Multi-probe Enabled Over-the-air Calibration of Millimeter-wave Antenna Array: Concept and Experimental Validation

Millimeter wave (mmWave) antenna array systems with high-gain beam-steerablecapability play a key role in fulfilling the high data-rate demands of the fifth generation (5G)and beyond wireless technologies. Rigorous array calibration is essential to ensure theirradiation performance fulfills the standard requirements before massive rollout. These testswill exclusively transition to over-the-air (OTA) testing approaches with antennas included,due to the lack of antenna connectors and their compact and highly integrated designsin emerging mmWave radio systems. This has posed huge challenges on measurementand calibration of mmWave antenna arrays, due to the more demanding requirement onsystem complexity, implementation cost, measurement time, and measurement uncertainty.In this work, a multi-probe framework for phased array calibration is introduced, aimingto achieve objectives including measurement range reduction, measurement efficiencyimprovement and measurement accuracy enhancement compared with the conventionalsingle-probe method. The basic principle, capabilities, limitations, and design of multi-probe configuration are detailed for each measurement objective. Moreover, extensivemeasurement results were presented to validate the effectiveness and robustness of theproposed multi-probe based array calibration algorithms for each measu

Methyl 3-[(1-butyl-1H-indol-3-yl)carbonyl­amino]propionate

In the title mol­ecule, C17H22N2O3, the mean plane of the terminal (C=O)OMe fragment and the indole plane form a dihedral angle of 78.94 (3)°. Inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into chains extended along the c axis. The crystal packing exhibits π–π inter­actions, indicated by the short distance of 3.472 (2) Å between the centroids of the five-membered heterocycles of neighbouring mol­ecules

Methyl (1H-pyrrol-2-ylcarbonyl­amino)acetate

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C8H10N2O3, mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming ribbons of centrosymmetric dimers extending along the c axis

Limonoids and triterpenoids from the twigs and leaves of Dysoxylum hainanense

Four new limonoids, dysohainanins A–D (1–4), and two new triterpenoids, dysohainanins E and F (5 and 6), together with seven known ones were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Dysoxylum hainanense Merr. The structures of the new compounds were determined by a variety of spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds were evaluated, and the known compound ent-19-nor-4,16,18-trihydroxy-8(14)-pomaren-15-one (13) showed in vitro cytotoxicity against HL-60, A-549, MCF-7, and SW480 cells, with IC(50) values of 24.3, 28.1, 30.7, and 22.5 µM, respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 were tested their insecticidal activities using brine shrimp and both of them were inactive. [Image: see text] ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s13659-011-0030-8 and is accessible for authorized users

(Z)-5-(4-Fluoro­benzyl­idene)-1,3-thia­zolidine-2,4-dione

In the title compound, C10H6FNO2S, the benzene and thia­zolidine rings make a dihedral angle of 7.52 (3)°. Intra­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds result in the formation of nearly planar five- and six-membered rings; the adjacent rings are nearly coplanar. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules

1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid

In the title compound, C5H5NO2, the pyrrole ring and its carboxyl substituent are close to coplanar, with a dihedral angle of 11.7 (3)° between the planes. In the crystal structure, adjacent mol­ecules are linked by pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form inversion dimers. Additional N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link these dimers into chains extending along the a axis

Decreased Dicer expression elicits DNA damage and up-regulation of MICA and MICB

RNA interference (RNAi) acts constitutively to silence the innate immune response, and innate immunity genes are misregulated in Dicer-deficient Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we show that inhibition of Dicer expression by RNAi in human cells up-regulates major histocompatibility complex class I–related molecules A and B (MICA and MICB). MICA and MICB are innate immune system ligands for the NKG2D receptor expressed by natural killer cells and activated CD8(+)T cells. We reveal that knockdown of Dicer elicits DNA damage. Up-regulation of MICA and MICB by Dicer knockdown is prevented by pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of DNA damage pathway components, including ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, ATM- and Rad3-related kinase, or checkpoint kinase 1. Therefore we conclude that up-regulation of MICA and MICB is the result of DNA damage response activation caused by Dicer knockdown. Our results suggest that RNAi is indirectly linked to the human innate immune system via the DNA damage pathway

Developments of a 2D Position Sensitive Neutron Detector

Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS), one project of the 12th five-year-plan scheme of China, is under construction in Guangdong province. Three neutron spectrometers will be installed at the first phase of the project, where two-dimensional position sensitive thermal neutron detectors are required. Before the construction of the neutron detector, a prototype of two-dimensional 200 mmx200 mm Multi-wire Proportional Chamber (MWPC) with the flowing gas of Ar/CO2 (90/10) has been constructed and tested with the 55Fe X-Ray using part of the electronics in 2009, which showed a good performance. Following the test in 2009, the neutron detector has been constructed with the complete electronics and filled with the 6atm.3He + 2.5atm.C3H8 gas mixture in 2010. The neutron detector has been primarily tested with an Am/Be source. In this paper, some new developments of the neutron detector including the design of the high pressure chamber, the optimization of the gas purifying system and the gas filling process will be reported. The results and discussion are also presented in this paper.Comment: 5 page

1-Ethyl-1H,6H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]azepine-4,8(5H,7H)-dione

The title compound, C10H12N2O2, was synthesized by cyclization of 3-(1-ethyl­pyrrole-2-carboxamido)propanoic acid in the presence of polyphospho­ric acid and diphospho­rus pentoxide. In the crystal structure, adjacent mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains extending along the b axis

Dietary Bile Salt Types Influence the Composition of Biliary Bile Acids and Gut Microbiota in Grass Carp

Lipid metabolism can influence host’s health. There is increasing evidence for interplay between two key regulating factors in lipid metabolism: bile acids (BAs) and gut microbiota. However, very little is known about how types of different diet-supplemented bile salts (BS) influence this interaction in vivo. We sought to explore these relationships using grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), which often suffers functional disorder of liver and gallbladder. We studied fluctuations of BAs in the gall and changes of microbial communities in the gut in response to seven different diets: five different BS, chelating BS agent, and control. The BS comprised two primary BS [sodium taurochololate (TCAS) and sodium taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDCAS)], sodium tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCAS), and two secondary BS [sodium taurodeoxycholate (TDCAS) and sodium taurolithocholate (TLCAS)]. Supplementation of primary BS caused a more significant fluctuation of biliary BAs than secondary BS, and TCAS caused a more prominent increase than TCDCAS and TUDCAS. For the gut microbiota, primary BS tended to increase their diversity and induce community succession, secondary BS resulted in a higher firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio, while TUDCAS had no significant effects. Changes of the gut microbiota triggered by different types of BS caused alteration in BAs biotransformation. Two-obesity-associated families, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae were positively correlated with biliary cholic acid (CA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA). As both primary and secondary BS resulted in increased synthesis of toxic secondary Bas by the gut microbiota, future studies should pay closer attention to gut microbiota when considering BA treatment