The Minutes of the Consistory of Hope Church

In the minutes of the Consistory of Hope Church, Holland, Michigan, a copy of a letter from the Consistory of the First Reformed Church is inserted. Hope Church is urged not to accept Masons into the life of the congregation. The Consistory responded in a letter to the Consistory of the First Reformed Church on 9 April 1867, that says The majority of us do not see the subject in the light that you do. It is a matter on which Christians may differ.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1860s/1402/thumbnail.jp

Anion emission from water molecules colliding with positive ions: Identification of binary and many-body processes

It is shown that negative ions are ejected from gas-phase water molecules when bombarded with positive ions at keV energies typical of solar-wind velocities. This finding is relevant for studies of planetary and cometary atmospheres, as well as for radiolysis and radiobiology. Emission of both H- and heavier (O- and OH-) anions, with a larger yield for H-, was observed in 6.6-keV 16O+ + H2O collisions. The ex-perimental setup allowed separate identification of anions formed in collisions with many-body dynamics from those created in hard, binary collisions. Most of the ani-ons are emitted with low kinetic energy due to many-body processes. Model calcu-lations show that both nucleus-nucleus interactions and electronic excitations con-tribute to the observed large anion emission yield.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Resonances in rotationally inelastic scattering of OH(X2ΠX^2\Pi) with helium and neon

We present detailed calculations on resonances in rotationally and spin-orbit inelastic scattering of OH (X\,^2\Pi, j=3/2, F_1, f) radicals with He and Ne atoms. We calculate new \emph{ab initio} potential energy surfaces for OH-He, and the cross sections derived from these surfaces compare favorably with the recent crossed beam scattering experiment of Kirste \emph{et al.} [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{82}, 042717 (2010)]. We identify both shape and Feshbach resonances in the integral and differential state-to-state scattering cross sections, and we discuss the prospects for experimentally observing scattering resonances using Stark decelerated beams of OH radicals.Comment: 14 pages, 15 Figure

Phase I study of gemcitabine using a once every 2 weeks schedule.

Gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) is a novel nucleoside analogue. As part of a series of studies to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of gemcitabine and the most appropriate schedule, a two-centre phase I study of gemcitabine was undertaken in patients with advanced refractory solid tumours using a once every 2 weeks schedule. Fifty-two patients were entered into the study at 14 different dose levels (40-5700 mg m-2). Weekly evaluations for toxicity were performed and the MTD for this once every 2 weeks schedule was 5700 mg m-2. The dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression, with neutropenia being most significant. Other toxicities were nausea, vomiting, fever and asthenia. One minor response was seen in a heavily pretreated breast cancer patient treated at 1200 mg m-2. Preclinical studies suggest that the efficacy of gemcitabine is more schedule than dose related, and it is concluded that this is not the most appropriate dosing schedule for gemcitabine. However, this study demonstrates the safety profile of gemcitabine, as doses over fourfold greater than that recommended for the weekly schedule of 1000 mg m-2 could be tolerated

The frequency in Japanese of genetic variants of 22 proteins: V. Summary and comparison with data on Caucasians from the British Isles

The frequencies in Hiroshima and Nagasaki of rare variants (represented in less than 2 % of the individuals surveyed) is summarized for a series of 22 proteins (25 polypeptides). The average number of persons examined for each protein was 3312. There are three pairs of homologous proteins in the series: PGM, and PGM, CA I and CA 11, and HGB A and A,. Only for the first pair is there a significant difference between the two in the total frequency and number of different kinds of variants; it is suggested this may reflect differences in the mutation rates of the corresponding structural genes. For 23 of these polypeptides, comparable data are available for British Caucasians. The average frequency of variants for loci in common in the two series is 2.0/1000 person determinations for Japanese and 1.6/1000 for Caucasoids. At two loci (PGMl and PHI) there were significantly more variants in Japanese than in British; these two loci account for the greater average frequency of variants in Japanese. However, a conservative comparison of number of diflerent variants (electromorphs) encountered, using the 0 statistic of Ewens (1972), yields no significant difference for any of the 22 possible contrasts. The potential usefulness of data of this type in reaching conclusions regarding comparability of mutation rates in two populations is discussed. For the present, the fact that one electromorph may shelter multiple different amino acid substitutions in a protein limits the inferences to be drawn from such contrasts. It is 8 pleasure to acknowledge our indebtedness to Dr Peter Smouse and Dr Warren Ewens for statistical consultations, but responsibility for the tentative interpretations is entirely our own.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66201/1/j.1469-1809.1978.tb00913.x.pd

Outcomes of patients with perforated colon cancer:A systematic review

Introduction: Perforated colon cancer (PCC) is a distinct clinical entity with implications for treatment and prognosis, however data on PCC seems scarce. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent literature on clinical outcomes of PCC. Materials and methods: A systematic literature search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane library and Google scholar was performed. Studies describing intentionally curative treatment for patients with PCC since 2010 were included. The main outcome measures consisted of short-term surgical complications and long-term oncological outcomes. Results: Eleven retrospective cohort studies were included, comprising a total of 2696 PCC patients. In these studies, various entities of PCC were defined. Comparative studies showed that PCC patients as compared to non-PCC patients have an increased risk of 30-day mortality (8–33% vs 3–5%), increased post-operative complications (33–56% vs 22–28%), worse overall survival (36–40% vs 48–65%) and worse disease-free survival (34–43% vs 50–73%). Two studies distinguished free-perforations from contained perforations, revealing that free-perforation is associated with significantly higher 30-day mortality (19–26% vs 0–10%), lower overall survival (24–28% vs 42–64%) and lower disease-free survival (15% vs 53%) as compared to contained perforations. Conclusion: Data on PCC is scarce, with various PCC entities defined in the studies included. Heterogeneity of the study population, definition of PCC and outcome measures made pooling of the data impossible. In general, perforation, particularly free perforation, seems to be associated with a substantial negative effect on outcomes in colon cancer patients undergoing surgery. Better definition and description of the types of perforation in future studies is essential, as outcomes seem to differ between types of PCC and might require different treatment strategies.</p

