3 research outputs found

    One-year experience of nucleic acid technology testing for human immunodeficiency virus Type 1, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus in Thai blood donations

    Get PDF
    Wst臋p: Krew pobrana w 2007 roku w Narodowym Centrum Krwi Tajlandzkiego Stowarzyszenia Czerwonego Krzy偶a zosta艂a zbadana metodami biologii molekularnej (NAT) za pomoc膮 system贸w: TIGRIS/Procleix Ultrio firmy Chiron oraz cobas s 201/cobas TaqScreen MPX firmy Roche. Materia艂 i metody: Oceny czu艂o艣ci, specyficzno艣ci oraz dok艂adno艣ci system贸w dokonano przez zbadanie 486 676 seronegatywnych pr贸bek krwi. W ka偶dym dniu pobierania krwi pr贸bki by艂y dzielone na dwie cz臋艣ci. Pr贸bki oznaczone numerami nieparzystymi by艂y badane pojedynczo (TIGRIS), podczas gdy pr贸bki oznaczone parzystymi numerami badano w pulach 6 na aparacie cobas s 201. W celu potwierdzenia wynik贸w reaktywnych badano w duplikacie pr贸bki pobrane z pojemnika z osoczem i w ten spos贸b oceniano specyficzno艣膰 testu. Reaktywne pr贸bki by艂y testowane na alternatywnym systemie NAT, a nast臋pnie badaniom poddano kolejne pr贸bki pobrane od tych dawc贸w. Wyniki: Czu艂o艣膰 analityczna obu system贸w osi膮gn臋艂a 95-procentowy limit wykrywania, zgodnie z informacj膮 za艂膮czon膮 przez producenta. Nie zaobserwowano krzy偶owej kontaminacji w 偶adnym z testowanych system贸w. Specyficzno艣膰 wynios艂a odpowiednio 99,93% dla testu Procleix Ultrio i 99,90% dla testu cobas TaqScreen. W wyniku zastosowania technik NAT, ludzki wirus niedoboru odporno艣ci typu 1 (HIV-1) zosta艂 wykryty statystycznie u 1 na 97 000 przebadanych dawc贸w, wirus zapalenia w膮troby typu C - u 1 na 490 000 przebadanych dawc贸w, a wirus zapalenia w膮troby typu B (HBV) - u 1 na 2800 przebadanych dawc贸w krwi. Zidentyfikowano r贸wnie偶 kilku utajonych nosicieli HBV, z kt贸rych wi臋kszo艣膰 zosta艂a wykryta za pomoc膮 obu test贸w. Przypadki okienka serologicznego dla HIV-1 i HCV zosta艂y wykryte przez oba testy. Wnioski: Wyniki przeprowadzonych bada艅 wykaza艂y, 偶e obydwa systemy i testy nadaj膮 si臋 do prowadzenia rutynowych bada艅 NAT przez Narodowe Centrum Krwi Tajlandzkiego Stowarzyszenia Czerwonego Krzy偶a, chocia偶 test Procleix Ultrio okaza艂 si臋 mniej czu艂y w przypadku wykrywania HBV, w por贸wnaniu z testem TaqScreen.Background: Blood donations collected at the National Blood Center, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, in 2007 were tested by nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) using the Chiron TIGRIS/Procleix Ultrio test and the Roche cobas s 201/cobas TaqScreen multiplex test. Material and methods: The sensitivity, specificity, and robustness were determined by testing 486 676 seronegative blood donations. Samples from each day of collection were divided into two sets; the odd-numbered samples were tested individually on the TIGRIS and the evennumbered samples were tested in pools of 6 on the cobas s 201. The status of reactive samples was confirmed by duplicate testing of samples from the plasma bag to calculate the test specificity. Reactive samples were tested on the alternate system and followed up. Results: The analytical sensitivity of both systems met the 95% limits of detection claimed by the respective package inserts. No cross contamination was seen with either system. Test specificity was 99.93 and 99.90% for the Procleix Ultrio and cobas TaqScreen tests, respectively. The NAT yield rates for human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) were 1:97 000, 1:490 000, and 1:2800, respectively. Several occult HBV donors, the majority of whom were detected by both tests, were also identified. The HIV-1 and HCV window cases were detected with both tests. Conclusion: The performances of the systems and tests indicated that both were acceptable for routine NAT by the National Blood Center, the Thai Red Cross Society. However, the Procleix Ultrio test appeared to be less sensitive than the cobas TaqScreen test for HBV

    Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Thai blood donors

    Get PDF
    Wst臋p: Narodowe Centrum Krwi Tajlandzkiego Stowarzyszenia Czerwonego Krzy偶a przeprowadzi艂o badania oceniaj膮ce przydatno艣膰 dw贸ch komercyjnych test贸w (TIGRIS/PROCLEIX Ultrio firmy Chiron oraz Cobas s 201/Cobas TaqScreen MPX firmy Roche) do bada艅 przesiewowych na obecno艣膰 ludzkiego wirusa niedoboru odporno艣ci typu 1, wirusa zapalenia w膮troby typu C i wirusa zapalenia w膮troby typu B u krwiodawc贸w w Tajlandii. W wyniku tego badania zidentyfikowano 175 dawc贸w reaktywnych w badaniach NAT bez antygenu HBs. Status zaka偶enia HBV potwierdzono w badaniach kolejnych pr贸bek pochodz膮cych od tych dawc贸w (follow-up studies). Materia艂 i metody: Pierwsze pr贸bki, w kt贸rych wykryto DNA HBV (index samples) badano na obecno艣膰 marker贸w serologicznych HBV i oznaczano w nich poziom wiremii. Kolejne pr贸bki pobierane przez okres do 13 miesi臋cy od tych dawc贸w badano obydwoma testami NAT, jak r贸wnie偶 na obecno艣膰 wszystkich serologicznych marker贸w HBV. Wyniki: W kolejnych badaniach uczestniczy艂o 72 dawc贸w (41%) spo艣r贸d 175 dawc贸w DNA HBV-dodatnich. U wi臋kszo艣ci z nich stwierdzono ukryte zaka偶enie HBV (66,7%), u 26,4% stwierdzono wczesn膮 ostr膮 faz臋 zaka偶enia HBV, z czego 20,8% znajdowa艂o si臋 w okienku serologicznym. U 3 dawc贸w z przeciwcia艂ami anty-HBs (4,2%) stwierdzono reaktywacj臋 zaka偶enia HBV lub wyst膮pienie kolejnego zaka偶enia prze艂amuj膮cego obecne przeciwcia艂o (breakthrough infection). Wniosek: U wi臋kszo艣ci dawc贸w, kt贸rych w badaniach rutynowych zidentyfikowano jako HBsAg ujemnych/NAT-dodatnich, stwierdzono ukryte zaka偶enie HBV, co stanowi wystarczaj膮ce uzasadnienie dla wprowadzenia bada艅 NAT w celu kwalifikacji krwiodawc贸w w Tajlandii. J. Transf. Med. 2011; 3: 143–154Background: An evaluation by the National Blood Center, the Thai Red Cross Society, of two commercial multiplex nucleic acid tests (NATs; the Chiron PROCLEIX ULTRIO test and the Roche Cobas TaqScreen MPX test) for screening Thai blood donors for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 identified 175 HBV NAT–reactive/hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative donors. The classification of the HBV infection of these donors was confirmed by follow-up testing. Study design and methods: Index samples were tested for HBV serologic markers and HBV viral loads were determined. Donors were followed for up to 13 months and samples were tested with both NAT assays and for all HBV serological markers. Results: Of 175 HBV NAT-yield donors, 72 (41%) were followed. Based on the follow-up results, the majority of donors who were followed had an occult HBV infection (66.7%), followed by donors with a primary, acute infection (26.4%). The majority of donors in this latter group (20.8%) were in the window period. Three donors (4.2%), who were anti-HBs positive, had a reinfection or breakthrough infection. Conclusion: The majority of donors detected during routine screening, who were HBsAg negative and NAT reactive, had an occult HBV infection, thus validating the decision to introduce NAT for blood donations in Thailand. J. Transf. Med. 2011; 3: 143–15

    Multicenter Evaluation of a New Automated Fourth-Generation Human Immunodeficiency Virus Screening Assay with a Sensitive Antigen Detection Module and High Specificity

    No full text
    Fourth-generation assays for the simultaneous detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen and antibody that were available on the international market until now have antigen detection modules with relatively poor sensitivity and produce a higher rate of false-positive results than third-generation enzyme immunoassays (EIAs). The new Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA with an improved sensitivity for HIV p24 antigen was compared to alternative fourth- and third-generation assays, the p24 antigen test, and HIV type 1 (HIV-1) RNA reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). A total of 94 seroconversion panels (n = 709 sera), samples from the acute phase of infection after seroconversion (n = 32), anti-HIV-1-positive specimens (n = 730) from patients in different stages of the disease, 462 subtyped samples from different geographical locations, anti-HIV-2-positive sera (n = 302), dilutions of cell culture supernatants (n = 62) from cells infected with different HIV-1 subtypes, selected performance panels from Boston Biomedica Inc., 7,579 unselected samples from blood donors, 303 unselected daily routine samples, 997 specimens from hospitalized patients, and potentially interfering samples (n = 1,222) were tested with Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA. The new assay showed a sensitivity comparable to that of the Abbott HIV-1 AG Monoclonal A for early detection of HIV infection in seroconversion panels. The mean time delay of Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA (last negative sample plus 1 day) in comparison to that for HIV-1 RT-PCR for 87 panels tested with both methods was 2.75 days. The diagnostic window was reduced with Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA by between 3.6 and 5.7 days from that for third-generation assays. The specificities of Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA in blood donors were 99.84 and 99.85% (after repeated testing). Overall, 30 repeatedly reactive false-positive results out of 10,031 HIV-negative samples were obtained with Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA. Our results show that a fourth-generation assay with improved specificity such as Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA is suitable for blood donor screening because of its low number of false positives and because it detects HIV p24 antigen with a sensitivity comparable to that of single-antigen assays
    corecore