47 research outputs found
Spatio-temporal isolator in lithium niobate on insulator
In this contribution, we simulate, design, and experimentally demonstrate an
integrated optical isolator based on spatiotemporal modulation in the thin-film
lithium niobate on insulator waveguide platform. We used two cascaded
travelling wave phase modulators for spatiotemporal modulation and a ring
resonator as a wavelength filter to suppress the sidebands of the reverse
propagating light. This enabled us to achieve an isolation of 27 dB. The
demonstrated suppression of the reverse propagating light makes such isolators
suitable for the integration with III-V laser diodes and Erbium doped gain
sections in the thin-film lithium niobate on insulator waveguide platform.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Tomato short internodes and pedicels encode an LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase ERECTA regulating stem elongation through modulating gibberellin metabolism
Plant height is an important agronomic trait. Dwarf varieties present several advantages, such as lodging resistance, increased yield, and suitability for mechanized harvesting, which are crucial for crop improvement. However, limited research is available on dwarf tomato varieties suitable for production. In this study, we report a novel short internode mutant named “short internode and pedicel (sip)” in tomato, which exhibits marked internode and pedicel shortening due to suppressed cell elongation. This mutant plant has a compact plant structure and compact inflorescence, and has been demonstrated to produce more fruits, resulting in a higher harvest index. Genetic analysis revealed that this phenotype is controlled by a single recessive gene, SlSIP. BSA analysis and KASP genotyping indicated that ERECTA (ER) is the possible candidate gene for SlSIP, which encodes a leucine-rich receptor-like kinase. Additionally, we obtained an ER functional loss mutant using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology. The 401st base A of ER is substituted with T in sip, resulting in a change in the 134th amino acid from asparagine (N) to isoleucine (I). Molecular dynamics(MD) simulations showed that this mutation site is located in the extracellular LRR domain and alters nearby ionic bonds, leading to a change in the spatial structure of this site. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the genes that were differentially expressed between sip and wild-type (WT) plants were enriched in the gibberellin metabolic pathway. We found that GA3 and GA4 decreased in the sip mutant, and exogenous GA3 restored the sip to the height of the WT plant. These findings reveal that SlSIP in tomatoes regulates stem elongation by regulating gibberellin metabolism. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms of tomato dwarfing and germplasm resources for breeding dwarfing tomatoes
Neuromorphic computing using wavelength-division multiplexing
Optical neural networks (ONNs), or optical neuromorphic hardware
accelerators, have the potential to dramatically enhance the computing power
and energy efficiency of mainstream electronic processors, due to their
ultralarge bandwidths of up to 10s of terahertz together with their analog
architecture that avoids the need for reading and writing data back and forth.
Different multiplexing techniques have been employed to demonstrate ONNs,
amongst which wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) techniques make sufficient
use of the unique advantages of optics in terms of broad bandwidths. Here, we
review recent advances in WDM based ONNs, focusing on methods that use
integrated microcombs to implement ONNs. We present results for human image
processing using an optical convolution accelerator operating at 11 Tera
operations per second. The open challenges and limitations of ONNs that need to
be addressed for future applications are also discussed.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 160 reference