266 research outputs found
<Vocabulary> Basic Vocabulary of Khengkha with English-Chinese Index Ver. 6 (2021/02/28)
Based on the [CALMSEA] or The Matisoff 200-word list arranged by semantic categories and correlated with some reconstructed roots in STC, TSR, etc
<Vocabulary> An Introduction to Khengkha: A Language of Central Bhutan
The Kheng Language (also known as Khengkha in Bhutan) is one of the major languages in Central Bhutan, belonging to the East Bodic branch of Tibeto-Burman languages. The main languages spoken in Bhutan are Dzongkha in the western, Bumthap in the central, and Tsangla (a.k.a Sharchop) in the eastern areas. Dzongkha is the national language of Bhutan, and it is spoken as the mother tongue around Thimphu, the nation's capital. It is classified as a southern dialect of Tibetan. Tsangla in eastern Bhutan is also distributed in Arunachal Pradesh in India and metog rdzong in South Tibet, China, spoken by Mon people. Bumthap, in Central Bhutan, has the Mangdep and Kurtöp dialects beside Khengkha, but they have not been studied in detail yet except for Kurtöp. Khenkha is considered a major dialect of Bumthap and it is obvious that the appearance of the language is influenced by Dzongkha, however, they also preserve old constituents, such as the numeral system, that date back to before the formation of written Tibetan. As there is a lack in sufficient data for a historical study on Khengkha, this paper aims to provide a basic vocabulary and grammatical sketch based on the Matisoff 200 Word List, which was designed for the historical study of Tibeto-Burman languages. This list includes written Tibetan and reconstructed Proto-Tibeto-Burman words equated to English items. Through field research, I recorded language data of Dzongkha, Bumthap, and Tsangla. By cross-referencing and comparing Khengkha words to the data collected, we may be able to see and indicate which words are preserving old forms, corresponding to written Tibetan, or borrowing from Dzongkha or surrounding languages. I hope this introductory work containing the word list will contribute to the investigation of the historical development of Khengkha and further field research
Negation in Mu-nya
This report was presented at the 53th International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Language and Linguistics held at the University of North Texas, October 2-4, 2020.The Mu-nya language belongs to the Qiangic branch of the Tibeto-Burman language family and is spoken by Tibetans living around Mt. Minya Konka in Sichuan, southwest China. The general expression for ‘not be’ by the speaker’s recognition, such as ‘A is not B’, is expressed as A B /ȵɯ³³- ŋɐ⁵⁵(ti³³)/ in Mu-nya. /ŋɐ⁵⁵/ is a declarative, a part of speech, which expresses a statement with certainty, while /ti³³/ is another declarative that conveys a statement with confirmation. These two declaratives are often used in combination, and the negator /ȵɯ³³-/ precedes them. Huang (1991) revealed that Mu-nya has three kinds of negative prefixes: /ȵɯ³³-/ is the general negator and is also used in the verb predicate under the imperfect aspect; /mɐ³³-/ is used under the perfect aspect; and /tɕɯ³³-/ is used for prohibitive statements. Apart from Huang’s simple observation, Mu-nya has complex negative expressions that have not been reported in detail thus far. This study analyzes the basic functions and grammatical behavior of negators in Mu-nya concerning evidentiality, focusing on negating target items such as the verb, the suffix (=aspect), or the declarative (=evidential) in verb predicates. From my perspective, the negator /ȵɯ³³-/ does not negate the verb stem directly (except for stative verbs), and mainly appears preceding the position of declaratives, or often precedes the imperfect verb suffix /-po³³/ to negate it directly. In contrast, the negator /mɐ³³-/ appears at the preceding position of an active verb stem under the perfect aspect, or often negates the perfect verb suffix /-sɯ³³/ directly. In addition, I will introduce some dialectal varieties corresponding to the general negative expression /ȵɯ³³- ŋɐ⁵⁵(ti³³)/ ‘not be’ in Mu-nya
Are two nucleons bound in lattice QCD for heavy quark masses? -- Consistency check with L\"uscher's finite volume formula --
On the basis of the L\"uscher's finite volume formula, a simple test
(consistency check or sanity check) is introduced and applied to inspect the
recent claims of the existence of the nucleon-nucleon () bound state(s) for
heavy quark masses in lattice QCD. We show that the consistency between the
scattering phase shifts at and/or obtained from the lattice
