Difference in number of loci of swine leukocyte antigen classical class I genes among haplotypes

International audienceThe structure of the entire genomic region of swine leukocyte antigen (SLA)—the porcine major histocompatibility complex—was recently elucidated in a particular haplotype named Hp-1.0 (H01). However, it has been suggested that there are differences in the number of loci of SLA genes, particularly classical class I genes, among haplotypes. To clarify the between-haplotype copy number variance in genes of the SLA region, we sequenced the genomic region carrying SLA classical class I genes on two different haplotypes, revealing increments of up to six in the number of classical class I genes in a single haplotype. All of the SLA-1(-like) (SLA-1 and newly designated SLA-12) and SLA-3 genes detected in the haplotypes thus analyzed were transcribed in the individual. The process by which duplication of SLA classical class I genes was likely to have occurred was interpreted from an analysis of repetitive sequences adjacent to the duplicated class I genes

Relationships between traumatic symptoms and environmental damage conditions among children 8 months after the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate relationships between traumatic symptoms and environmental damage conditions among children who survived the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. METHODS: The subjects were 12,524 children in kindergartens, elementary schools, and junior high schools in Ishinomaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms for Children 15 items (PTSSC-15), a self-completion questionnaire on traumatic symptoms, was distributed to the children and a questionnaire regarding environmental damage conditions affecting the children was distributed to their teachers. Of 12,524 questionnaires distributed, an effective response was obtained from 11,692 (93.3%). RESULTS: The PTSSC-15 score was significantly higher in females than in males among 4(th) to 6(th) grade students in elementary schools and among junior high school students. In terms of traumatic symptoms and environmental damage conditions, with the exception of kindergartners, children who had their houses damaged or experienced separation from family members had a significantly higher PTSSC-15 score than children who did not experience environmental damage. Except for kindergartners and 4(th)- to 6(th)-grade elementary school students, children who experienced evacuation had a significantly higher PTSSC-15 score. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated relationships between traumatic symptoms and environmental damage conditions in children who had suffered from the disaster. Factors examined in studying the relationship between environmental damage conditions and traumatic symptoms were gender, age, house damage, evacuation experience, and bereavement experience. It was critical not only to examine the traumatic symptoms of the children but also to collect accurate information about environmental damage conditions

Sleep durations on weekdays and holidays.

<p>M: mean(Hour), SD: Standard Deviation (Hour), N: Number,</p><p>7^th –9^th:1^st–3^rd grade of junior high school students.</p

Characteristics of children who experienced the 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.

<p>Characteristics of children who experienced the 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.</p

Average sleep duration on weekdays (number of disaster experiences and gender).

<p>Average sleep duration on weekdays (number of disaster experiences and gender).</p

Average sleep duration on holidays (number of disaster experiences and gender).

<p>Average sleep duration on holidays (number of disaster experiences and gender).</p

Waking and sleep-onset times on holidays.

<p>M: mean, SD: Standard Deviation (Hour), N: Number,</p><p>7^th –9^th:1^st–3^rd grade of junior high school students.</p

Waking and sleep-onset times on weekdays.

<p>M: mean, SD: Standard Deviation (Hour), N: Number,</p