On the computation of Voros coefficients via middle convolutions : Dedicated to Professor T.Aoki on his 60th birthday (Exponential Analysis of Differential Equations and Related Topics)

"Exponential Analysis of Differential Equations and Related Topics". October 15～18, 2013. edited by Yoshitsugu Takei. The papers presented in this volume of RIMS Kôkyûroku Bessatsu are in final form and refereed.We study the Voros coefficients of linear ordinary differential equations with a large parameter obtained via middle convolutions. By the middle convolution, a new parameter is introduced to the equation. We determine its dependency to the Voros coefficients explicitly

Direct and indirect effects of joint torque inputs during an induced speed analysis of a swinging motion

This study proposed a method to quantify direct and indirect effects of the joint torque inputs in the speed-generating mechanism of a swinging motion. Linear and angular accelerations of all segments within a multi-linked system can be expressed as the sum of contributions from a joint torque term, gravitational force term and motion-dependent term (MDT), where the MDT is a nonlinear term consisting of centrifugal force, Coriolis force and a gyroscopic effect moment. Direct effects result from angular accelerations induced by a joint torque at a given instant, whereas indirect effects arise through the MDT induced by joint torques exerted in the past. These two effects were quantified for the kicking-side leg during a rugby place kick. The MDT was the largest contributor to the foot centre of gravity (CG)’s speed at ball contact. Of the factors responsible for generating the MDT, the direct and indirect effects of the hip flexion-extension torque during both the flight phase (from the final kicking foot take-off to support foot contact) and the subsequent support phase (from support foot contact to ball contact) were important contributors to the foot CG’s speed at ball contact. The indirect effect of the ankle plantar-dorsal flexion torque and the direct effect of the knee flexion-extension torque during the support phase showed the largest positive and negative contributions to the foot CG’s speed at ball contact, respectively. The proposed method allows the identification of which individual joint torque axes are crucial and the timings of joint torque exertion that are used to generate a high speed of the distal point of a multi-linked system

Irregular modified A-Hypergeometric systems

A modified A-hypergeometric system is a system of differential equations for the function f(t w · x) where f(y) is a solution of an A-hypergeometric system in n variables and w is an n dimensional integer vector, which is called the weight vector. We study the irregularity of modified systems by adapting to this case the notion of umbrella introduced by M. Schulze and U. Walther. Especially, we study slopes and Gevrey series solutions. We develop some applications of this study. Under some conditions we give Laplace integral representations of divergent series solutions of the modified system and we show that certain Gevrey series solutions of the original A-hypergeometric system along coordinate varieties are Gevrey asymptotic expansions of holomorphic solutions of the A-hypergeometric system.Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciónFondo Europeo de Desarrollo RegionalJunta de AndalucíaMax Planck Institute für MathematikJapan Society for the Promotion of Scienc

Effect of Using Additives at Ensiling on the Fermentation Quality of Common Reed (\u3cem\u3ePhragmites communis\u3c/em\u3e Trin.) Silage

The common reed (Phragmites communis Trin.) is a wild grass species widely distributed throughout Japan and the world, growing in thousands of abandoned paddy fields and riverside sites. Most of the common reed in Japan is burned or left to become a weed that grows thickly in canals and reclaimed lands, becoming breeding places for diseases and pests (Holm et al. 1977). The biodiversity of plants can be disrupted by an expanding community of common reed whose sward height is 1.5–4.0 m (Ailstock et al. 2001). The common reed should be controlled and made use of if possible, and a role for common reed as feed may solve a number of issues regarding this species. The common reed grown in marsh can be harvested as round baled silage using a chopping whole crop harvester (WB1030DX, Takakita Co., Mie, Japan) and a self-propelled bale wrapper (SW1110W, Takakita Co., Mie, Japan). However, few studies have been conducted on methods of preparing high-quality silage out of common reed. Here we conducted several trials using a small-scale system to determine the effects of adding glucose, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and acremonium cellulase at ensiling on the fermentation quality of common reed silage