618 research outputs found
Quantitative Temperature Dependence of Longitudinal Spin Seebeck Effect at High Temperatures
This article reports temperature-dependent measurements of longitudinal spin
Seebeck effects (LSSEs) in Pt/YFeO (YIG)/Pt systems in a high
temperature range from room temperature to above the Curie temperature of YIG.
The experimental results show that the magnitude of the LSSE voltage in the
Pt/YIG/Pt systems rapidly decreases with increasing the temperature and
disappears above the Curie temperature. The critical exponent of the LSSE
voltage in the Pt/YIG/Pt systems at the Curie temperature was estimated to be
3, which is much greater than that for the magnetization curve of YIG. This
difference highlights the fact that the mechanism of the LSSE cannot be
explained in terms of simple static magnetic properties in YIG.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Survival rate and mobility in an enclosed population of red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae
Shock-induced star cluster formation in colliding galaxies
We studied the formation process of star clusters using high-resolution
N-body/smoothed particle hydrodynamcs simulations of colliding galaxies. The
total number of particles is 1.2x10^8 for our high resolution run. The
gravitational softening is 5 pc and we allow gas to cool down to \sim 10 K.
During the first encounter of the collision, a giant filament consists of cold
and dense gas found between the progenitors by shock compression. A vigorous
starburst took place in the filament, resulting in the formation of star
clusters. The mass of these star clusters ranges from 10^{5-8} Msun. These star
clusters formed hierarchically: at first small star clusters formed, and then
they merged via gravity, resulting in larger star clusters.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of IAU Symposium 270, Computational
Star Formatio
Toward first-principle simulations of galaxy formation: I. How should we choose star formation criteria in high-resolution simulations of disk galaxies?
We performed 3-dimensional N-body/SPH simulations to study how mass
resolution and other model parameters such as the star formation efficiency
parameter, C* and the threshold density, nth affect structures of the galactic
gaseous/stellar disk in a static galactic potential. We employ 10^6 - 10^7
particles to resolve a cold and dense (T 100 cm^{-3}) phase. We
found that structures of the ISM and the distribution of young stars are
sensitive to the assumed nth. High-nth models with nth = 100 cm^{-3} yield
clumpy multi-phase features in the ISM. Young stars are distributed in a thin
disk of which half-mass scale height is 10 - 30 pc. In low-nth models with nth
= 0.1 cm^{-3}, the stellar disk is found to be several times thicker, and the
gas disk appears smoother than the high-nth models. A high-resolution
simulation with high-nth is necessary to reproduce the complex structure of the
gas disk. The global properties of the model galaxies in low-nth models, such
as star formation histories, are similar to those in the high-nth models when
we tune the value of C* so that they reproduce the observed relation between
surface gas density and surface star formation rate density. We however
emphasize that high-nth models automatically reproduce the relation, regardless
of the values of C*. The ISM structure, phase distribution, and distributions
of young star forming region are quite similar between two runs with values of
C* which differ by a factor of 15. We also found that the timescale of the flow
from n_H ~1 cm^{-3} to n_H > 100 cm^{-3} is about 5 times as long as the local
dynamical time and is independent of the value of C*. The use of a high-nth
criterion for star formation in high-resolution simulations makes numerical
models fairy insensitive to the modelling of star formation. (Abridged)Comment: 15 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ. Abridged
abstract. For high resolution figures, see
http://www.cfca.nao.ac.jp/~saitoh/Papers/2008/Saitoh+2008a.pd
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