The frequency in Japanese of genetic variants of 22 proteins

This paper presents the results of an electrophoretic survey of approximately 4000 individuals from the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, for four serum proteins: albumin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and transferrin. The haptoglobin gene frequencies obtained for the HP 1 -HP 2 polymorphism are in agreement with earlier reports. Rare electrophoretic variants of albumin, ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin occur with frequencies of 2.48, 0.50 and 0.58 per 1000 determinations, respectively. The noteworthy finding of 8 distinct transferrin variants in these populations, with a combined frequency of 20.90 per 1000 determinations, is also presented. Four of these variants (D Ch1 , B 1 , B 3 and D hir2 which corresponds electrophoretically to D 4 ) have been reported in other populations in Japan, but the other five have not previously been differentiated.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66399/1/j.1469-1809.1977.tb01859.x.pd

National implementation of an optimal standardised technique for right-sided colon cancer:protocol of an interventional sequential cohort study (Right study)

Purpose: Minimally invasive right hemicolectomy (MIRH) is the cornerstone of treatment for patients with right-sided colon cancer. This operation has evolved during recent decades, with many innovations and improvements but this has also resulted in high variability of uptake with subsequent substantial variableness. The aim of this ongoing study is to identify current surgical variations, determine the most optimal and standardised MIRH and nationally train and implement that technique to improve short-term clinical and long-term oncological outcomes. Methods: The Right study is a national multicentre prospective interventional sequential cohort study. Firstly, current local practice was evaluated. Subsequently, a standardised surgical technique for right-sided colon cancer was determined using the Delphi consensus method, and this procedure was trained during hands-on courses. The standardised MIRH will be implemented with proctoring (implementation cohort), after which the performance will be monitored (consolidation cohort). Patients who will receive a minimally invasive (extended) right hemicolectomy for cT1-3N0-2M0 colon cancer will be included. The primary outcome is patient safety reflected in the 90-day overall complication rate according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. Secondary outcomes will include intraoperative complications, 90-day mortality rate, number of resected tumour-positive lymph nodes, completeness of mesocolic excision, surgical quality score, locoregional and distant recurrence and 5-year overall survival. A total number of 1095 patients (365 per cohort) will be included. Discussion: The Right study is designed to safely implement the best surgical practice concerning patients with right-sided colon cancer aiming to standardise and improve the surgical quality of MIRH at a national level. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04889456, May 2021.</p

Influence of Conversion and Anastomotic Leakage on Survival in Rectal Cancer Surgery; Retrospective Cross-sectional Study

Background Conversion and anastomotic leakage in colorectal cancer surgery have been suggested to have a negative impact on long-term oncologic outcomes. The aim of this study in a large Dutch national cohort was to analyze the influence of conversion and anastomotic leakage on long-term oncologic outcome in rectal cancer surgery. Methods Patients were selected from a retrospective cross-sectional snapshot study. Patients with a benign lesion, distant metastasis, or unknown tumor or metastasis status were excluded. Overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between laparoscopic, converted, and open surgery as well as between patients with and without anastomotic leakage. Results Out of a database of 2095 patients, 638 patients were eligible for inclusion in the laparoscopic, 752 in the open, and 107 in the conversion group. A total of 746 patients met the inclusion criteria and underwent low anterior resection with primary anastomosis, including 106 (14.2%) with anastomotic leakage. OS and DFS were significantly shorter in the conversion compared to the laparoscopic group (p = 0.025 and p = 0.001, respectively) as well as in anastomotic leakage compared to patients without anastomotic leakage (p = 0.002 and p = 0.024, respectively). In multivariable analysis, anastomotic leakage was an independent predictor of OS (hazard ratio 2.167, 95% confidence interval 1.322-3.551) and DFS (1.592, 1077-2.353). Conversion was an independent predictor of DFS (1.525, 1.071-2.172), but not of OS. Conclusion Technical difficulties during laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, as reflected by conversion, as well as anastomotic leakage have a negative prognostic impact, underlining the need to improve both aspects in rectal cancer surgery

The frequency in Japanese of genetic variants of 22 proteins: IV. Acid phosphatase, NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase, peptidase A, peptidase B and phosphohexose isomerase

This paper presents the results of an electrophoretic survey of approximately 4000 individuals from Hiroshima and Nagasaki for four erythrocyte enzymes: isocitrate dehydrogenase, pepti- dase A, peptidase B, and phosphohexose isomerase. Also reported are the results for erythrocyte acid phosphatase for a subset of these individuals. The frequencies for the ACPf and ACPF alleles of the ACP, locus are in agreement with previously reported results from Japanese populations. Rare variants of ICD, PEPA, PEPB and PHI occur with frequencies varying from 0.25 to 7.2 per 1000 determinations. The relatively high frequency of the PHI 4RIR1 variant and some unusual features involving the effect of reducing agent on the electrophoretic pattern behaviour of some of the rare PHI variants detected during this study are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65914/1/j.1469-1809.1978.tb00912.x.pd