African American Extended Family and Church‐Based Social Network Typologies

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136022/1/fare12218.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136022/2/fare12218_am.pd

Health, disability, psychological well-being, and depressive symptoms among older African American women

This study examines the demographic correlates of psychological well-being (i.e., happiness and life satisfaction) and mental health (i.e., depressive symptoms and serious psychological distress) among older African American women. Addition- ally, the relationships between self-rated physical and oral health and disability and psychological well-being and mental health are explored. Analyses are based on a nationally representative sample of older African American women from the National Survey of American Life. Results indicate that psychological well-being (i.e., life satisfaction and happiness) and mental health (i.e., depressive symptoms and serious psychological distress) are associated with specific demographic factors. In addition, self-rated health and limited mobility due to disability exerted significant influences on psychological well-being, depressive symptoms, and psychological distress. Findings are discussed in relation to prior research on demographic and health factors and their unique associations with well-being and mental status among older African American women.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107409/1/Health, Disability, Psychological Well-Being, and Depressive Symptoms among Older African American Women.pdfDescription of Health, Disability, Psychological Well-Being, and Depressive Symptoms among Older African American Women.pdf : Main articl

Church-based social support and suicidality among African Americans and Black Caribbeans

This study explores the relationship between church-based informal social support and lifetime prevalence of suicide ideation and attempts within a representative national sample of African American and Black Caribbean adults. Characteristics of church-based social support networks, as well as emotional support and negative interaction with church members were examined in relation to lifetime suicide ideation and attempts. This study used data from the National Survey of American Life (2001–2003). Frequency of interaction with church members was positively associa- ted with suicide attempts, while subjective closeness to church members was negatively associated with suicide ideation. Emotional support, service attendance, and negative interaction with church members were unrelated to both suicide ideation and attempts. Findings are discussed in relation to research on church-based support networks, dif- ferent models linking church support and suicidality, and the mechanisms by which church-based networks deter suicide ideation and attempts.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107407/1/Church based social support Chatters et al 2011.pdfDescription of Church based social support Chatters et al 2011.pdf : Main articl

Implementation of an Interprofessional Medication Therapy Management Experience

Objective. To measure the impact of an interprofessional experience (IPE) in medication therapy management (MTM) on students' attitudes and skills regarding interprofessional collaboration (IPC). Methods. This interprofessional MTM experience spanned three weeks, with health science students (medicine, nursing, nutrition, and pharmacy) meeting once weekly. The IPE facilitated interprofessional student collaboration via small-group sessions to conduct MTM consultations for patients with complex chronic conditions. Student learning and attitudinal changes were evaluated by comparing pre- and post-IPE survey responses and a qualitative summary of the students' clinical recommendations. Efficacy of student groups was measured via patient satisfaction surveys and was reported by frequency of response. Results. Twenty-seven students participated in the program and 22 completed both pre- and post-IPE surveys (81% response rate). The survey included open-ended and Likert-type items assessing students' attitudes and skills regarding the IPE as well as their reactions to the experience. Significant changes were observed for two attitudinal items regarding interprofessional teams: maintaining enthusiasm/interest and responsiveness to patients' emotional and financial needs. Patient-reported satisfaction and students' complex clinical recommendations provided further evidence of student learning. Conclusion. This novel IPE in MTM promoted interprofessional collaboration and education in this unique patient care area. Students' attitudes toward and skills in interprofessional collaboration improved, and the patients who received care reported positive experiences. Many health professions programs face challenges in meeting IPE requirements. The results of our study may provide the impetus for other institutions to develop similar programs to meet this urgent need.This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Subjective well-being of older African Americans with DSM IV psychiatric disorders

This study examined demographic and mental health correlates of subjective well-being (i.e., life satisfaction, happiness) using a national sample of older African Americans with psychiatric disorders. We used a subsample of 185 African Americans, 55 and older with at least one of thirteen lifetime psychiatric disorders from The National Survey of American Life: Coping with Stress in the Twenty-first Century. The findings indicated that among this population of older adults who had a lifetime psychiatric dis- order, having a lifetime suicidal ideation was associated with life satisfaction but not happiness. Further, having a 12-month anxiety disorder or a lifetime suicidal ideation was not associated with happiness. Having a 12-month mood disorder, however, was negatively associated with an individual’s level of happiness, as well as their life satisfaction. Additionally, there were two significant interactions. Among men, employment was pos- itively associated with life satisfaction, and marriage was associated with higher levels of happiness among men but not women. The overall pattern of findings reflects both simi- larities and departures from prior research confirming that well-being evaluations are associated with multiple factors.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107412/1/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10902-013-9470-7(1).pdfDescription of art%3A10.1007%2Fs10902-013-9470-7(1).pdf : Main articl

The relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder and religious faith: Clinical characteristics and implications for treatment

This paper explores the relationship between religion and obsessive–compulsive dis- order (OCD), with particular interest in religion’s possible influence in the development of OCD and its impact on treatment outcome. The paper begins with a review of theoretical and research literatures concerning religious involvement, research evidence linking religious involvement and physical and mental health, and theoretical linkages supporting both positive and negative religious effects on health. Following this, we provide a general overview and description of OCD and information concerning the prevalence and incidence of religiously based OCD. Next, extant research linking religion and OCD is presented. Information relevant to the clinical treatment of OCD with religious content is discussed. Finally, practice implications for clinicians and clergy are provided.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107413/1/2011-11166-001.pdfDescription of 2011-11166-001.pdf : Main articl

Survey of Australian equine veterinarians evaluating their biosecurity training and perceptions and opinions about the management of the 2007 equine influenza outbreak

Objectives To evaluate the level of biosecurity training among Australian equine veterinarians, to assess their biosecurity and infectious disease perceptions and their opinions about the 2007 equine influenza outbreak management. Design Cross sectional study. Procedure A survey was conducted among equine veterinarians attending the 2010 annual conference of the Equine Veterinarian Association (EVA) in Australia. Data were collected using a selfcompleted questionnaire and analysed using Fisher’s exact tests to assess veterinarians’ level of biosecurity training, infectious disease perceptions and views regarding the 2007 equine influenza outbreak management. Results A total of 46 out of the 196 attending veterinarians (23.5%) completed the questionnaire. Significantly greater proportions of recently graduated veterinarians received theoretical and practical biosecurity training at veterinary schools than their counterparts The majority considered their likelihood of spreading infectious diseases from one client’s horse to another to be low (84%). More than half (58%) of the veterinarians considered that hand-washing/ wearing gloves was very effective in preventing disease spread. However, around a quarter (27%) reported a degree of reservation about the practicality of performing general biosecurity practices in everyday working life. Overall veterinarians were satisfied with the equine influenza outbreak response but had mixed opinions about the control measures used and communications. Conclusion Levels of biosecurity training and the frequency of biosecurity advice provided by veterinarians have increased over time, although practicality of biosecurity practices is a concern for some of the veterinarians. Further investigations of the barriers for the use of various biosecurity practices are required in order to inform training programs. Keywords: equine, veterinarians, biosecurity, perceptions, equine influenza, training.financial support of the Rural Industries, Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC

Horse owners' biosecurity practices following the first equine influenza outbreak in Australia

A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 759 Australian horse owners to determine their biosecurity practices and perceptions one year after the 2007 equine influenza outbreak and to investigate the factors influencing these perceptions and practices. A web link to an online questionnaire was sent to 1224 horse owners as a follow-up to a previous study to obtain information about biosecurity perceptions and practices, impacts of the 2007 EI outbreak, demographic information and information about horse industry involvement. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with poor biosecurity practices. Biosecurity compliance (low, medium, high), as determined by horse owners’ responses to a 16-item question on the frequency of various biosecurity measures, was used as the outcome variable in ordinal logistic regression analyses. Variables with a univariable p-value ≤0.2 were eligible for inclusion in multivariable models built using a manual stepwise approach. Variables with a p-value <0.05 in multivariable models were retained in the final model. Two potential confounders - age and gender of participants- were included in the final model irrespective of their p-values. Thirty percent of the respondents had low biosecurity compliance and were performing biosecurity practices ‘not very often’ or ‘never’. Younger people, people with two or more children, those who were not involved with horses commercially and those who had no long-term business impacts resulting from the 2007 EI outbreak were more likely to have lower biosecurity compliance. People who were not fearful of a future outbreak of equine influenza in Australia and those who thought their current hygiene and access control practices were not very effective in protecting their horses also had poor biosecurity practices. In this observational study we identified factors associated with a group of horse owners with low levels of biosecurity compliance. As this cross-sectional study only assesses associations, the identified factors should be further investigated in order to be considered in the design of extension activities to increase horse owners’ biosecurity compliance. Keywords: Biosecurity; Equine; Owner perceptions; Ordinal logistic regression

Comorbid mood and anxiety disorders, suicidal behavior, and substance abuse among Black Caribbeans in the U.S.A.

