HEREFORD AND WORCESTER (Reino Unido). Mapas generales (1772?). 1:63360

Título y mención de responsabilidad tomados de la siguiente dedicatoria : "To the Right Honourable Earl of Coventry Lord Lieutenant & Custos Rotulorum of this Country And in Gratitude of the Assistance Receiv'd in this Work To the Right Honble. Lord Visit. Dudley Ec. The Honble. John Ward Esqr. Sir Edward Winnington... This Map of the County of Warcester, is most Humbly Dedicated by their Obedient and most Humble Servant Isaac Taylor"Junto a la dedicatoria figura "Ross, 1772"Escala nominal de 1 pulgada por milla estatuaria de 69 1/2 al grado, y gráfica de 5 millas estatutarias [= 12,2 cm]. Coordenadas referidas, al parecer, al meridiano de Londres, con un error en la constatación de los grados en longitud, ya que en ambos extremos figuran 2° (O 3°00'--O 2°00'/N 52°32'--N 51°58'). Red geográfica de 3' en 3'. Orientado con lis en rosa de treinta y dos vientosOrografía por normalesDestaca, por líneas de diferente color, los límites entre las divisiones administrativas del condado, con una relación de las ciudades y lugares pertenecientes a cada una de estas circunscripcionesTabla de signos convencionales para indicar las ciudades, molinos, castillos, accidentes geográficos, parroquias, caminos, etcTítulo enmarcado en cartela decorada con motivos florales, figura de Mercurio y objetos alusivos al mismo, y acompañado del grabado de una escena costumbrista. La escala gráfica y tabla de signos estan, igualmente, enmarcadas en cartel

DORSET (Reino Unido) (Inglaterra). Mapas generales (1765). 1:64000

Dedicatora : "To the Rl. Honble. the Earl of Shaftsbury Lord Lieutt ; and ustos Rotulrun. of the County of Dorset And in Gratitude for their genenous assistance in this Work... By their most Humble Servant Isaac Taylor"Escala gráfica de 5 millas estatutarias de 69 1/2 al grado [= 12,6 cm]. Coordenadas referidas al parecer, al meridiano de Londres (O 3°19'--O 1°54'/51°06'--N 50°28'). Red geográfica de 5' en 5' en longitud, y de 4`en 4`en latitud. Orientado con lis en rosa de ocho vientos, señalando también la variación magnética observadaOrografía a trazosTabla de signos convencionales para indicar parroquias, molinos, ríos, castillos demolidos, etcConsta una nota sobre las características geográficas de las costas representadasImpreso en siena y marrónTítulo enmarcado en cartela decorada con una escena mitológicaInserta varias vistas correspondientes a castillos y otros lugares del condado : "Corfe Castle" ; "Maiden Castle" ; "Amphitheatre at Dorchester" ; "Lullworth Castle" ; "Observatory at Hartoy" ; "Shirborne Castle

HEREFORD AND WORCESTER (Reino Unido). Planos de población (1757). 1:12377

Título redactado a partir del contenido del documentoDedicatoria : "To the Right Honble. ye Earl of Oxford High Steward of the City of Hereford, the Rt. Honble. & Rt. Rerd. Ld. James Beauclerck Lord Bishop of Hereford... and also to the Woschipful the Mayor, Aldermen and Citizens of Hereford, this Plan of the aforesaid City is most humbly Dedicated by their obligd & most Humble servant J. Taylor"Escala nominal de "chains & 66 yardas a 1 pulgada". Orientado con lis en rosa de cuatro vientosToponimia de las principales calles y plazasTabla estadística del número de casas y hatitantes que viven en cada una de las calles de la ciudadEnmarcados en cartelas rococos, siete perspectivas de los edificios más significativos de la ciudad, tanto civiles como religiosos, y una vista. Tabla estadística en cartela del mismo estilo. Dedicatoria en cartela enmarcada en paisaje rural, con escena alusiva al transporte fluvial y coronada por los escudos de la ciudad y el obispado de HerefordForma parte de la Colección Mendoz

