Development and Practice of a Junior High School History Unit to Promote the Reconstruction of “Historical Significance”: The case of the unit “What criteria should be used to decide the boldface in textbooks?”

This study proposes a history unit plan aimed at the reconstruction of historical significance of junior high school students. In some cases, historically significant items are boldfaced in textbooks by junior high school students. However, as citizens, it is not enough to judge whether or not historical significance is important in a textbook. Therefore, in this study, The Historical Thinking Project （Canada） and The Critical Thinking Consortium’s unit plan were used as a basis for the development and practice of a history unit. This unit aims to reconstruct “historical significance” by 1） understanding the diversity of criteria of “historical significance,” 2） progressing “historical significance,” and 3） reconstructing “historical significance” from a broader perspective. In particular, the textbook’s boldface type was used as a material for the performance task, “Let’s submit an opinion about the boldface type to the textbook writer”, in order to reconstruct historical significance. The outcome of this research hints at future possibilities of bigger reforms in the history curriculum

How did Japanese teachers deal with COVID-19 in their lessons?: The case studies of two teachers

This article illustrates how two Japanese teachers design and implement a unit related to COVID-19 for promoting teaching controversial issues in Japan. We discovered the following two implications for achieving the aim: (a) improving teachers’ abilities of explaining how the issues are necessary and important in school education and (b) enhancing the ability of gatekeeping of teachers. Particularly, the ability of curriculum management is significant for teaching controversial issues.本研究は，JSPS科研費19K14239の助成，および令和二年度教育学部共同研究プロジェクト「ポストコロナの学校教育」の提起する学術知共創の可能性と課題」の支援を受けたものである

A Japanese History lesson for understanding diversity

This study proposes the Japanese history lesson aiming for promoting deeper understanding diversity because the previous studies in relation to historical inquiry in Japan did not mention about connection with diversity. After conducting the lessons, we found that students mentioned the differences of people’s value between past and present based on the social structure and notions. At the end of study we suggested the reform of history education have more possibilities to develop democratic citizenship

Concept-based teaching and learning for reconstructing the meaning of peace: a practice of integrated study in Hiroshima Global Academy

The aim of this study is to design the peace education unit, which support the students to achieve the two goals: (1) to reconstruct their own notions of peace, and (2) to acquire interdisciplinary concepts and apply them to find and describe the (non-)peaceful situations in our usual life. Therefore, we developed and implemented a concept based inquiry unit (18 class hours) at Hiroshima Global Academy (HiGA) middle school by contextualize the previous unit plan into the integrated learning program on “Global Justice.” As a result, we could choose the six concepts explaining a nonviolent but threatening the peaceful governance, human relation, and agency, demonstrate the social examples to apply them, and set a controversy defining the criteria of peace. The first outcome of this study is that we show the curricular-instructional gatekeeping adjusting to the school context of HiGA. The second is to find the relations between the students' learning of peace concepts and the reconstruction of peace notion

Changing trends in the risk factors for second primary malignancies after autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma before and after the introduction of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs

The incidence of second primary malignancies (SPM) in long-term survivors of multiple myeloma (MM) is increasing because of increased life expectancy. We retrospectively analyzed the risk factors for SPM in patients with MM after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) before and after the introduction of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs). In total, 2,340 patients newly diagnosed with MM who underwent ASCT between 1995 and 2016 were enrolled in this study. Forty-three patients developed SPM (29 solid, 12 hematological, and 2 unknown tumors), with cumulative incidence rates of 0.8% and 2.5% at 24 and 60 months, respectively. The cumulative incidence rates of hematological and solid SPM at 60 months were 0.8% and 1.8%, respectively. The overall survival (OS) rate at 60 months after ASCT was 62.9% and the OS rates after the diagnosis of SPM at 24 months were 72.2% for hematological SPM and 70.9% for solid SPM. Multivariate analysis revealed that the use of IMiDs (P=0.024) and radiation (P=0.002) were significant independent risk factors for SPM. The probabilities of developing SPM and death due to other causes (mainly MM) at 60 months were 2.5% and 36.5%, respectively, indicating that the risk of SPM was lower than that of death from MM. Furthermore, SPM between the pre-novel and novel agent eras (ASCT between 2007 and 2016) groups significantly increased (1.9% vs. 4.3% at 60 months; P=0.022). The early occurrence of SPM after ASCT should be monitored cautiously

