Проект «Духовно-нравственная культура студенческой молодежи» как основа теоретического моделирования духовно-нравственной компетенции студентов российских и казахстанских вузов

Analysis of the current socio-cultural situation in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan shows that there is a need to promote and carry out activities in the field of enriching the spiritual experience of students, the formation of their spiritual and moral culture, which plays the role of the sociocultural code of the country and ensures the creation of a single field of ideological paradigm of views and beliefs. As a consequence of the absence of these special regulators, Russia and Kazakhstan face problems hindering the transition to a strategy of priority development.The innovativeness of the proposed approach to the formation of the spiritual and moral culture of university students lies in the proposal to include in the clusters of common cultural and professional competencies of SMC competence as a method of competence ensuring its complementarity in any subject, the possibility of developing and implementing individual educational programs and educational work programs. The development of a multifactor model of the spiritual and moral development of human potential necessary to preserve the cultural and genetic code of a nation in a changing socio-cultural environment, to ensure human security in the emerging polycentric world at the stage of higher education, is accompanied by testing and is adjusted.El análisis de la situación sociocultural actual en la Federación Rusa y la República de Kazajstán muestra que es necesario promover y llevar a cabo actividades en el campo del enriquecimiento de la experiencia espiritual de los estudiantes, la formación de su cultura espiritual y moral, que desempeña el papel del código sociocultural del país y garantiza la creación de un campo único de paradigma ideológico de puntos de vista y creencias. Como resultado de la falta de reguladores especiales, Rusia y Kazajstán enfrentan problemas que impiden la transición a una estrategia de desarrollo prioritario.La innovación del enfoque propuesto para la formación de la cultura espiritual y moral de los estudiantes universitarios reside en la propuesta de incluir en los grupos de competencias culturales y profesionales generales de la competencia del ADN como método de competencia, asegurando su complementariedad en cualquier tema, la posibilidad de desarrollar e implementar programas educativos individuales y programas de trabajo educativo. El desarrollo de un modelo multifactorial del desarrollo espiritual y moral del potencial humano necesario para preservar el código cultural y genético de una nación en un entorno sociocultural cambiante, garantizando la seguridad humana en el mundo policéntrico emergente en la etapa de educación superior, se acompaña de pruebas y se ajusta.Анализ современной социокультурной ситуации в Российской Федерации и Республике Казахстан показывает, что назрела необходимость содействия и осуществления деятельности в области обогащения духовного опыта студентов, формирования их духовно-нравственной культуры, выполняющей роль социокультурного кода страны и обеспечивающей создание единого поля мировоззренческой парадигмы взглядов и убеждений. Как следствие отсутствия специальных регуляторов, Россия и Казахстан сталкиваются с проблемами, препятствующими переходу к стратегии опережающего развития. Инновационность предлагаемого подхода к формированию духовно-нравственной культуры студентов вузов заключается в предложении включить в кластеры общекультурных и профессиональных компетенций ДНК-компетенции как метакомпетенции, обеспечивающей её комплиментарность в любой предмет, возможность разработки и реализации индивидуальных образовательных программ и программ воспитательной работы. Разработка многофакторной модели духовно-нравственного развития человеческого потенциала, необходимого для сохранения культурно-генетического кода нации в изменяющейся социокультурной среде, обеспечения безопасности человека в формирующемся полицентричном мире на этапе получения высшего образования, сопровождается апробацией и корректируется

CLUSTER OF EDUCATIONAL COMPETENCES IN THE SYSTEM OF VALUES OF DESIGN STUDIES STUDENTS

Russia is solving this issue by reforming the system of higher education, particularly, by establishing university-based educational clusters that bring together the educational and research potential of the university and business itself, which a Bachelor's training is focused on. Following the Bologna Process, the Federal State Educational Standard specifies that all training programmes should offer several occupations that a student can master. The first place is taken by the occupations directly related to the selected training programme and educational programme specialisation. For example, for Design Studies students this is Art, Design, and IT. The bottom of the list is organizational, management and teaching activities

FORMING A CLUSTER OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

Extensive development of industrial civilization, integration of science and culture as well as global changes in the world expect university graduates to possess new qualities and, thus, respond quickly to the challenges of time, join innovative processes, use the competences in brand new conditions, and constantly acquire new ones. Russia is solving this issue by reforming the system of higher education, particularly, by establishing university-based educational clusters that bring together the educational and research potential of the university and business itself, which a Bachelor's training is focused on. Following the Bologna Process, the Federal State Educational Standard specifies that all training programmes should offer several occupations that a student can master. The first place is taken by the occupations directly related to the selected training programme and educational programme specialisation. For example, for Design Studies students this is Art, Design, and IT. Th

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit

Prospects and transformation factors of the institute of logistics providers in the Russian Federation

