Multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy in gliomatosis cerebri

Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare entity with non-specific clinical and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings; accurate diagnosis is a differential diagnostic challenge. MR spectroscopy has recently been introduced as a useful diagnostic tool for detection of this entity. We present a gliomatosis cerebri case in which we made the radiological diagnosis using the MR spectroscopy findings; the diagnosis was confirmed by subsequent biopsy and histopathologic evaluation. Multivoxel spectroscopy (CSI, PRESS, 1500/135) shows a marked increase in Cho/NAA (6.6), normal to mild increase in Cho/Cr (1.2), and marked decrease in NAA/Cr (0.2) compared with the normally appearing contralateral side (Cho/NAA: 0.8, Cho/Cr: 0.9, NAA/Cr: 1.2)

Removal of endocrine-disrupting chemicals from textile industry effluents by nanofiltration

Textile finishing industry wastewaters contain micropollutants such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals in addition to the conventional pollutants since advanced manufacturing activities provide additional features to the textiles to make them shrink-proof, water-proof, wrinkle-proof, rot-proof, distasteful to moths, and mildew, flame-resistant, etc. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can interfere with the endocrine system, exert endocrine-modulating behavior, and cause adverse health effects, even when exposed to low doses. Therefore, treatment of endocrine- disrupting chemicals is a major concern for textile finishing wastewaters since they cannot be completely removed by widely applied conventional treatment technologies; but rather by using membrane filtration, advanced oxidation, and adsorption technologies. This study aims to investigate the performance of nanofiltration membranes in the post-treatment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in textile finishing wastewaters. A total of 299 chemicals that were identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals present and/or likely to be present in surface waters of Turkey were monitored in a textile finishing wastewater, and their removal by nanofiltration was investigated. The experimental results showed that 10 of the 17 compounds determined in textile industry treatment plant effluent, including benzo (g,h,i) perylene, fluorene, phenanthrene, mono-2-ethylhexylphthalate, dicyclohexylphthalate, diethyl-phthalate, di-n-butylphthalate, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, mirex (perchloropentacyclodecane) and saccharin were treated below their limit of detection values with nanofiltration. On the other hand, it was determined that nanofiltration was not efficient for compounds such as naphthalene, mono-n-butylphthalate, and di-sec-octylphthalate

Hybrid broadcast and broadband networks convergence for immersive TV applications

This article proposes a converged broadcast and broadband platform in order to deliver 3D media to both mobile and fixed users with guaranteed minimum quality of experience (QoE). The work presented offers an ideal business model for operators having both digital video broadcast and Internet Protocol (IP)-based media services. To that end, the DVB and peer-to-peer Internet technologies will be combined to provide sufficient resources for supporting high-bandwidth high-quality 3D multiview video. The motivations behind combining these technologies are outlined with an emphasis on their complementary characteristics. In addition, the overall design of the proposed architecture is presented focusing on the protocols that are exploited to achieve the interworking of the underlying technologies. Moreover, innovative key techniques for supporting both fixed and mobile users in an efficient manner are introduced