高齢者における歯科治療前の不整脈

Seventy-five dental patients between the ages of 65 and 94, who had previously been diagnosed as having cardiovascular diseases (CVD), were observed between January 1995 and August 1998. The visits were conducted either in the hospital or at home. There were a total of 477 patient-visits, and at each patient-visit, an ECG (lead II) was monitored for 5 minutes as part of a general health assessment before dental treatment. As a result, various arrhythmias were found. One patient was prescribed an antiarrhythmic drug because of ventricular bigeminy. Dental treatment was deferred for two patients because of multiple VPC or sinus tachycardia. In this study, we found that a potentially serious arrhythmia in patients with no history of arrhythmia, and routine pre-operative assessments including an ECG are recommended

Cardiosphere-derived exosomal microRNAs for myocardial repair in pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy

Although cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) improve cardiac function and outcomes in patients with single ventricle physiology, little is known about their safety and therapeutic benefit in children with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of CDCs in a porcine model of DCM and translate the preclinical results into this patient population. A swine model of DCM using intracoronary injection of microspheres created cardiac dysfunction. Forty pigs were randomized as preclinical validation of the delivery method and CDC doses, and CDC-secreted exosome (CDCex)–mediated cardiac repair was analyzed. A phase 1 safety cohort enrolled five pediatric patients with DCM and reduced ejection fraction to receive CDC infusion. The primary endpoint was to assess safety, and the secondary outcome measure was change in cardiac function. Improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial fibrosis were noted in animals treated with CDCs compared with placebo. These functional benefits were mediated via CDCex that were highly enriched with proangiogenic and cardioprotective microRNAs (miRNAs), whereas isolated CDCex did not recapitulate these reparative effects. One-year follow-up of safety lead-in stage was completed with favorable profile and preliminary efficacy outcomes. Increased CDCex-derived miR-146a-5p expression was associated with the reduction in myocardial fibrosis via suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and transcripts. Collectively, intracoronary CDC administration is safe and improves cardiac function through CDCex in a porcine model of DCM. The safety lead-in results in patients provide a translational framework for further studies of randomized trials and CDCex-derived miRNAs as potential paracrine mediators underlying this therapeutic strategy

Overexpression of c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptors in human prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c-met proto-oncogene product (c-Met) have varied biological functions in different tissues and have been implicated in mitogenic, motogenic and morphogenic responses in both organ regeneration and carcinogenesis. Some studies have suggested that the overexpression of c-Met and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are associated with growth advantage, while transforming growth factor-beta receptor II (TGF beta R II) is associated with growth disadvantage of human prostatic adenocarcinoma. However, it is unclear if the expression of c-Met correlates with the expression of EGFR and TGF beta R II, and with the proliferative status of human prostatic adenocarcinoma. Using immunohistochemical staining with anti-c-Met (C-12), anti-EGFR (NCL-EGFR) and anti-TGF beta R II (L-21) antibodies, we determined the frequency of expression of c-MET, EGFR, and TGF beta R II respectively in a series of 134 radical prostatectomy specimens. We evaluated the relationship between the expression of these receptors and clinicopathological characteristics. Overall, c-Met immunostaining was detected in 54 of 134 (40.3%) cases, EGFR in 45 (33.6%) and TGF beta R II in 64 (48.4%). The overexpression of c-Met was significantly more common in poorly differentiated (P &#60; 0.0001) and in the diffusely infiltrated specimens (P &#60; 0.0005). In contrast, TGF beta R II was significantly overexpressed in the well differentiated specimens (P &#60; 0.0001) and associated negatively with c-Met (P &#60; 0.0001). Overall, these data suggest that c-Met/HGF receptor and TGF beta R II overexpression may be involved in the differentiation of human prostatic adenocarcinoma, c-Met with de-differentiation and TGF beta R II with differentiation.</p

Intracoronary Autologous Cardiac Progenitor Cell Transfer in Patients With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (TICAP) : A Prospective Phase 1 Controlled Trial

RATIONALE: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) remains a lethal congenital cardiac defect. Recent studies have suggested that intracoronary administration of autologous cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) may improve ventricular function. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to test whether intracoronary delivery of CDCs is feasible and safe in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between January 5, 2011, and January 16, 2012, 14 patients (1.8±1.5 years) were prospectively assigned to receive intracoronary infusion of autologous CDCs 33.4±8.1 days after staged procedures (n=7), followed by 7 controls with standard palliation alone. The primary end point was to assess the safety, and the secondary end point included the preliminary efficacy to verify the right ventricular ejection fraction improvements between baseline and 3 months. Manufacturing and intracoronary delivery of CDCs were feasible, and no serious adverse events were reported within the 18-month follow-up. Patients treated with CDCs showed right ventricular ejection fraction improvement from baseline to 3-month follow-up (46.9%±4.6% to 52.1%±2.4%; P=0.008). Compared with controls at 18 months, cardiac MRI analysis of CDC-treated patients showed a higher right ventricular ejection fraction (31.5%±6.8% versus 40.4%±7.6%; P=0.049), improved somatic growth (P=0.0005), reduced heart failure status (P=0.003), and lower incidence of coil occlusion for collaterals (P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Intracoronary infusion of autologous CDCs seems to be feasible and safe in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome after staged surgery. Large phase 2 trials are warranted to examine the potential effects of cardiac function improvements and the long-term benefits of clinical outcomes

遺伝学・生態生理学的解析に基づいた、海浜と湖岸に生育するハマエンドウにおける適応的分化

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(人間・環境学)甲第19085号人博第738号新制||人||177(附属図書館)26||人博||738(吉田南総合図書館)32036京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科相関環境学専攻(主査)教授 瀬戸口 浩彰, 教授 加藤 眞, 教授 市岡 孝朗学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Human and Environmental StudiesKyoto UniversityDGA

Development of microsatellite markers for Vitex rotundifolia (Verbenaceae), an endangered coastal plant in Lake Biwa, Japan

[Premise of the study]: Microsatellite loci were developed forVitex rotundifolia, an endangered species isolated to Lake Biwa, to investigate its genetic diversity and population structure. [Methods and Results]: Ten primer sets were identified in Japanese populations of V. rotundifolia. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to six and gene diversity per locus ranged from 0.040 to 0.697 between two populations. In addition, all loci could be successfully amplified in V. trifolia. [Conclusions]: These markers will be useful for studies of genetic diversity and population structure of endangered species isolated to Lake Biwa of V. rotundifolia, to aid in the development of conservation strategies

Minimal triangulation of a graph and optimal pivoting order in a sparse matrix

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of finding a minimal triangulation of an undirected graph G = (V, E), where a triangulation is a set T such that every cycle in G = (V, E ∪ T) has a chord. A triangulation T is minimal (minimum) if no triangulation F exists such that F is a proper subset of T (¦F¦ < ¦T¦), and an ordering α is optimal (optimum) if a minimal (minimum) triangulation is generated by α. A minimum triangulation (optimum ordering) is necessarily minimal (optimal), but the converse is not necessarily true. A necessary and sufficient condition for a triangulation to be minimal is presented. This leads to an algorithm for finding an optimal ordering α which produces a minimal set of “fill-in” when the process is viewed as triangular factorization of a sparse matrix