American political philosophy : an inquiry as to the remedies for social and political evils proposed by Henry George and others / by James Taylor Columbus (Ohio) : Smythe, 1883

American political philosophy : an inquiry as to the remedies for social and political evils proposed by Henry George and others / by James Taylor Columbus (Ohio) : Smythe, 1883 86 p. ; 23 cm

HEREFORD AND WORCESTER (Reino Unido). O. Mapas generales (1786). 1:64400

Fecha de grabado más antigua que aparece en el documento: "T. Kitchin sulpt. 1754Escala gráfica de 5 millas estatutarias de 69 1/2 al grado [= 12,5 cm].Coordenadas referidas al meridiano de Londres (O 2°28'30''--O 3°19'32''/N 52°29'43''--N 51°53'07''). Recuadro geográfico de 3' en 3'. Orientado con lis en rosa ocho vientos, en la que se señala además la variación magnética observadaOrografía a trazosDestaca especialmente la división administrativaOrlado con escudos de armas del condadoTabla de signos convencionales para indicar edificios religiosos desde catedrales a capillas, núcleos de población antiguos y nuevos, ermitas aldeas, castillos en ruinas, lugares de realengo , residencias reales o de familias aristocráticas, batallas, campos, ruinas romanas, correos, palacios obispales, parques, molinos de vientos , distintos tipos de casas, aguas termales. etcLeyenda explicativa sobre la elaboración del mapa y su descripción, marcando caminos, explicando sus coordenadas respecto al meridiano, distancias, etc.Título en cartela barroca decorada con esenas campestres y labores agrícolasInserta : A General Plan of the City of Hereford. Escala indeterminada. Cuadrante orientación. Relación de los principales edificios y lugares de la ciudad, indicados por clave alfabétic

LOUTH (Irlanda). Condado. Mapas generales. 1777. 1:41200

Dedicatoria : "To John Foster Esquire, Knight of the Shire for the County of Louth ; This Map is with Gratitude & Respect Inscribed by this much ObligedEscalas gráficas de 6 millas británicas de 69 1/2 al grado [= 23,4 cm] y 4millas [= 19,9 cm]. Coordenadas referidas al meridiano de Londres (O 7°40'--O 7°04'/N 54°10'--53°41'). Recuadro geográfico de 5' en 5'. Orientado con lis en rosa de dieciseis vientos prolongadosOrografía a trazosIndica sondas batimétricas, veriles, y calidad del fondoDestaca especialmente la división administrativaTabla de signos convencionales para indicar colinas, línea de costa, ríos, bosques, caminos, asentamientos de caballeros campesinos, baronías, iglesas, parroquias, castillos en ruinasClave de abreviaturas para los edificios más destacadas representadosTabla que indica las distancias desde cinco lugares principales, respecto a otros puertos de menor importancia insertos en cada uno de esos cincoTítulo en cartela decorada con motivos vegetale

Inexpensive and non-toxic water repellent coatings comprising SiO2 nanoparticles and long chain fatty acids

Special wettability durable coatings, with average water contact angles exceeding 140°, have been fabricated utilising functionalised hydrophobic-SiO2(H-SiO2) particles embedded in fatty acids. The inexpensive and non-toxic H-SiO2particles imparted delicate lotus leaf inspired hierarchical surface nano-morphologies while the fatty acid modification afforded a suitable drop in surface energy. Comparison studies were carried out to explore the effects of fatty acid chain length and pipette as opposed to spray coating deposition methods on the coatings hydrophobicity. It was determined that the longest chain length fatty acid coatings showed enhanced hydrophobic properties due to their extended hydrophobic alkyl chain. A pipette deposited suspension containing H-SiO2nanoparticles and octadecanoic acid generated a coating with the most favourable average water contact and tilting angles of 142 ± 6° and 16 ± 2° respectively

Prevalence and Predictors of Vitamin D Insufficiency in Children: A Great Britain Population Based Study

