A nanogapped hysteresis-free field-effect transistor

We propose a semi-suspended device structure and construct nanogapped, hysteresis-free field-effect transistors (FETs), based on the van der Waals stacking technique. The structure, which features a semi-suspended channel above a submicron-long wedge-like nanogap, is fulfilled by transferring ultraclean BN-supported MoS$_2$ channels directly onto dielectric-spaced vertical source/drain stacks. Electronic characterization and analyses reveal a high overall device quality, including ultraclean channel interfaces, negligible electrical scanning hysteresis, and Ohmic contacts in the structures. The unique hollow FET structure holds the potential for exploiting reliable electronics, as well as nanofluid and pressure sensors.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures, with S

Progress on Bioavailability of Calcium and Calcium-Peptide Complexes

Calcium is an essential nutrient for human health and plays a crucial role in various physiological processes such as bone formation, muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. Calcium absorption mainly occurs in the small intestine where the calcium enters the enterocytes through active transport or passive diffusion. However, the free calcium ions dissolved in gastric acid may form insoluble precipitates with other dietary components (such as phytate, oxalate, fiber) in the slightly alkaline intestinal environment, leading to decreased calcium absorption and bioavailability. Decreased calcium absorption can result in a range of bone metabolic diseases, such as rickets and osteoporosis. Therefore, it is important to choose foods or supplements that can provide highly soluble and bioavailable forms of calcium. Some organic calcium salts such as calcium gluconate and calcium citrate have been shown to form supersaturated solutions in the intestinal tract, which can enhance calcium absorption by increasing the concentration gradient across the intestinal epithelium. Furthermore, calcium-peptide complexes are proven to be very effective for improving calcium absorption without causing any side effects. Calcium-peptide complexes can serve as a novel calcium supplement. In this paper, the effects of food components on calcium absorption and bioavailability are reviewd, and the mechanisms underlying the enhancement of calcium absorption by some organic salts (such as calcium gluconate and calcium citrate) and peptides are summarized. And the potential applications of calcium-peptide complexes in human nutrition are also discussed, aiming to provide new insights that can aid in the development of safe and effective calcium supplement

Capacity Constrained Influence Maximization in Social Networks

Influence maximization (IM) aims to identify a small number of influential individuals to maximize the information spread and finds applications in various fields. It was first introduced in the context of viral marketing, where a company pays a few influencers to promote the product. However, apart from the cost factor, the capacity of individuals to consume content poses challenges for implementing IM in real-world scenarios. For example, players on online gaming platforms can only interact with a limited number of friends. In addition, we observe that in these scenarios, (i) the initial adopters of promotion are likely to be the friends of influencers rather than the influencers themselves, and (ii) existing IM solutions produce sub-par results with high computational demands. Motivated by these observations, we propose a new IM variant called capacity constrained influence maximization (CIM), which aims to select a limited number of influential friends for each initial adopter such that the promotion can reach more users. To solve CIM effectively, we design two greedy algorithms, MG-Greedy and RR-Greedy, ensuring the $1/2$-approximation ratio. To improve the efficiency, we devise the scalable implementation named RR-OPIM+ with $(1/2-\epsilon)$-approximation and near-linear running time. We extensively evaluate the performance of 9 approaches on 6 real-world networks, and our solutions outperform all competitors in terms of result quality and running time. Additionally, we deploy RR-OPIM+ to online game scenarios, which improves the baseline considerably.Comment: The technical report of the paper entitled 'Capacity Constrained Influence Maximization in Social Networks' in SIGKDD'2

Feature Extraction Method for Weak Faults Based on Time-Delayed Feedback Mixed Potential Stochastic Resonance

To extract weak faults under strong noise, a method for feature extraction of weak faults with time-delayed feedback mixed potential stochastic resonance (TFMSR) is proposed. This method not only overcomes the saturation characteristics of classical bistable stochastic resonance (CBSR), but also verifies a new potential function model. Based on this model, considering the short memory characteristics of the CBSR method, a method is proposed that can add historical information to the negative feedback process of the stochastic resonance (SR). Through the combination of the above two methods, the weak fault extraction under strong background noise is realized. The article analyzes the effects of the delay term, feedback term, and system parameter on the effect of SR and uses the ant colony algorithm (ACA) to optimize the above parameters. Finally, through simulated and engineering experimental results, it is proved that the proposed method has more advantages than the CBSR method in weak fault feature extraction

Study of the Relationship between Pulmonary Artery Pressure and Heart Valve Vibration Sound Based on Mock Loop

The vibration of the heart valves’ closure is an important component of the heart sound and contains important information about the mechanical activity of a heart. Stenosis of the distal pulmonary artery can lead to pulmonary hypertension (PH). Therefore, in this paper, the relationship between the vibration sound of heart valves and the pulmonary artery blood pressure was investigated to contribute to the noninvasive detection of PH. In this paper, a lumped parameter circuit platform of pulmonary circulation was first set to guide the establishment of a mock loop of circulation. By adjusting the distal vascular resistance of the pulmonary artery, six different pulmonary arterial pressure states were achieved. In the experiment, pulmonary artery blood pressure, right ventricular blood pressure, and the vibration sound of the pulmonary valve and tricuspid valve were measured synchronously. Features of the time domain and frequency domain of two valves’ vibration sound were extracted. By conducting a significance analysis of the inter-group features, it was found that the amplitude, energy and frequency features of vibration sounds changed significantly. Finally, the continuously varied pulmonary arterial blood pressure and valves’ vibration sound were obtained by continuously adjusting the resistance of the distal pulmonary artery. A backward propagation neural network and deep learning model were used, respectively, to estimate the features of pulmonary arterial blood pressure, pulmonary artery systolic blood pressure, the maximum rising rate of pulmonary artery blood pressure and the maximum falling rate of pulmonary artery blood pressure by the vibration sound of the pulmonary and tricuspid valves. The results showed that the pulmonary artery pressure parameters can be well estimated by valve vibration sounds

