41 research outputs found
Insulin-producing cells derived from āinduced pluripotent stem cellsā of patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes: vulnerability to cytokine insults and increased expression of apoptosis-related genes
Aims/Introduction: The present study was carried out to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes, and evaluate the cytokineāinduced apoptotic reactions of Ī²ālike insulināproducing cells differentiated from the iPSCs.Materials and Methods: iPSCs were generated from fibroblasts of patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes by inducing six reprogramming factors. Insulināproducing cells were differentiated from the iPSCs in vitro. The proportion of cleaved caspaseā3āpositive or terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 2ā²ādeoxyuridine, 5ā²ātriphosphate nick end labelingāpositive cells among insulin (INS)āpositive cells derived from fulminant type 1 diabetes iPSC and control human iPSC lines was evaluated under treatment with tumor necrosis factorāĪ±, interleukinā1Ī² and interferonāĪ³. Ribonucleic acid sequencing was carried out to compare gene expressions in INSāpositive cells derived from fulminant type 1 diabetes iPSC and control human iPSC lines.Results: Two iPSC clones were established from each of three patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes. The differentiation of insulināproducing cells from fulminant type 1 diabetes iPSC was confirmed by immunofluorescence analysis and KClāinduced Cāpeptide secretion. After treatment with proāinflammatory cytokines, these INSāpositive cells showed higher expression of cleaved caspaseā3 than those derived from control human iPSCs. Altered expression levels of several apoptosisārelated genes were observed in INSāpositive cells derived from the fulminant type 1 diabetes iPSCs by ribonucleic acid sequencing.Conclusions: We generated iPSCs from patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes and differentiated them into insulināproducing cells. This in vitro disease model can be used to elucidate the disease mechanisms of fulminant type 1 diabetes
Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ): a patient-based evaluation tool for hip-joint disease. The Subcommittee on Hip Disease Evaluation of the Clinical Outcome Committee of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association
AbstractBackgroundThe Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Score is widely used in Japan, but this tool is designed to reflect the viewpoint of health-care providers rather than that of patients. In gauging the effect of medical therapies in addition to clinical results, it is necessary to assess quality of life (QOL) from the viewpoint of patients. However, there is no tool evaluating QOL for Japanese patients with hip-joint disease.MethodsWith the aim of more accurately classifying QOL for Japanese patients with hip-joint disease, we prepared a questionnaire with 58 items for the survey derived from 464 opinions obtained from approximately 100 Japanese patients with hip-joint disease and previously devised evaluation criteria. In the survey, we collected information on 501 cases, and 402 were subjected to factor analysis. From this, we formulated three categoriesāmovement, mental, and paināeach comprising 7 items, for a total of 21 items to be used as evaluation criteria for hip-joint function.ResultsThe Cronbachās Ī± coefficients for the three categories were 0.93, 0.93, and 0.95, respectively, indicating the high reliability of the evaluation criteria. The 21 items included some related to the Asian lifestyle, such as use of a Japanese-style toilet and rising from the floor, which are not included in other evaluation tools.ConclusionsThis self-administered questionnaire may become a useful tool in the evaluation of not only Japanese patients, but also of members of other ethnic groups who engage in deep flexion of the hip joint during daily activities
Soy Isoflavonoid Aglycons Genistein and Daidzein Do Not Increase the Cytochrome P-450 Content of the Liver Microsomes of Mice
Mechanism of Soy Isoflavone Daidzein-Induced Female-Specific Anorectic Effect
Epidemiological studies suggest that regular intake of soy isoflavone exerts a preventive effect on postmenopausal obesity and other forms of dysmetabolism. Estrogens inhibit eating behavior. Soy isoflavones may act as estrogen agonist in estrogen-depleted conditions, whereas they may either act as an estrogen antagonist or be ineffective in estrogen-repleted conditions. We investigated the effects of dietary soy isoflavone on food intake under various estrogen conditions using male, ovariectomized (OVX), and non-OVX female rats, and compared the effects with those of estradiol. We found that soy isoflavones reduced food intake in females specifically, regardless of whether ovariectomy had been performed, whereas subcutaneous implantation of estradiol pellet did not reduce food intake in intact female rats, but did so in OVX female and male rats. Contrary to this hypothesis, the reduction in food intake may not be caused by the estrogenic properties of soy isoflavones. It is of great interest to understand the mechanisms underlying the anorectic effects of soy isoflavones. In this non-systematic review, we summarize our recent studies that have investigated the bioactive substances of anorectic action, pharmacokinetic properties of soy isoflavones, and the modification of central and peripheral signals regulating appetite by soy isoflavones, and selected studies that were identified via database mining