The purpose of this study was to examine nativity and country of origin differences in comorbid mood (major depressive disorder, dysthymia, and bipolar I and II disorders) and anxiety (post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, agora- phobia, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, and obsessive compulsive disor- der) disorders among Black Caribbeans in the U.S.A. The paper also examines the relationship between comorbid psychiatric disorders and substance abuse disorders and suicidal behavior. Data are taken from the Black Caribbean sub-sample (N0 1,621) of the National Survey of American Life. Multinomial logistic regression and logistic regression analysis are used and odd ratios, relative risk ratios, and 95 % confidence intervals are presented. Seven percent (7.19 %) of respondents had comorbid mood and anxiety disorders, 8.66 % had a mood disorder only, and 11.46 % had an anxiety disorder only. First-generation Black Caribbeans were less likely than US-born respondents to have a lifetime mood or anxiety disorder and also less likely to have a lifetime substance disorder or a lifetime suicidal attempt. Black Caribbean men were more likely than Black Caribbean women to: (1) have anxiety disorders only versus neither mood or anxiety disorders, (2) to have a substance disorder, and (3) to have had a suicidal attempt. Lastly, Black Caribbeans with both mood and anxiety disorders have significantly higher rates of mental health services utilization. These and other findings are discussed in detail.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107408/1/10.1007_s12111-012-9237-y.pdfDescription of 10.1007_s12111-012-9237-y.pdf : Main articl

Group 6 complexes as electrocatalysts of CO2 reduction: strong substituent control of the reduction path of [Mo(η3-allyl)(CO)2(x,x′- dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)(NCS)] (x = 4-6)

A series of complexes [Mo(η3-allyl)(CO)2)(x,x′-dmbipy)(NCS)] (dmbipy = dimethyl-2,2ʹ-bipyridine; x = 4-6) have been synthesized and their electrochemical reduction investigated using combined cyclic voltammetry (CV) and variable-temperature spectroelectrochemistry (IR/UV-vis SEC) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and butyronitrile (PrCN), at gold and platinum electrodes. The experimental results, strongly supported by DFT calculations, indicate that the general cathodic path of these Group-6 organometallic complexes is closely related to that of the intensively studied class of Mn tricarbonyl α-diimine complexes, themselves recently identified as important smart materials for catalytic CO2 reduction. The dimethyl substitution on the 2,2ʹ-bipyridine ligand backbone has presented new insights into this emerging class of catalysts. For the first time, the 2e‒ reduced 5-coordinate anions [Mo(η3-allyl)(CO)2)(x,x′-dmbipy)]‒ were directly observed with IR SEC. The role of steric and electronic effects in determining the reduction-induced reactivity was also investigated. For the 6,6′-dmbipy, the primary 1e‒ reduced radical anions exert unusual stability radically changing the follow up cathodic path. The 5-coordinate anion [Mo(η3-allyl)(CO)2)(6,6′-dmbipy)]‒ remains stable at low temperature in strongly coordinating butyronitrile and does not undergo dimerization at elevated temperature, in sharp contrast to reactive [Mo(η3-allyl)(CO)2)(4,4′-dmbipy)]‒ that tends to dimerize in a reaction with the parent complex. The complex with the 5,5′-dmbipy ligand combines both types of reactivity. Under aprotic conditions, the different properties of [Mo(η3-allyl)(CO)2)(x,x′-dmbipy)]‒ are also reflected in their reactivity towards CO2. Preliminary CV and IR SEC results reveal differences in the strength of CO2 coordination at the free axial position. Catalytic waves attributed to the generation of the 5-coordinate anions were observed by CV, but only a modest catalytic performance towards the production of formate was demonstrated by IR SEC. For 6,6′-dmbipy, a stronger catalytic effect was observed for the Au cathode compared to Pt