Is antibiotic treatment efficacious to treat or prevent/control colibacillosis in broiler production? An amendment protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This protocol is an amendment of the previous study conducted by Sargeant et al. (2019) on the same topic. The description below will mainly focus on modifications provided. This protocol defines the methodology of the systematic review and meta-analysis to address the following PICO question: “In broilers at risk of colibacillosis, does antibiotic treatment versus no antibiotic treatment result in higher FCR/fewer condemnations/lower mortality/total antibiotic use?”. The specific PICO elements are: 1. Population: Broilers (including the whole production chain). 2. Intervention: Any antibiotic licensed for use in chickens in ovo, by injection, in feed, or in water at doses consistent with therapeutic or prophylactic use. Eligible antibiotic include any antibiotic for use in treating or preventing colibacillosis in poultry included in Sargeant et al. (2019) and the OIE list of antibiotic agents of veterinary importance. 3. Comparator: Placebo or untreated control group or an alternative antibiotic treatment. 4. Outcomes: Mortality, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), condemnations due to colibacillosis at the slaughterhouse, and total antibiotic use

Are management measures efficacious to prevent or control colibacillosis in broilers production chain? A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The protocol is established as an essential and basic tool to perform a systematic review on the efficacy of biosecurity measures to prevent or reduce colibacillosis in broilers

Unveiling the landscape of resistance against high priority critically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals across Africa: A scoping review.

The rapid population growth in Africa is associated with an increasing demand for livestock products which in turn can lead to antimicrobial use. Antimicrobial usage in animals contributes to the emergence and selection of resistant bacteria which constitutes a serious public health threat. This study aims to review and summarize the available information on highest priority critically important antimicrobials (HPCIAs) resistance in livestock production in Africa. This work will help to inform future policies for controlling antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the food production chain. A scoping review was conducted according to the Cochrane handbook and following PRISMA 2020 guidelines for reporting. Primary research studies published after 1999 and reporting resistance of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp, and Campylobacter spp to HPCIAs in poultry, cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep in Africa were searched in four databases. A total of 312 articles were included in the review. The majority of the studies (40.7) were conducted in North African countries. More than 49.0% of included studies involved poultry and 26.2% cattle. Cephalosporins and quinolones were the most studied antimicrobial classes. Of the bacteria investigated in the current review, E. coli (41.7%) and Salmonella spp (24.9%) represented the most commonly studied. High levels of resistance against erythromycin in E. coli were found in poultry (MR 96.1%, IQR 83.3-100.0%), cattle (MR 85.7%, IQR 69.2-100.0%), and pigs (MR 94.0%, IQR 86.2-94.0%). In sheep, a high level of resistance was observed in E. coli against nalidixic acid (MR 87.5%, IQR 81.3-93.8%). In goats, the low level of sensibility was noted in S. aureus against streptomycin (MR 86.8%, IQR 19.4-99.0%). The study provides valuable information on HPCIAs resistance in livestock production in Africa and highlights the need for further research and policies to address the public health risk of AMR. This will likely require an investment in diagnostic infrastructure across the continent. Awareness on the harmful impact of AMR in African countries is a requirement to produce more effective and sustainable measures to curb AMR