Improving Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Maximum Information Coefficient Based Feature Selection

Effective feature selection can help improve the classification performance in bearing fault diagnosis. This paper proposes a novel feature selection method based on bearing fault diagnosis called Feature-to-Feature and Feature-to-Category- Maximum Information Coefficient (FF-FC-MIC), which considers the relevance among features and relevance between features and fault categories by exploiting the nonlinearity capturing capability of maximum information coefficient. In this method, a weak correlation feature subset obtained by a Feature-to-Feature-Maximum Information Coefficient (FF-MIC) matrix and a strong correlation feature subset obtained by a Feature-to-Category-Maximum Information Coefficient (FC-MIC) matrix are merged into a final diagnostic feature set by an intersection operation. To evaluate the proposed FF-FC-MIC method, vibration data collected from two bearing fault experiment platforms (CWRU dataset and CUT-2 dataset) were employed. Experimental results showed that accuracy of FF-FC-MIC can achieve 97.50%, and 98.75% on the CWRU dataset at the motor speeds of 1750 rpm, and 1772 rpm, respectively, and reach 91.75%, 94.69%, and 99.07% on CUT-2 dataset at the motor speeds of 2000 rpm, 2500 rpm, 3000 rpm, respectively. A significant improvement of FF-FC-MIC has been confirmed, since the p-values between FF-FC-MIC and the other methods are 1.166 × 10 − 3 , 2.509 × 10 − 5 , and 3.576 × 10 − 2 , respectively. Through comparison with other methods, FF-FC-MIC not only exceeds each of the baseline feature selection method in diagnosis accuracy, but also reduces the number of features

Evaluation of COMPASS ionospheric grid

As an important component of the augmentation service, the ionospheric grid contributes to improving single-frequency positioning accuracy. The ionospheric delay corrections are broadcast as vertical delay estimates at specified ionospheric grid points (IGPs) for most satellite-based augmentation system, where the IGPs are predefined with a resolution of 5A degrees and 5A degrees in latitude and longitude. Different from the general strategy, the COMPASS IGPs are predefined with a resolution of 2.5A degrees and 5A degrees in latitude and longitude. The need for this special IGPs distribution is investigated with experiments using real data. The performance of the COMPASS ionospheric grid is analyzed in terms of accuracy and availability. Comparing the performance of the special IGPs distribution with that of 5A degrees A xA 5A degrees IGPs, the results show that the ionospheric correction improves by 0.2 m and the 3D positioning accuracy improves by 1 m in middle-low latitude regions. The RMS of the COMPASS grid ionospheric correction accuracy is better than 0.5 m in most regions of the China mainland, and the availability is better than 95 % except in the northeast, northwest and outside China. In addition, we investigated the performance of the method that combined the inverse distance weighted and spherical harmonics grid modeling algorithm. Simulations show that the new method clearly improves grid availability. The mean availability in the mainland is better than 99 %

Structure and Microscopic Wear Analysis of Lining Material Based on EDEM

The microscopic influence of sliding distance and load on the wear of cone crusher liner is studied. The main factors that affect the hardness of the liner and the material are clearly put forward, and the hardness of the liner is verified according to the national standard to ensure the correctness of the lining and the ore material. Simulation experiments were carried out with EDEM. When the material was certain, the positive pressure and sliding distance between the ore and liner were changed, and the micro wear of the liner was quantitatively calculated by the number of bond keys of the lining plate. The results show that when the liner moves at the same distance, the pressure is greater and the lining plate is seriously worn. When the lining plate is subjected to the same pressure, the moving distance increases, and the lining plate is seriously worn. This method has some reference value for cavity design of new crusher and other material wear research

Structure and Microscopic Wear Analysis of Lining Material Based on EDEM

The microscopic influence of sliding distance and load on the wear of cone crusher liner is studied. The main factors that affect the hardness of the liner and the material are clearly put forward, and the hardness of the liner is verified according to the national standard to ensure the correctness of the lining and the ore material. Simulation experiments were carried out with EDEM. When the material was certain, the positive pressure and sliding distance between the ore and liner were changed, and the micro wear of the liner was quantitatively calculated by the number of bond keys of the lining plate. The results show that when the liner moves at the same distance, the pressure is greater and the lining plate is seriously worn. When the lining plate is subjected to the same pressure, the moving distance increases, and the lining plate is seriously worn. This method has some reference value for cavity design of new crusher and other material wear research

The Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Parasitoid Wasps <i>Protapanteles immunis</i> and <i>Parapanteles hyposidrae</i> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Phylogenetic Implications and Novel Gene Rearrangements

Parapanteles hypsidrae (Wilkinson, 1928) and Protapanteles immunis (Haliday, 1834) are the most important parasitic wasps of Ectropis grisescens Warren and Ectropis obliqua (Prout). We sequenced and annotated the mitochondrial genomes of Pa. hyposidrae and Pr. immunis, which are 17,063 bp and 16,397 bp in length, respectively, and possess 37 mitochondrial genes. We discovered two novel types of gene rearrangement, the local inversion of nad4L in Pa. hyposidrae and the remote inversion of the block cox3-nad3-nad5-nad4 in Pr. immunis, within the mitogenomes of Braconidae. The phylogenetic analysis supported the subfamily Microgastrinae is a monophyletic group, but the tribes Apantelini and Cotesiini within this subfamily are paraphyletic groups