「城郭」概念の描写によって歴史文化を可視化する中学校歴史大観学習の協働的な開発・実践 : １次的概念・２次的概念・３次的概念のスパイラル・カリキュラムとして

本研究は，以下２つの研究助成のもと実施したものである。 ①中国四国教育学会・2022 2023 年度課題研究助成「『歴史的な見方・考え方』の指導を重視した若手歴史教師の変容的発達に関する実証的研究」（研究代表者：玉井慎也） ②広島大学創発的次世代研究者育成・支援プログラム・2021-2022 年度研究助成「市民性教育化する歴史教育の国際的な新潮流」（研究代表者：玉井慎也

The relationship between athlete leadership and communication: Analyzing social networks within Japanese sport teams

Despite the recent advancement of athlete leadership studies, little is known about their applicability in East Asian countries such as Japan, and more importantly, their relationship to communication among team members. We therefore examined the relationship between athlete leadership and communication in Japanese sport teams. The data were collected from the athletes (N = 63; three sport teams: basketball, lacrosse, and soccer) at the women's university in Japan. We then analyzed the data utilizing the social network analysis and the quadratic assignment procedure correlation technique. The results suggested a moderate correlation between each type of athlete leadership (i.e., task, motivational, and social leadership) across the three teams. Moderate correlations were also found between each of athlete leadership quality and the amount of communication. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that athlete leadership qualities were applicable to the Japanese context and empirically clarified the relationship between athlete leadership qualities and the amount of communication. The finding contributes to further understanding of athlete leadership

Influence of Controlling Plasma Gas Species and Temperature on Reactive Species and Bactericidal Effect of the Plasma

In this study, plasma gas species and temperature were varied to evaluate the reactive species produced and the bactericidal effect of plasma. Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and argon were used as the gas species, and the gas temperature of each plasma was varied from 30 to 90 °C. Singlet oxygen, OH radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and ozone generated by the plasma were trapped in a liquid, and then measured. Nitrogen plasma produced up to 172 µM of the OH radical, which was higher than that of the other plasmas. In carbon dioxide plasma, the concentration of singlet oxygen increased from 77 to 812 µM, as the plasma gas temperature increased from 30 to 90 °C. The bactericidal effect of carbon dioxide and nitrogen plasma was evaluated using bactericidal ability, which indicated the log reduction per minute. In carbon dioxide plasma, the bactericidal ability increased from 5.6 to 38.8, as the temperature of the plasma gas increased from 30 to 90 °C. Conversely, nitrogen plasma did not exhibit a high bactericidal effect. These results demonstrate that the plasma gas type and temperature have a significant influence on the reactive species produced and the bactericidal effect of plasma

Plasma Gas Temperature Control Performance of Metal 3D-Printed Multi-Gas Temperature-Controllable Plasma Jet

The aim of the study was to design and build a multi-gas temperature-controllable plasma jet that can control the gas temperature of plasmas with various gas species, and evaluated its temperature control performance. In this device, a fluid at an arbitrary controlled temperature is circulated through the plasma jet body. The gas exchanges heat with the plasma jet body to control the plasma temperature. Based on this concept, a complex-shaped plasma jet with two channels in the plasma jet body, a temperature control fluid (TCF) channel, and a gas channel was designed. The temperature control performance of nitrogen gas was evaluated using computational fluid dynamics analysis, which found that the gas temperature changed proportionally to the TCF temperature. The designed plasma jet body was fabricated using metal 3D-printer technology. Using the fabricated plasma jet body, stable plasmas of argon, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen were generated. By varying the plasma jet body temperature from −30 °C to 90 °C, the gas temperature was successfully controlled linearly in the range of 29–85 °C for all plasma gas species. This is expected to further expand the range of applications of atmospheric low temperature plasma and to improve the plasma treatment effect