Slow decay of dynamical correlation functions for nonequilibrium quantum states

A property of dynamical correlation functions for nonequilibrium states is discussed. We consider arbitrary dimensional quantum spin systems with local interaction and translationally invariant states with nonvanishing current over them. A correlation function between local charge and local Hamiltonian at different spacetime points is shown to exhibit slow decay.Comment: typos correcte

IgA 腎症における腎生検後 5 年間の治療反応性と腎予後の関連性

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common type of primary glomerulonephritis. Since most patients have a relatively benign renal prognosis, long-term follow-up is required. During such a long course of disease, relapse of IgAN is occasionally observed after upper respiratory tract infection or without any trigger. However, little is known about the impact of relapse on long-term renal outcomes. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study of biopsy-proven primary IgAN, we analyzed the association of 5-year therapeutic responsiveness (relapse) with the subsequent development of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) using a 5-year landmark analysis (Cox model) and explored predictors of relapse from histological and clinical data at baseline. Results: Among 563 patients from the exploratory cohort, most relapses (13.7%) occurred within 5 years after treatment. Using 5-year landmark analysis, among 470 patients, 79 developed ESKD during a median follow-up period of 155 months. Even after adjustment for clinicopathological relevant confounders, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) in the relapse and non-responder groups compared with the remission group were 2.86 (1.41-5.79) and 2.74 (1.48-5.11), respectively. Among 250 patients who achieved remission within 5 years, proteinuria, eGFR, mesangial hypercellularity, endocapillary hypercellularity, segmental sclerosis, and crescent, but not interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy, were independent predictors of 5-year relapse in multivariable logistic regression analysis, CONCLUSIONS: Both relapsers and non-responders had similarly strong association with ESKD in patients with IgAN. We also confirmed the predictors of relapse 5 years after renal biopsy, which may guide the treatment strategies for patients with IgAN who occasionally relapse after remission.博士（医学）・乙第1530号・令和5年3月15

Target-controlled infusion and population pharmacokinetics of landiolol hydrochloride in patients with peripheral arterial disease.

出版社版 オープンアクセス CC BY-NCPURPOSE: We previously determined the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of landiolol in healthy male volunteers and gynecological patients. In this study, we determined the PK parameters of landiolol in patients with peripheral arterial disease. METHODS: Eight patients scheduled to undergo peripheral arterial surgery were enrolled in the study. After inducing anesthesia, landiolol hydrochloride was administered at target plasma concentrations of 500 and 1,000 ng/mL for 30 minutes each. A total of 112 data points of plasma concentration were collected from the patients and used for the population PK analysis. A population PK model was developed using a nonlinear mixed-effect modeling software program (NONMEM). RESULTS: The patients had markedly decreased heart rates at 2 minutes after initiation of landiolol hydrochloride administration; however, systolic blood pressures were lower than the baseline values at only five time points. The concentration time course of landiolol was best described by a two-compartment model with lag time. The estimates of PK parameters were as follows: total body clearance, 30.7 mL/min/kg; distribution volume of the central compartment, 65.0 mL/kg; intercompartmental clearance, 48.3 mL/min/kg; distribution volume of the peripheral compartment, 54.4 mL/kg; and lag time, 0.633 minutes. The predictive performance of this model was better than that of the previous model. CONCLUSION: The PK parameters of landiolol were best described by a two-compartment model with lag time. Distribution volume of the central compartment and total body clearance of landiolol in patients with peripheral arterial disease were approximately 64% and 84% of those in healthy volunteers, respectively