Objectives To evaluate the prevalence and predictors of vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) in children In Great Britain. Design A nationally representative cross-sectional study survey of children (1102) aged 4–18 years (999 white, 570 male) living in private households (January 1997–1998). Interventions provided information about dietary habits, physical activity, socio-demographics, and blood sample. Outcome measures were vitamin D insufficiency (<50 nmol/L). Results Vitamin D levels (mean = 62.1 nmol/L, 95%CI 60.4–63.7) were insufficient in 35%, and decreased with age in both sexes (p<0.001). Young People living between 53–59 degrees latitude had lower levels (compared with 50–53 degrees, p = 0.045). Dietary intake and gender had no effect on vitamin D status. A logistic regression model showed increased risk of VDI in the following: adolescents (14–18 years old), odds ratio (OR) = 3.6 (95%CI 1.8–7.2) compared with younger children (4–8 years); non white children (OR = 37 [95%CI 15–90]); blood levels taken December-May (OR = 6.5 [95%CI 4.3–10.1]); on income support (OR = 2.2 [95%CI 1.3–3.9]); not taking vitamin D supplementation (OR = 3.7 [95%CI 1.4–9.8]); being overweight (OR 1.6 [95%CI 1.0–2.5]); <1/2 hour outdoor exercise/day/week (OR = 1.5 [95%CI 1.0–2.3]); watched >2.5 hours of TV/day/week (OR = 1.6[95%CI 1.0–2.4]). Conclusion We confirm a previously under-recognised risk of VDI in adolescents. The marked higher risk for VDI in non-white children suggests they should be targeted in any preventative strategies. The association of higher risk of VDI among children who exercised less outdoors, watched more TV and were overweight highlights potentially modifiable risk factors. Clearer guidelines and an increased awareness especially in adolescents are needed, as there are no recommendations for vitamin D supplementation in older children

Bistability in Apoptosis by Receptor Clustering

Apoptosis is a highly regulated cell death mechanism involved in many physiological processes. A key component of extrinsically activated apoptosis is the death receptor Fas, which, on binding to its cognate ligand FasL, oligomerize to form the death-inducing signaling complex. Motivated by recent experimental data, we propose a mathematical model of death ligand-receptor dynamics where FasL acts as a clustering agent for Fas, which form locally stable signaling platforms through proximity-induced receptor interactions. Significantly, the model exhibits hysteresis, providing an upstream mechanism for bistability and robustness. At low receptor concentrations, the bistability is contingent on the trimerism of FasL. Moreover, irreversible bistability, representing a committed cell death decision, emerges at high concentrations, which may be achieved through receptor pre-association or localization onto membrane lipid rafts. Thus, our model provides a novel theory for these observed biological phenomena within the unified context of bistability. Importantly, as Fas interactions initiate the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, our model also suggests a mechanism by which cells may function as bistable life/death switches independently of any such dynamics in their downstream components. Our results highlight the role of death receptors in deciding cell fate and add to the signal processing capabilities attributed to receptor clustering.Comment: Accepted by PLoS Comput Bio

Assessment of the incorporation of CNV surveillance into gene panel next-generation sequencing testing for inherited retinal diseases.

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic use of gene panel next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques is commonplace for individuals with inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs), a highly genetically heterogeneous group of disorders. However, these techniques have often failed to capture the complete spectrum of genomic variation causing IRD, including CNVs. This study assessed the applicability of introducing CNV surveillance into first-tier diagnostic gene panel NGS services for IRD. METHODS: Three read-depth algorithms were applied to gene panel NGS data sets for 550 referred individuals, and informatics strategies used for quality assurance and CNV filtering. CNV events were confirmed and reported to referring clinicians through an accredited diagnostic laboratory. RESULTS: We confirmed the presence of 33 deletions and 11 duplications, determining these findings to contribute to the confirmed or provisional molecular diagnosis of IRD for 25 individuals. We show that at least 7% of individuals referred for diagnostic testing for IRD have a CNV within genes relevant to their clinical diagnosis, and determined a positive predictive value of 79% for the employed CNV filtering techniques. CONCLUSION: Incorporation of CNV analysis increases diagnostic yield of gene panel NGS diagnostic tests for IRD, increases clarity in diagnostic reporting and expands the spectrum of known disease-causing mutations