Microscopic mechanism of ultrashort-pulse laser ablation of metals: a molecular dynamics study incorporating electronic entropy effects

The microscopic mechanism of metal ablation induced by ultrashort laser pulse irradiation is investigated. A two-temperature model scheme combined with molecular dynamics (TTM-MD) is developed to incorporate electronic entropy effects into the simulation of metal ablation while satisfying the energy conservation law. Simulation with the TTM-MD scheme reveals that ultrashort laser pulse irradiation near the ablation threshold causes high-energy ion emission and sub-nanometer depth ablation, as observed experimentally, due to the electronic entropy effect. It is also shown that the electronic entropy effect is also significant in spallation.Comment: 13 pages, 18 figure

Observation of Plasma Hole in an ECR Ar Plasma

The first experimental observation of a plasma hole structure in an ECR argon plasma is reported. The plasma hole is a cylindrical density cavity, which is formed spontaneously in the center of the plasma. The steep density gradient between the hole plasma and the ambient plasma is sustained by a thin interfacial layer, the width of which is a few ion Larmor radii. Supersonic rotation is found over the large cross-sectional area of Ar plasma hole. The axial flow can also exceed ion sound speed. Spectral measurements revealed that the neutral density profile exhibits a hole structure as well as that in ion density, the diameter of which is much shorter than the mean free path of neutral particles

The structure and behavior of the arctic cyclone in summer analyzed by the JRA-25/JCDAS data

AbstractIn this study, three-dimensional structures and the life-time behavior of arctic cyclones are investigated as case studies, using reanalysis data of JRA-25 and JCDAS. In recent years, arctic region has undergone drastic warming in conjunction with the reduced sea ice concentration in summer. The rapid reduction of the sea ice concentration is explained, to some extent, by a pressure dipole of the arctic cyclone and Beaufort high over the Arctic Ocean. This paper presents some case studies for the structure of the arctic cyclone.It is found by the analysis of this study that the arctic cyclone indicates many differences in structure and behavior compared with the mid-latitude cyclone. The arctic cyclones move rather randomly in direction over the Arctic Ocean. The arctic cyclone has a barotropic structure in the vertical from the surface to the stratosphere. The arctic cyclone detected at the sea level pressure is connected with the polar vortex at the 500 hPa level and above. Importantly, the arctic cyclone has a cold core in the troposphere and a warm core around the 200 hPa level. The mechanism of the formation is discussed based on the analyzed structure of the arctic cyclones

"Coeur resonant" : Online Hospital Art Creation with People in the Distance

Authors have created several hospital arts using masking tape with Tokushima University Hospital Art Labo (THAL). To enhance the value more, we collaborated with a professional artist, Koichi Nishimura who create large hearts on public institutions. Furthermore, a global financial institution, BNP Parisbas group, provided financial support and incorporate social action program. The art work "Coeur resonant (Resonant Heart)" was completed in Tokushima Red Cross Hospital, including 220 small hearts on film sheets from 145 collaborators. The entire making process was supervised using online system. Current approach suggests new method for many people to participate in hospital art