3,008 research outputs found
Hierarchical triple mergers: testing Hawking's area theorem with the inspiral signals
Hawking's area theorem is one of the fundamental laws of black holes (BHs),
which has been tested at a confidence level of with gravitational
wave (GW) observations by analyzing the inspiral and ringdown portions of GW
signals independently. In this work, we propose to carry out the test in a new
way with the hierarchical triple merger (i.e., two successive BH mergers
occurred sequentially within the observation window of GW detectors), for which
the properties of the progenitor BHs and the remnant BH of the first
coalescence can be reliably inferred from the inspiral portions of the two
mergers. As revealed in our simulation, a test of the BH area law can be
achieved at the significance level of for the hierarchical
triple merger events detected in LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA's O4/O5 runs. If the
hierarchical triple mergers contribute a fraction to the
detected BBHs, a precision test of the BH area law with such systems is
achievable in the near future. Our method also provides an additional criterion
to establish the hierarchical triple merger origin of some candidate events.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Maximum gravitational mass inferred at about precision with multimessenger data of neutron stars
The maximal gravitational mass of nonrotating neutron stars ()
is one of the key parameters of compact objects and only loose bounds can be
set based on the first principle. With reliable measurements of the masses
and/or radii of the neutron stars, can be robustly inferred from
either the mass distribution of these objects or the reconstruction of the
equation of state (EoS) of the very dense matter. For the first time we take
the advantages of both two approaches to have a precise inference of (68.3% credibility), with the updated
neutron star mass measurement sample, the mass-tidal deformability data of
GW170817, the mass-radius data of PSR J0030+0451 and PSR J0740+6620, as well as
the theoretical information from the chiral effective theory (EFT) and
perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) at low and very high energy
densities, respectively. This narrow credible range is benefited from the
suppression of the high by the pQCD constraint and the exclusion
of the low by the mass function. Three different EoS
reconstruction methods are adopted separately, and the resulting
are found to be almost identical. This precisely evaluated
suggests that the EoS of neutron star matter is just moderately stiff and the
compact objects detected by the second generation
gravitational wave detectors are most likely the lightest black holes.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
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