenoic acid, resp., which were active against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Besides amino acid degradation compounds, Microbacterium spec. from Halichondria panicea produced a novel glycoglyerolipid. In the case of Staphylococcus hominis from Halichondria cratera unsaturated fatty acids were detected as antimicrobially acting substances. As for all three bacteria, intensive studies on the optimization of growth and natural compound production were carried out in 10 l - 50 l bioreactors. Up to 200 mg l"-"1 of pure active substances have been producted. To dominat glycoglycerolipid GGL.2 and its corresponding hydrolysis product (from alkaline treatment) showed good antitumoral properties; they inhibited the TPA induced activation of the Epstein-Barr-virus early antigen (EBV-EA). These compounds as well as the previously mentioned natural products were able to inhibit protein kinases too, but in a nonspecific manner. Some of the microbial crude products showed NMDA antagonistic effects in the ["3H]-MK 801 binding assay, other raw materials indicated cytotoxic effects on the tumoral cell line L5178Y. In the future it is necessary to use chromatographically enriched products for these studies. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F99B1246+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Prozesstechnik biologischer Produktionsverfahren: Polymere, Produkte. Gewinnung und Modifikation von mikrobiellen Exopolysacchariden Abschlussbericht

SIGLETIB Hannover: D.Dt.F. AC 1000(36,7) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Gewinnung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus Biomasse Schlussbericht

With 42 refs., 70 tabs., 35 figs.SIGLECopy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Einsatzmoeglichkeiten nativer Oele und Fette als Chemierohstoffe. 1.2: Biokatalytische Reaktionen von ungewoehnlichen Fettsaeuren mit Alkoholen und Zuckern Schlussbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F95B306+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Chemische Nutzung heimischer Pflanzenoele II. Biotenside und Folgeprodukte aus Triglyceriden/Kohlenhydraten Schlussbericht

Available from TIB Hannover: F02B1555 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Verbraucherschutz, Ernaehrung und Landwirtschaft (BMVEL), Berlin (Germany); Bundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, Berlin (Germany)DEGerman

Neue Einsatzmoeglichkeiten nativer Oele und Fette als Chemierohstoffe. 1.1: Isolierung, Charakterisierung und Anwendung mikrobieller Lipasen

As for the state of the art on the field of the lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of triglycerides especially with respect to our objectives, only a few lipases were isolated. But studies on product inhibition with pure lipases are not published until now. Our aim was to purify some microbial lipases before testing the influence of products. Finally we would like to present clear evidences which should not be restricted by the influence of both hydrophobic by-products as well as other proteins. We hoped to get important hints for process control of a technical fat hydrolysis. After microbial cultivation using shake flasks or bioreactors (up to 50 l), the extracellular lipases were purified by steps, including ultrafiltration and chromatography, sometimes in the presence of i-propanol or surfactants. Besides the determination of common parameters (molecular weight, pI, etc.) the elucidation of N-terminal sequences was successful. Studies on the product inhibition during the hydrolysis of olive oil revealed that especially free oleic, also linoleic, linoleic and lauric acid reduced the enzymatic activity. Besides it could be shown that these lipases were suitable for the ester synthesis (wax esters, glycolipids) in apolar solvents. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: D.Dt.F.QN1(17,8) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Systematic functional analysis of the mammalian genome using gene trrap approaches in embryonic stem cells

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DtF QN1(87,45) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Chemische Nutzung heimischer Pflanzenoele. Projekt: Biokatalytische Konversion heimischer Pflanzenoele zu Biotensiden Schlussbericht

Available from TIB Hannover: F98B1151+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Ernaehrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman