Economic of Apple Industry:A Primary Survey in District Shopian Kashmir (India)

As a dominant crop of the valley “Apple” proudly represents the fruit industry of Kashmir, representing 98% of the total fruit production. Apple industry is the backbone of the economy of Kashmir valley particular in Shopian district. Due to its good backward and forward linkages it provides employment to about 60% of the population and is the main source of livelihood of many households. But there was no significant increase in the production of this industry during the last few years due to various reasons such as lack of cold storage, large chain of commission agents from the grower to consumers in the Kashmir valley as whole

An Analysis of Public Private Partnership in Sericulture in Jammu and Kashmir State (India)

Sericulture industry has occupied a prominent place in the industrial development in Jammu and Kashmir. Sericulture industry in Jammu and Kashmir having glorious history in the past but still is not having bright name in silk production and export. In spite having suitable agro-climatic conditions for the development of silk industry, Jammu and Kashmir produces negligible amount of silk products every year. The aim of this paper is to highlight the development of sericulture through public private partnership and trends of cocoon production in Jammu and Kashmir. Like other sectors of the economy, PPPs would bring this sector to that platform where its growth would be optimum. Keywords: silkworm, cocoon, moth, J&K, labour intensive, public private partnership etc

An Analysis of Demand and Supply of Water in India

Water is one of the important renewable natural resource, no one can survive without it either humans or animals. India is rich in terms of different natural resources, water is one of them. Water comes from different sources such as precipitation, surface water and ground water. Which play an important role in India’s supply of water. India receives 70% of surface water in the form of rain (monsoon) during three to four months. Although India has sizeable water resources, the country faces huge challenges in the water sector as the distribution of water varies widely by season and region. Water Resources are the prime input to the growth and prosperity of the nation. The objective of this paper is to highlights the demand and supply of water in India, and the estimated water in major basins in India. It has been found that the demand for water is increasing substantially due to increasing population, growing urbanization, and rapid industrialization combined with the need for raising agricultural production. The supply of water is inadequate compared to its growing demand in our country. The per capita availability of water is also continuously decreasing. Therefore Sustainable development and efficient management of water is an increasingly complex challenge to India. It has been estimated that More than 2.2 million people die each year from diseases related to contaminated drinking water and poor sanitation. Keywords: water supply and demand, ground water, surface water, basin

Study of Growth and Instability in Raw Silk Production and Marketing in India

Economic potentials of Sericulture and its popularity are reflected by the fact that it is no longer limited to the traditional areas of sericulture.  Sericulture provides much needed employment, income and foreign exchange in developing and labour rich countries especially India. Keeping these thing in mind, present study was attempt to highlight the growth and instability in production of different varieties of raw silk and also the variations in raw silk marketing system in different states of India. The results showed that raw silk production has an increasing trend and raw silk exchanges markets have direct impact on averages raw silk prices, therefore states which have good marketing infrastructure yields good prices to the produce. In order to achieve the maximum growth rate of this industry, government should come forward to set up maximum number of raw silk exchanges in different states so that variation in raw silk price among states will reduced in one side and role of middle man (buying in one state and selling in other state) gets eliminated

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS, OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG SCHOOL GOING ADOLESCENTS AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH LIFESTYLE HABITS

Background: Despite well documented and widely acknowledged health benefits of physical activity (PA), no study has examined the PA levels among the Jammu & Kashmir youth. The decreasing levels of PA and increasing prevalence rates of overweight and obesity among adolescents is a major public health concern. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to assess the activity levels, prevalence rates of overweight and obesity and to investigate the association between leisure-time activities and dietary habits among adolescents.Methods: A school- based cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 adolescents (14-18 years) from 16 randomly selected schools of Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir. Height, weight, physical activity and other lifestyle habits were determined from self-report. Gender- specific prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were calculated based on Indian Paediatrics Association (IAP) standards. Logistic regression was used to identify association between lifestyle habits and measures of overweight and obesity.Results: Of the total adolescents, 28.1% met the recommended levels of PA of 60 minutes daily, with boys meeting more than girls (41.5% vs 19.5%, p < 0.001). Prevalence rates of overweight and obesity was 11.4% and 2.7%, respectively. Logistic regression unadjusted for gender, age and location of participants shows that the odds of being overweight/obese was more among adolescents who are more involved in sedentary pursuits and consumes higher amounts of junk food and carbonated soft drinks.Conclusion: Low PA levels and substantial prevalence rates of overweight and obesity among the participants were observed. The results also suggest that sedentary behaviours, physical inactivity and erratic food habits are strongly associated with the obesity epidemic.  Article visualizations

Prevalence of cervical ribs and elongated transverse processes in Kashmiri population

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of cervical ribs and elongated transverse process in the Kashmiri population.Methods: We reviewed 2000 chest x rays of adult patients which were done in a period of 4 months in the department of Radiology, Govt Medical College Hospital, Srinagar, J& K.Results: The diagnosis of cervical rib was made in a total of 50 radiographs with a prevalence of 2.67%. The prevalence of cervical rib was higher in females (3.1%) as compared to males (2.1%). A total of 67 cervical ribs were seen in 50 patients. Unilateral cervical rib was seen in 33(66.0%) patients, right sided in 20(40.0%) and left sided in 13(26.0%). Bilateral cervical ribs were seen in 17(34.0%) patients. Elongated transverse process was seen in 280 patients constituting a prevalence of 14.96%. The prevalence in females (17.95%) was higher than males (12.15%).Conclusions: Prevalence of cervical rib and C7 transversomegaly is high in Kashmiri population. Similar results have been noted in Saudi population. Thus it is concluded that in the populations with higher rates of consanguinity, there is high probability of occurrence of cervical ribs because of HOX gene mutations. There is need for many more well designed studies to prove this association. Keeping in mind the high prevalence of cervical rib, patients with unexplained cervical pain need to be evaluated for this entity.

Prevalence and predictors of metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality secondary to accelerated atherosclerosis. There is a strong association of metabolic syndrome (MS) with atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of MS in RA and to identify the predictors of MS in RA. Methods: The study included 100 patients of RA (83 females,17 males; median age 42.5(17) years diagnosed according to 2010 American College of Rheumatology-European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria who were on treatment and 110 age and sex-matched apparently healthy controls (26 males, 84 females; median age 45 (20) years). The frequency of MS was assessed using joint consensus 2009 criteria. Patients were also assessed in terms of disease activity, using disease activity score 28 CRP. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of MS in RA.Results: Metabolic syndrome was found in 45% of RA group and 22.7% of control group according to joint consensus 2009 criteria (p<0.005). RA group was significantly more likely to have low high-density lipoprotein (65%), elevated blood pressure (60%) levels and abnormal sugar (28%). In RA group, CRP (odds ratio: 1.101, confidence interval: 1.032-1.174 (p=0.004) {adjusted for age, DAS 28 score & Anti-CCP} remained independent predictor for presence of MS in RA.Conclusions: The frequency of MS was higher in RA group compared to control group. High CRP remained independent predictor associated with presence of MS. There was no association of high disease activity with MS in our RA patients. These findings suggest that the treating physician should screen RA patients early for presence of MS

Efficacy and safety of high dose accelerated intravenous iron sucrose in patients of iron deficiency anemia

Background: Low dose (200 mg) extended Intravenous iron sucrose remains the most common treatment option in patients who are intolerant to oral iron therapy in patients with Iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of high dose accelerated intravenous iron sucrose (IS) in the treatment of adults with iron deficiency anemiaMethods: One hundred adult patients with iron deficiency anemia, who had intolerance or showed no effect with oral iron therapy, received daily doses of 500 mg of intravenous iron sucrose until the hemoglobin level was corrected or until receiving the total dose of intravenous iron calculated for each patient.Results: The mean and median Hb (g/dL) 6.47±1.656 and 6.6 (2) at baseline, 9.61±1.629 and 9.6 (2) at 2 weeks of treatment, 11.85±1.277 and 12 (1) at 4 weeks of treatment respectively. The mean rise of Hb was 3.13±1.41 and 5.37±1.50 after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment respectively (p<0.000). A total of 303 intravenous infusions of iron sucrose were administered and iron sucrose was generally well tolerated with twenty-six patients developing mild and one patient developing moderate adverse drug reactions. There was no serious adverse event recorded.Conclusions: Accelerated high dose intravenous iron sucrose is a safe and cost effective option minimizing frequent hospital visits in the treatment of adults with iron deficiency anemia who are intolerant or lack satisfactory response to oral iron therapy

Acute Complication Due to Impella 2.5 Device (Superficial Femoral Artery Thrombosis): Managed Successfully with Novel Aspiration Thrombectomy Catheter (Pronto V3)

The Impella recover LP 2.5 is a percutaneous left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recently approved for use in patients undergoing high risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and also in cases of cardiogenic shock. There is limited evidence available in literature about its safety, especially with regards to the incidence of local vascular complications, their management and long-term implications. We report here the first case of a serious local vascular complication—superficial femoral artery thrombus formation during Impella recover LP 2.5 use in a high risk PCI which was managed successfully with novel aspiration thrombectomy catheter (Pronto V3), which in itself is the first reported use of Pronto V3 in such a vascular complication

The Concept of Planetary Boundaries for Sustainable Development: A Review

The concept of the planetary boundaries (PB) is a reasonable scientific approach towards achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs). It started in 2009 with a group of scientists at the Stockholm Resilience Center (SRC) in Sweden with the aim of showing a safe operating space for human development and wellbeing through scientific research by quantifying what they refer to as “planetary boundaries”. But in other for the concept of the PB to thoroughly address the matters of the SDGs which does not only include environmental sustainability but also social issues, human prosperity, and governance, the concept of the PB has in combination with social boundaries and governance approaches created a sphere of reasonable ideas towards achieving the SDGs. The sustainable development trajectories of the PB comprising of six major structural transformations ensures that the world continues to develop economically while staying within planetary boundaries. Therefore, it has to take the cooperative efforts of all nations in the world to tackle, and to mitigate the overwhelming effects we have caused on our “good planet”. Humans should realize that our planet has tried in all its “resilient capabilities “to condone all our exploitations, but it seems we have squeezed it too much and it is deflating. We need to build resilience to the unexpected (resilience thinking); we need to be prepared for the unexpected, both to be able to cope with “shocks” and to take advantage of “potentially positive surprises.” This review tries to put together the different research ideas towards achieving the aim of the concept of the PB. Keywords: Planetary Boundaries, Social Boundaries, Earth System Governance, SDGs DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/112-21 Publication date:August 31st 202