The selected topic of the analysis is relevant, since the restoration of the chains disturbed by the COVID-19 pandemic is possible on the basis of digitalization and consolidation of the logistics services market, increasing the innovative mobility of its entities. That is why the purpose of our paper we have chosen to make the analysis of the prospects and problems of the logistics provider development as a special subject of the logistics services market in the terms of contemporary challenges. In the course of working on the paper, the methodology of systems analysis, analysis methods, synthesis and comparative analysis were used. As a result of a comparative analysis of the main 3PL and 4PL providers, the competitive strategic advantages of the latter were revealed. In this regard, the authors have developed a hypothesis: as the time lag of uncertainty increases, the demand for 4PL provider services will grow. The paper considers the structure of the modern competitive environment, in which, according to the authors, the point of growing the domestic 4PL providers and increasing their innovative mobility will be the 3PL providers partnership with startups and their acquisition of new players in specific process areas. At the end of the paper, some barriers are specified that may prevent the implementation of the strategic partnership between the entities of the logistics services market. Conclusions: Formation of the 4PL providers institution is an advance tool for increasing the logistics industry resistance to stress. The scope of the analysis results can be advisory for logisticians, logistics intermediaries and public authorities

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HUGO CH VES’S SOCIAL POLICY (2007–2011)

Abstract: During the years of 2007–2011 Venezuela’s government continued the battle with poverty and unemployment, growing nutritional and housing deficit. Also some measures have been adopted to make education and health service more accessible for the population of the country. Thus the government activity in the sphere of social politics has had fragmented character and has been recepient-oriented to achieve shortterm effects to win presidential elections in October 2012

Prospects and transformation factors of the institute of logistics providers in the Russian Federation

The selected topic of the analysis is relevant, since the restoration of the chains disturbed by the COVID-19 pandemic is possible on the basis of digitalization and consolidation of the logistics services market, increasing the innovative mobility of its entities. That is why the purpose of our paper we have chosen to make the analysis of the prospects and problems of the logistics provider development as a special subject of the logistics services market in the terms of contemporary challenges. In the course of working on the paper, the methodology of systems analysis, analysis methods, synthesis and comparative analysis were used. As a result of a comparative analysis of the main 3PL and 4PL providers, the competitive strategic advantages of the latter were revealed. In this regard, the authors have developed a hypothesis: as the time lag of uncertainty increases, the demand for 4PL provider services will grow. The paper considers the structure of the modern competitive environment, in which, according to the authors, the point of growing the domestic 4PL providers and increasing their innovative mobility will be the 3PL providers partnership with startups and their acquisition of new players in specific process areas. At the end of the paper, some barriers are specified that may prevent the implementation of the strategic partnership between the entities of the logistics services market. Conclusions: Formation of the 4PL providers institution is an advance tool for increasing the logistics industry resistance to stress. The scope of the analysis results can be advisory for logisticians, logistics intermediaries and public authorities

FORMING A CLUSTER OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

Extensive development of industrial civilization, integration of science and culture as well as global changes in the world expect university graduates to possess new qualities and, thus, respond quickly to the challenges of time, join innovative processes, use the competences in brand new conditions, and constantly acquire new ones. Russia is solving this issue by reforming the system of higher education, particularly, by establishing university-based educational clusters that bring together the educational and research potential of the university and business itself, which a Bachelor's training is focused on. Following the Bologna Process, the Federal State Educational Standard specifies that all training programmes should offer several occupations that a student can master. The first place is taken by the occupations directly related to the selected training programme and educational programme specialisation. For example, for Design Studies students this is Art, Design, and IT. Th

CLUSTER OF EDUCATIONAL COMPETENCES IN THE SYSTEM OF VALUES OF DESIGN STUDIES STUDENTS

Russia is solving this issue by reforming the system of higher education, particularly, by establishing university-based educational clusters that bring together the educational and research potential of the university and business itself, which a Bachelor's training is focused on. Following the Bologna Process, the Federal State Educational Standard specifies that all training programmes should offer several occupations that a student can master. The first place is taken by the occupations directly related to the selected training programme and educational programme specialisation. For example, for Design Studies students this is Art, Design, and IT. The bottom of the list is organizational, management and teaching activities

Value of the decision-making mechanism in business management

The article discusses the essence and significance of the decision-making mechanism in business management. Highlighted and given the characteristics of the main components of management decisions, which largely determine the assessment and selection of the optimum strategy for managing the activities of the organization. The assessment of the influence of the internal and external environment of the company both on the process of making a managerial decision and on the quality of the decision itself is given. The stages of the mechanism for making managerial decisions are investigated and, depending on the level of decision making, only the steps are considered that are required to solve the managerial problem. Methods or groups of methods are identified that are most effective at each stage of the process, both on the basis of assessing their advantages and disadvantages, and systematization and generalization of theoretical and practical experience. Studies have shown the dependence of the level of managerial potential, which determines the quality of decisions made, on the managerial level, professional competencies of the manager. It is concluded that it is required to use an integrated approach based on a systematic analysis of the assessment and selection of optimum business management methods at each stage of the business management decision-making process