Grassmannian Approach to Super KP Hierarchies

We present a theory of 'maximal' super-KP(SKP) hierarchy whose flows are maximally extended to include all those of known SKP hierarchies, including, for example, the MRSKP hierarchy of Manin and Radul and the Jacobian SKP(JSKP) introduced by Mulase and Rabin. It is shown that SKP hierarchies has a natural field theoretic description in terms of the B-C system, in analogous way as the ordinary KP hierarchy. For this SKP hierarchy, we construct the vertex operators by using Kac-van de Leur superbosonization. The vertex operators act on the $\tau$-function and then produce the wave function and the dual wave function of the hierarchy. Thereby we achieve the description of the 'maximal' SKP hierarchy in terms of the $\tau$-function, which seemed to be lacking till now. Mutual relations among the SKP hierarchies are clarified. The MRSKP and the JSKP hierarchies are obtained as special cases when the time variables are appropriately restricted.Comment: 46 pages, LaTex, no figure ( few typos corrected

Misclassification analysis for the class imbalance problem

In classification, the class imbalance issue normally causes the learning algorithm to be dominated by the majority classes and the features of the minority classes are sometimes ignored. This will indirectly affect how human visualise the data. Therefore, special care is needed to take care of the learning algorithm in order to enhance the accuracy for the minority classes. In this study, the use of misclassification analysis is investigated for data re-distribution. Several under-sampling techniques and hybrid techniques using misclassification analysis are proposed in the paper. The benchmark data sets obtained from the University of California Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository are used to investigate the performance of the proposed techniques. The results show that the proposed hybrid technique presents the best performance in the experiment

Effectiveness of a portable device and the need for treatment of mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in patients with cardiovascular disease

SummaryBackground and purposeIn Japan, there are two sleep-disordered breathing (SDB)-related problems, which include diagnosing SDB using a portable device (PD) and treating mild-to-moderate SDB (mm-SDB) using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for severe SDB (s-SDB) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Our aims were to evaluate the effectiveness of a PD in diagnosing SDB in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to assess the difference between mm-SDB [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): 20–40h−1] and s-SDB (AHI: >40h−1) using brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in OSA patients.Methods and subjectsAfter their underlying CVD was treated, full-night sleep studies using polysomnography (PSG) and PD were performed on the same day.ResultsEighty-three patients underwent full-night PSG simultaneously with PD. The average duration of the sleep study was 8.6±6.2 days. There was a tendency for a higher AHI value obtained with PSG (PSG, 28.9±24.3h−1; PD, 22.3±16.7h−1; p=0.05). However, the specificity and sensitivity of diagnosing SDB using PD were 86% and 81%, respectively. Using PD, twenty-nine OSA patients had mm-SDB and eleven patients had s-SDB. The BNP value was higher in the mm-SDB patients (318±550pg/ml) than in the s-SDB patients (202±160pg/ml).ConclusionsThe PD was effective in diagnosing SDB in patients with CVD. The BNP value was higher in the mm-SDB patients. Therefore, they need to be treated with CPAP to treat underlying CVD

The Supereigenvalue Model in the Double-Scaling Limit

The double-scaling limit of the supereigenvalue model is performed in the moment description. This description proves extremely useful for the identification of the multi-critical points in the space of bosonic and fermionic coupling constants. An iterative procedure for the calculation of higher-genus contributions to the free energy and to the multi-loop correlators in the double-scaling limit is developed. We present the general structure of these quantities at genus g and give explicit results up to and including genus two.Comment: 19 pages, LaTe

Efficient ultrashort-pulse generation of Yb:YAG laser overcoming the fluorescence spectrum limit by using nonlinear medium

One-hundred-ten-fs and 72-fs pulse-widths were obtained directly from a mode-locked Yb:YAG laser with SESAM and without SESAM, respectively. The laser-spectrum-center and the fluorescence-center were almost same. The oscillation-spectra were much broader than the fluorescence

Matrix model with superconformal symmetry

A matrix model is presented which leads to the discrete ``eigenvalue model'' proposed recently by Alvarez-Gaum\'e {\it et.al.} for 2D supergravity (coupled to superconformal matters).Comment: 7p

Oestrogen receptor β expression and depth of myometrial invasion in human endometrial cancer

We assessed the relative expression of oestrogen receptor (ER)α and oestrogen receptor (ER)β mRNAs in 36 human endometrial cancers using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To determine whether or not the expression of ER subtypes in endometrial cancers is associated with clinicopathological parameters, we examined correlations between ER subtypes and age, tumour grade and depth of myometrial invasion. Using multiple regression analysis, myometrial invasion showed a significant correlation with ER-β: ER-α ratio (r = 0.54, P = 0.0007). The ER-β:ER-α ratio was high in advanced invasive carcinoma. Western blotting analysis showed that ER-β proteins were highly expressed in comparison with ER-α proteins in endometrial cancer with severe myometrial invasion. Our results suggest that ER-β is important in the progression of myometrial invasion. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.co

看護職者の個人の内的属性の対人不安への影響

看護職者の個人の内的属性の対人不安への影響について調べた.調査対象は, 2つの公立総合病院に勤務する看護職者332名である.測定用具には, 対人不安意識尺度・多次元自我同一性尺度・自己没入尺度・共感的配慮尺度・孤独感の類型判別尺度・自己評価式抑うつ性尺度を使用した.対人不安を従属変数とし, 自我同一性・自己没入・共感的配慮・孤独感・抑うつ性を独立変数としてこれらの関係をみた.さらに, 調査対象の属性である性・年齢・看護経験年数・職階・看護教育背景・兄弟姉妹数・友人数等の違いによりこれらの関係がどのように異なるかを調べた.その結果, 自我同一性と対人不安との間に負の相関がみられ, 自己没入や抑うつ性は対人不安との間で正の相関を示した.また, 女性群に有意な相関がみられたが, 男性群には相関がみられなかった.年齢, 経験年数, 職階, 看護教育背景, 兄弟姉妹数, 友人数等の違いにより, 対人不安への影響の程度は異なっていた.一方, 共感的配慮や孤独感との間には有意な相関は認められなかった.The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between nurses\u27 negative self-awareness in interpersonal relationships and their internal attributions. A sample consisted of 332 nurses was examined. The instruments used were Negative self-awareness in Interpersonal relationships scale by Hayashi and Ogawa, Multidimensional ego identity scale by Tani, Self-preoccupation scale by Sakamoto, Japanese version of Empathy consideration scale of the sub-concepts of Interpersonal Reactivity Index by Davis, Loneliness Scale by Ochiai and Japanese version of Depression Scale by Zung. The scores of ego identity showed partial correlation coefficient with significant level of 0.1% to those of negative self-awareness in interpersonal relationships. The scores of self-preoccupation showed positively correlation with those of negative self-awareness in interpersonal relation-ships. The scores of depression showed partial correlation coefficient with significant level of 0.1% to those of negative self-awareness in interpersonal relationships. Also, the relation-ships between nurses\u27 negative self-awareness in interpersonal relationships and internal attribution is different by their gender, age, experience, career ladder, brother numbers and friends\u27 numbers etc