data and the behavior of phase shifts from the effective range expansion (ERE)
around exposes the validity of the original lattice data, otherwise
such information is hidden in the energy shift of the two nucleons
on the lattice. We carry out this sanity check for all the lattice results in
the literature claiming the existence of the bound state(s) for heavy
quark masses, and find that (i) some of the data show clear inconsistency
between the behavior of ERE at and that at , (ii) some of
the data exhibit singular behavior of the low energy parameter (such as
the divergent effective range) at , (iii) some of the data have the
unphysical residue for the bound state pole in S-matrix, and (iv) the rest of
the data are inconsistent among themselves. Furthermore, we raise a
caution of using the ERE in the case of the multiple bound states. Our finding,
together with the fake plateau problem previously pointed out by the present
authors, brings a serious doubt on the existence of the bound states for
pion masses heavier than 300 MeV in the previous studies.Comment: 39 pages, 16 figures, and 11 tables, title changed, references and
comment adde
Baryon interactions from lattice QCD with physical quark masses -- Nuclear forces and forces --
We present the latest lattice QCD results for baryon interactions obtained at
nearly physical quark masses. nonperturbatively -improved Wilson quark action with stout smearing and Iwasaki gauge
action are employed on the lattice of (96a)^4 \simeq (8.1\mbox{fm})^4 with
GeV, where MeV and MeV.
In this report, we study the two-nucleon systems and two- systems in
channel and - coupled channel, and extract central and
tensor interactions by the HAL QCD method. We also present the results for the
interaction in channel which is relevant to the
pair-momentum correlation in heavy-ion collision experiments.Comment: Talk given at 35th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory
(Lattice 2017), Granada, Spain, 18-24 Jun 2017, 8 pages, 9 figures. arXiv
admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1702.0160
dibaryon from lattice QCD near the physical point
The nucleon()-Omega() system in the S-wave and spin-2 channel
(S) is studied from the (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD with nearly physical
quark masses (~MeV and ~MeV). The
time-dependent HAL QCD method is employed to convert the lattice QCD data of
the two-baryon correlation function to the baryon-baryon potential and
eventually to the scattering observables. The (S) potential,
obtained under the assumption that its couplings to the D-wave octet-baryon
pairs are small, is found to be attractive in all distances and to produce a
quasi-bound state near unitarity: In this channel, the scattering length, the
effective range and the binding energy from QCD alone read ~fm, ~fm, ~MeV,
respectively. Including the extra Coulomb attraction, the binding energy of
(S) becomes ~MeV. Such a spin-2 state could be
searched through two-particle correlations in -, -nucleus and
nucleus-nucleus collisions.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, a reference adde
Towards Lattice QCD Baryon Forces at the Physical Point: First Results
Lattice QCD calculations of baryon forces are performed for the first time
with (almost) physical quark masses. dynamical clover fermion gauge
configurations are generated at the lattice spacing of fm on a
lattice with quark masses corresponding to
MeV. Baryon forces are calculated using the
time-dependent HAL QCD method. In this report, we study and
systems both in and - channels, and the results for the
central and tensor forces as well as phase shifts in the
channel are presented.Comment: Talk given at the 12th International Conference on Hypernuclear and
Strange Particle Physics (HYP2015), Sendai, Japan, 7-12 Sep 2015, 4 pages, 6
figure
Most Strange Dibaryon from Lattice QCD
The system in the channel (the most strange dibaryon)
is studied on the basis of the (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD simulations with a
large volume (8.1 fm) and nearly physical pion mass MeV
at a lattice spacing fm. We show that lattice QCD data
analysis by the HAL QCD method leads to the scattering length , the effective range and the binding energy . These results indicate that the
system has an overall attraction and is located near the unitary regime. Such a
system can be best searched experimentally by the pair-momentum correlation in
relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 6 pages and 4 figure
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